# BPAprojects1978-1998

ProjectTitle:
WILD SPRING CHINOOK SPAWNING ON HOOD RIVER AUDIO

Milestones:
Produced 20 minutes of unedited silent film of fish spawning on gravels collected by weirs.  The film will be used as a record of the results of a BPA-funded activity and as documentation for scientific purposes.  Filming took place on streams within the Zigzag Ranger District, Mount Hood National Forest.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce 20 minutes of silent film of fish spawning on gravels collected by weirs on the Mt Hood NF.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce 20 minutes of silent film of fish spawning on gravels collected by weirs on streams on the ZigZag District of the Mt Hood NF.

ShortTitle:
VIDEO OF WILD SPRING CHINOOK SPAWNING - MT HOOD NF

LongTitle:
Video of Wild Spring Chinook Spawning on the Mt Hood National Forest


ProjectTitle:
WATER BUDGET HYDRO SYSTEMS MODELING AND ANALYSIS

Milestones:
Work with the FISHPASS model indicated that additional transportation would be of marginal benefit to any stocks except those entering the pool immediately above the dam being considered.  For this reason, Ice Harbor was least attractive for addition of transport.  John Day and Lower Monumental were the most attractive as preferred locations for transportation facilities.  The effects on passage survival and system survival by changing the reservoir mortality and the turbine mortality were also studied.

Publications:
"AN ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE FISH TRANSPORTATION STRATEGIES, JANUARY 1987,DOE/BP 63365-1" is the title of the report which examined the potential for an expanded fish transportation program under the assumption of fully operational fish bypass facilities being present at mainstem Snake and Columbia River hydroelectric facilities.

Results:
Clearer picture of the impacts of fish transportation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce an analysis of alternative fish transportant strategies.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce an analysis of alternative fish transportation strategies using the FISHPASS model.

ProjectBackground:
The U.S.  Army Corps of Engineers had developed the FISHPASS model which was used for the analysis of the fish transportation program.

LongTitle:
An Analysis Of Alternative Fish Transportation Strategies Using the  FISHPASS ModelL


ProjectTitle:
INSP SERV FOR LITTLE FALL CREEK PASS  RE:86-090

Milestones:
Tasks include biannual inspection of the two fish passage facilities and to provide necessary repairs. No farther development is needed. Only O & M is required in the future.Inspection and maintenance of fishways spring and fall 1994 ongoing to 1997

Results:
Functional fish ladders on Little Fall Creek

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide for the operation, maintenance, and repair of the Little Fall Creek passage facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide for the operation, maintenance, and repair of the Little Fall Creek passage facilities (Middle Fork of the Willamette). See 8609000.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this project is to provide for the operation, maintenance, and repair of the Little Fall Creek passage facilities.  Confusion about this project has arisen because two different project numbers (8609000 and 8612400) have been used to identify the project.  Also, two different contractors have worked on the project and three unique contract numbers with modifications were issued by the Contract Office.  Originally, project number 8609000 was used when the first contract, identified by 63313-00000-00, for $221,316 was written.  This contract belonged to Weyerhaeuser and had start and stop dates of 86/07/22 and 86/12/31.  Almost simultaneously, another contract for $1,886 was issued to the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife.  This time a new project number 86012400 and contract number 64182-00000-00, with start and stop dates of 86/08/20 and 86/12/31, was used.  Subsequent contracts (37551-00000-00 and 37551-00000-01 with start and stop dates of 87/09/30 through 90/09/30 and 88/05/16 through 90/09/30 respectively) written for the project used the original project number 8609000 and not 8612400 and continued with the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife.

ShortTitle:
PROVIDE O&M FOR  LITTLE FALL CREEK PASSAGE PROJECT

LongTitle:
Little Fall Creek Passage Facilities Maintenance


Milestones:
This contract provided for the maintenance and repair services for the hydroelectric project at the U.S.  Fish and Wildlife Service Eagle Creek National Fish Hatchery.

Results:
Maintenance and repair of the hydroelectric project at Eagle Creek NFH.

ProjectShortDescription:
Maintain and repair the BPA demonstration  low-head hydroelectric project at Eagle Creek NFH.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Maintain and repair the BPA demonstration  low-head hydroelectric project at Eagle Creek NFH.

ProjectBackground:
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) funded the construction of a low-head (70-kilowatt) hydroelectric demonstration project at the USFWS Eagle Creek NFH.  The project was completed in 1985.  The office of Conservation and Power Resources, Division of Resource Management, Generation Programs Branch, was responsible for overseeing the project operation.


ProjectTitle:
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY EVALUATION STUDY

Milestones:
The student focused on outlining the various steps and developed procedures for transitioning the hatchery program from NMFS to BPA.  The project included drafting a MOA and specifying budgeting and administrative procedures, investigating and clarifying a myriad of property ownership issues between Federal and State agencies.

Results:
Material to facilitate the transference of funding for Mitchell Act hatcheries to BPA.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide sponsorship for college student as Energy and Environmental Policy intern.  Student to detail steps and procedures for transitioning the Mitchell Act hatchery program from NMFS to BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide sponsorship for college student as Energy and Environmental Policy intern.  Student to detail steps and procedures for transitioning the Mitchell Act hatchery program from NMFS to BPA.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of this contract was to provide sponsorship for five college students as Energy and Environmental Policy interns.  One of these was in the Fish and Wildlife area. The Administration proposed in the FY 1987 budget that BPA assume funding of the NMFS Mitchell Act program of salmon hatcheries.

ShortTitle:
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INTERN STUDY

LongTitle:
Energy And Environmental Policy Evaluation Intern Study of the Mitchell Act Hatchery Transfer


ProjectTitle:
ALBENI FALLS WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY & MITIGATION PL

Milestones:
Idaho Department of Fish and Game estimated impacts to wildlife from the development of Albeni Falls Dam and recommended wildlife mitigation actions.

Publications:
Albeni Falls Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, & Enhancement Plan DOE/BP 36154-1

Results:
Mitigation cost estimate for Albeni Falls Dam.  Idaho identified a loss of 6,600 acres of wetlands and proposed land acquisition and habitat improvement projects to compensate for this loss.  Estimated cost of Idaho's proposal is approximately $12.6 million.

ProjectShortDescription:
IDFG recommendations for mitigation of impacts from the development of Albeni Falls Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
IDFG developed recommendations for mitigation of impacts from the development of Albeni Falls Dam.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of the Albeni Falls Dam had a significant impact on the wildlife habitat available in the region.

ShortTitle:
ALBENI FALLS WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY & MITIGATION PLAN

LongTitle:
Albeni Falls Dam Wildlife Loss Study and Mitigation Plan


Milestones:
BPA funded new fish screens at Ellensburg and the USBR constructed an adult fishway at the facility.  The project was completed in October 1989.  This was the last of the BPA-funded Phase I passage projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct new fish screens at Ellensburg Town Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct new fish screens at Ellensburg Town Diversion Dam in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The fish screen facilities at the Town Diversion Dam did not adequately protect juvenile salmon and steelhead from being lost in the irrigation canal.

LongTitle:
Construction of Ellensburg Town Fish Screens


Milestones:
This project was to design big game habitat enhancement programs for Libby and Hungry Horse Dams. The project included (1) obtaining baseline wildlife and wildlife habitat information; (2) developing habitat enhancement plans; and (3) recommending an evaluation/monitoring program. A large number of populations and areas frequented were reviewed.

Publications:
Kootenai River Wildlife Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 36136.  
Hungry Horse Dam Wildlife Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 36136-1.  
Northwest Montana Wildlife Habitat Enhancement:  Hungry Horse Elk Mitigation Project Monitoring & Evaluation Plan DOE/BP 36136-3

Results:
Plan for big game associated with mitigation for Libby and Hungry Horse Dams.

ProjectShortDescription:
Design big game habitat enhancement programs for Libby and Hungry Horse Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Design big game habitat enhancement programs for Libby and Hungry Horse Dams. A large number of populations and areas frequented were reviewed.

ProjectBackground:
The Libby and Hungry Horse Dams had had a significant impact on wildlife habitat and particularly on big game populations.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP NW MONTANA WILDLIFE ENHANCEMENT PLANS

LongTitle:
Develop Northwest Montana Wildlife Habitat Enhancement Plans


ProjectTitle:
MONTANA WILDLIFE EASEMENTS / LAND ACQUISITION

Milestones:
This project undertook advance design for the Libby and Hungry Horse Dams wildlife habitat protection actions.  The project developed habitat protection plans for bear, waterfowl, and sharp-tailed grouse; and also determined the feasibility of protecting terrestrial furbearer habitat.  Special focus was on wildlife sites for acquisition.

Publications:
Northwest Montana Wildlife Mitigation Habitat Protection:  Advanced Design DOE/BP 36137-1.  
Northwest Montana Wildlife Mitigation Habitat Protection:  Advance Design Appendices G,H, I, J DOE/BP 36137-2

Results:
Further designs for wildlife associated with Libby and Hungry Horse Dams. Potential wildlife tracts for purchase.

ProjectShortDescription:
Advance design for the Libby and Hungry Horse Dams wildlife habitat protection actions.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Advance design for the Libby and Hungry Horse Dams wildlife habitat protection actions. Focus was on plans for specific species and sites for acquisition.

ProjectBackground:
The Libby and Hungry Horse Dams had had a significant impact on wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
MONTANA WILDLIFE EASEMENTS & LAND ACQUISITION PLAN

LongTitle:
Montana Wildlife Easementsand Land Acquisitions Plans


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhead project for personel and travel of the Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project for personel and travel of the Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL OVERHEAD (PERSONEL/ TRAVEL)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Overhead (Personel/ Travel)


Milestones:
In 1987-1991 project identified entrainment losses as driving kokanee populations and destabilizing kokanee fishery.  The project identified critical uncertainties in managing this fishery.  It also identified habitat limitations and objectives for current study.  In l991 this project became part of the Systems Operation Review and assisted with the EIS on the resident fish work group.Researchers estimated the population of kokanee stocks in Dworshak Reservoir by age, growth, recruitment, escapement, abundance, and mortality rates (fishing and natural).  Assessed basic limnological parameters related to fish production.    Evaluated population dynamics of the zooplankton in the reservoir.  Evaluated impacts of reservoir management on primary productivity, the zooplankton community, and the kokanee population.Other activities have included the following: Assist with EIS on the resident fish workgroup of Systems Operation Review (SOR).  Determine annual fish depth distribution near Dworshak Dam.  Determine selector gate settings for dam to avoid fish entrainment.  Determine if goals for kokanee abundance are met. Obtain a current data base for kokanee and primary productivity in Dworshak Reservoir.  Assess impacts of Dworshak Dam operation upon kokanee population.   Formulate a management plan for the kokanee fishery. Continue analysis of kokanee stocks, primary and secondary productivity and impacts of reservoir management upon these parameters.  Document losses of kokanee through the turbines of Dworshak Dam and relate to various discharge    regimes and reservoir levels.

Publications:
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment and Fisheries Investigation-Kokanee Depth Distribution in Dworshak Reservoir and Implications Toward Minimizing Entrainment [R120]; 
Dworshak Dam Impact Assessment & Fishery Investigation & Trout, Bass, & Forage Species DOE/BP 35165-4;   
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment & Fishery Investigation DOE/BP 35167-1; 
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment & Fishery Investigation DOE/BP 35167-2;   
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment & Fishery Investigation DOE/BP 35167-3;   
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment & Fishery Investigation DOE/BP 35167-4;   
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment & Fishery Investigation DOE/BP 35167-6;

Results:
Data on resident fish as affected by Dworshak Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Optimize the resident fishery of the Dworshak Reservoir which is severely limited by entrainment losses.  Limit loses to keep kokanee densities at 30 -50 adult fish/ha.  Explore ways to avoid losses using selective water withdrawal or behavioral devices.  Develop reservoir resident fish loss assessments due to the operation of Dworshak Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Optimize the resident fishery of the Dworshak Reservoir.  Maintain  kokanee densities at 30 -50 adult fish/ha.  Explore ways to avoid resident fish losses  Develop reservoir resident fish loss assessments due to the operation of Dworshak Dam. See 8740700.

ProjectBackground:
The study was designed to assess the impacts of the original construction and current operation of Dworshak Dam on the resident fishery.  An entire run of B strain steelhead and chinook were lost with the construction of Dworshak Dam in 1973. Population dynamics of Kokanee and reservoir productivity were to be determined and a management plan for the Kokanee fishery developed.  The Nez Perce Tribe, in a separate study (BPA Project 8740700), was to investigate the effect of Dworshak Dam upon rainbow trout, smallmouth bass, and other forage species.

LongTitle:
Dworshak Dam Impacts Assessment and Fishery Investigation


Milestones:
A total of 48 medium rock and log structures were built in Thomas Creek along with five bank stabilization structures. A total of 17 large logs and 11 large rock structures were built in the South Fork of the Umatilla River.  There were 39 associated weir structures built and 36 small rock deflectors installed. Four bank and island reinforcements were made.  There were 19 woody debris and 166 individual boulders placed.  The work resulted in the increase from 150 square yards to 1,400 square yards of low flow pool area.  Annual repair occurred in 1889-1991.  Major construction was completed in FY 1991.  Operations and Maintenance began in FY 1992.

Results:
Enhanced stream habitat.  This project, combined with 8710001 and 8710002, has the potential of producing 26,000 spring Chinook and 21,000 summer steelhead smolts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve andromous fish habitats in streams on Umatilla NF in the Umatilla drainage through instream construction.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve andromous fish habitats in the South Fork of the Umatilla River and its tributary, Thomas Creek,  through instream construction in the Umatilla National Forest. See also projects 8710001 and 8710002

ProjectBackground:
There was a need to improve anadromous fish habitat in streams on US Forest Service land in the Umatilla river drainage.

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Basin Fish Habitat Enhancement, Umatilla National Forest


Milestones:
The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Umatilla National Forest and Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife cooperatively developed a comprehensive five year habitat implementation plan in 1988.  This plan identified anadromous fish habitat problems in the Umatilla River Basin and provided solutions, goals and priorities for addressing these problems.  Four leases and nine right-of-way agreements were procured for the restoration  of 2 miles of stream channel on Meacham Creek and lower Boston Canyon Creek.    Treatment designs and concepts were developed under subcontract with Albrook Hydraulics Lab which focused on improving channel stability and increasing fish habitat complexity.  Treatments included:  Sloping of gravel deposits to reduce channel braiding and develop a more stable channel configuration; placement of rock and wood structures to reduce erosion of stream banks and encourage the deposition of fines for the establishment of riparian vegetation; placement of instream boulders, weirs, and large organic debris to increase holding and hiding cover and to encourage the development of a stable thalweg; and the enhancement of riparian vegetation through planting of hardwood cuttings and grass and forb seeds.   Riparian corridor fencing was postponed until the 1990 project year to allow for the safe location of the fence line following evaluation of the stability of new channel configurations in high flows.    Baseline data on streamflows, water temperature, and suspended sediments, and channel morphology was collected.Approximately 2400 cubic yards of boulders and 1000 cubic yards of rip-rap was  placed in the lower 4 miles of Meacham Creek, the lower 0.25 mile of Boston Canyon Creek, and 2.5 miles of the upper Umatilla River.  Riparian recovery  was enhanced through the planting of 1000 willow cuttings and 400 pounds of mixed grass seed and through fencing of 4.5 miles to exclude livestock from riparian areas. Most Operation and Maintenance activities built around fence and boulder maintenance.  New construction was limited to fence and watering devices.FY 1994:  Major activity was O&M of existing structures.  Began biological evaluation of Squaw and Meacham Creek and maintenance of existing structures.  New thrust to contract was the development of a basin plan with strong ecosystem direction.  The Tribe coordinates with the Oregon Department of Fish  and Wildlife, the U.S. Forest Service, and other land use entities.

Publications:
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-2;   
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-3;   
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-4;   
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-5;   
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-6;   
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-7;   
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 35768-8

Results:
This project, combined with 8710000 and 8710002, should produce 21,700 summer steelhead and 21,100 spring chinook smolts.  On a more immediate level, there has been an increase in habitat diversity and better stream conditions.

ProjectShortDescription:
Conduct watershed project planning and education process by identifying problems and developing creative solutions to land use problems impacting fisheries habitat in the Umatilla River Basin.  Implement maintenance and continued instream and riparian habitat enhancement projects for benefits to spring & fall chinook, coho, and steelhead.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Conduct watershed planning and education. Identify problems and develop solutions to land use issues impacting fisheries habitat in the Umatilla Basin.  Implement and maintain anadromous habitat enhancement for Meacham Cr, etc. See 871000 & 871002.

ProjectBackground:
The channelization of Meacham Creek by the Union Pacific Railroad, combined with poor riparian livestock management created extreme channel instability and bedload movement within the project area.  The resulting loss of riparian vegetation caused an increase in water temperatures, evaporative losses, and sediment loading from upland sites.  As a result the fishery suffered dramatically.

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Basin Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement (CTUIR)


Milestones:
This project is comprised of numerous smaller projects within the Umatilla River subbasin; primarily in the Birch and Meacham creek drainages.  These projects have focused on restoring degraded instream and riparian habitats. Chief activities have been through fencing, riparian revegetation, and instream structure  construction in East and West Birch Creeks, Meacham Creek, and North Fork Meacham Creek.  Construction was completed in 1993 and the effort has moved to Operations and Maintenance activities

Publications:
Umatilla Basin Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-1;   
Umatilla Basin Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-2;   
Umatilla River Subbasin Fish Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-3;   
Umatilla River Subbasin Fish Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-4;   
Umatilla River Subbasin Fish Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-5;   
Umatilla River Subbasin Fish Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-6;   
Umatilla River Subbasin Fish Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 35769-7;

Results:
About 10.8 miles of Birch and Meacham creeks have been leased and had projects completed  Stream conditions are improving.  This project, combined with 8710000 and 8710001, will provide 21,700 summer steelhead and 21,100 spring chinook smolts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve habitat access, and the quantity and quality of spawning and rearing habitat available to steelhead in the Umatilla Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve habitat access, and the quantity & quality of spawning and rearing habitat for steelhead in Umatilla Basin streams. Construct riparian fencing and instream structures: E & W Birch Creeks, Meacham Cr & North Fk of Meacham Cr. See 8710000 & 8710001.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this project is to improve anadromous fish habitat in the Umatilla River and tributaries on privately-owned land.  Prior to FY 1993 the program was 100% funded by BPA.  In FY 1993 ODFW began supplementing BPA funds with outside funds (i.e. GWEB, R&E, TU, UPRR etc.) in order to continue some level of new project implement-ation.  The uncertainty of outside funding has made it extremely difficult to plan and implement projects in an efficient manner.

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Basin Fish Habitat Enhancement (ODFW)


ProjectTitle:
PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS UMATILLA RV DIV - WESTLAND

Milestones:
This project improved up and down stream passage at Westland Diversion by building new ladder, new screens on the canal, and a new trap for juveniles.  ODFW designed and constructed the facility.  Construction was completed in the Fall of 1990.  Monitoring and evaluation began FY 1992.  Continued to coordinate improvements to District irrigation system under separate contract.

Results:
Improvements include a new fish ladder, new screens on the Westland canal, and fish bypass and trapping facilities associated with the screens.  Benefits will be remedy of secure passage obstacle to up and down stream mitigation.  Up to 40,000 adults will be able to pass upstream of this facility.  Up to 7 million smolts will be able to be imprinted, released high in the system, and be trapped and transported at this facility around dewatered parts of the river.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct new fish ladders at the Westland Diversion, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct new fish ladders at the Westland Diversion, Umatilla River Basin. See also 8710402.

ProjectBackground:
Major blockage of migrating salmonids occurred at the Westland Diversion of the Umatilla River. Westland fish passage improvements were provided for under Measure 703(c)(2),    Action Item 4.2 of the Council's Fish and Wildlife Program. Objectives were to safely bypass juveniles entering the Westland Canal back to the river, to provide trapping facilities to facilitate trucking of juveniles during periods of extreme low flow, and to provide for adequate upstream passage of returning adults

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS- WESTLAND DIVERSION

LongTitle:
Umatilla Passage Improvements - Westland Diversion


ProjectTitle:
PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS UMATILLA RV DIV - STANFIELD

Milestones:
A new ladder and screen were built on the canal at Stanfield Diversion.

Results:
Improved passage at the Stanfield Diversion.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct passage improvements (ladder and screen) at Stanfield Diversion, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct passage improvements (ladder and screen) at Stanfield Diversion, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Better passage was needed at the Stanfield Diversion for both upstream and downstream migration.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS- STANFIELD DIVERSION

LongTitle:
Umatilla Passage Improvements - Stanfield Diversion


Milestones:
There are certain improvements that must be made to the WID irrigation system that are necessary to allow the project fish facilities to operate according to design.  These improvements will also improve the ability of WID to deliver water on their system.  Because these improvements are not fish facilities, they were not included in the ODFW design or construction contract.  Because they directly involve improvements to irrigation facilities, WID designed the improvements last summer and fall, and will construct them.  Improvements include:    Motorizing and automating existing gates at the Westland check structure and Allen turnout to provide screen bay water surface regulation and allow full water deliveries.  Included are controls at the screens and power and control cables to the automated gates; Improve dam flashboards to allow maintenance of proper water surface elevation at canal intake; Repair/modify existing cutoff sill below dam, including raising one low panel and repairing another, to allow proper tailwater flows and fish access; Remove existing outmoded screen structures on Westland main canal; Add trashbars at the existing headworks to exclude heavy debris from the canal.    Automate existing headgates at Westland Main canal entrance as required.

Results:
Results include better water flow and control thus improving  the function of the fish facilities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Work at Westland Diversion Dam, Umatilla River Basin

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Work at Westland Diversion Dam, Umatilla River Basin to improve fish passage. See also 8710400.

ProjectBackground:
Westland fish passage improvements were provided for under Measure 703(c)(2),    Action Item 4.2 of the Council's Fish and Wildlife Program. Objectives were to safely bypass juveniles entering the Westland Canal back to the river, to provide trapping facilities to facilitate trucking of juveniles during periods of extreme low flow, and to provide for adequate upstream passage of returning adults. The facilities needed to meet project objectives were completed in late fall of 1990. DFW, under contract to BPA, performed predesign and final design for these project fish facilities, and managed their construction. See Project 8710402.

LongTitle:
Improvements at Westland Diversion, Umatilla Basin


ProjectTitle:
WESTSIDE DITCH SCREEN CONSTRUCTION  86-66

Milestones:
BPA replaced the fish screens in the Westside Canal to effectively bypass juvenile salmon and steelhead away from the Westside Irrigation Canal.  The project was completed in 1988.

Results:
Effective screens on the Westside Canal.

ProjectShortDescription:
Replace outdated fish screens in the Westside canal in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Replace outdated fish screens in the Westside canal in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The fish screens in the Westside Canal of the Yakima Basin were outdated.

LongTitle:
Westside Ditch Screen Construction, Yakima Basin


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH HEALTH MONIT / IDAHO  86-24

Milestones:
This project standardized fish health monitoring for the Columbia River anadromous hatcheries.  Frequency, methodology and effort was now comparable from agency to agency.  This comparable effort was necessary to assess the Basin's artificial production currently and its potential. 7 Idaho state hatcheries were involved.

Publications:
State of Idaho Augmented Anadromous Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 65903-1.  
State of Idaho Augmented Anadromous Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 65903-2.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring in Idaho DOE/BP 65903-3.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring in Idaho DOE/BP 65903-4.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring in Idaho DOE/BP 65903-5

Results:
Standardization of fish health monitoring.

ProjectShortDescription:
Augment the current agency fish health monitoring programs to a specified uniform level among all Columbia River anadromous hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Augment the current agency fish health monitoring programs to a specified uniform level among all Columbia River anadromous hatcheries. 7 Idaho state hatcheries were involved. See also projects 8711800, 8711900

ProjectBackground:
This was one of five projects funded by BPA to complement the hatchery survey.  It augmented the existing agency fish health monitoring programs to a level which has been developed by a steering committee of fish health specialists of the region.  See also projects 8711800, 8711900.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH HEALTH MONITORING / IDAHO

LongTitle:
Augmented Anadromous Fish Health Monitoring for Idaho


Milestones:
This project standardized fish health monitoring for the Columbia River anadromous hatcheries.  Frequency, methodology and effort was now comparable from agency to agency.  This comparable effort was necessary to assess the Basin's artificial production currently and its potential. 1992 was the last of 5 years of monitoring for ODFW. State hatcheries of Oregon and Washington were involved.

Publications:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring in Oregon DOE/BP 33823-1

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Augment the current agency fish health monitoring programs to a specified uniform level among all Columbia River anadromous hatcheries. OR and WA state hatcheries were involved. See also projects 8711700, 8711900.

ProjectBackground:
This was one of five projects funded by BPA to complement the hatchery survey.  It augmented the existing agency fish health monitoring programs to a level which has been developed by a steering committee of fish health specialists of the region. See also projects 8711800, 8711900

ShortTitle:
AUGMENTED FISH HEALTH MONITORING / OREGON

LongTitle:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Oregon


Milestones:
This project allowed Basin managers to assess the impact, and prioritize the various diseases that affect artificially produced fish.  Data was also collected and recorded with similar software for rapid retrieval project standardized fish health monitoring for the Columbia River anadromous hatcheries.  Frequency, methodology, and effort was now comparable from agency to agency.  This comparable effort was necessary to assess the Basin's artificial production currently and its potential. This data was to be incorporated in the CIS for future work. National Fish Hatcheries of OR, WA, ID were involved.

Publications:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 35585-1
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring, Project No. 87-119 DOE/BP 35585-2.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 35585-3
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 35585-4

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Augment the current agency fish health monitoring programs to a specified uniform level among all Columbia River anadromous hatcheries. National Fish Hatcheries of OR, WA, ID were involved. See also projects 8711800, 8711700

ProjectBackground:
This was one of five projects funded by BPA to complement the hatchery survey. Fish health data should be collected Basin-wide in a consistent manner.  This projected augmented the existing agency fish health monitoring programs to a level which had been developed by a steering committee of fish health specialists of the region. See also projects 8711800, 8711700.

ShortTitle:
AUGMENTED FISH HEALTH MONITORING / USFWS

LongTitle:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service


Milestones:
Filmed activities associated with Flathead River Fish and Wildlife projects in northwest Montana. Filming took place in and around McDonald Creek, a tributary of the Flathead River on the southern border of Glacier National Park.

Results:
Film on the Flathead River Fish and Wildlife projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Film activities associated with Flathead River Fish and Wildlife projects focusing on McDonald Creek.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Film activities associated with Flathead River Fish and Wildlife projects focusing on McDonald Creek at Glacier National Park.


Milestones:
This project sponsored a panel discussion on the potential benefits of supplemental oxygen in hatchery operations.  The discussion was held at the Pacific Northwest Fish Culture Conference in December 1986 at Springfield, Oregon.

Results:
Panel discussion on benefits of supplemental oxygen in hatchery operations.

ProjectShortDescription:
Participate in panel discussion of potential benefits of supplemental oxygen in hatchery operations at the Pacific Northwest Fish Culture Conference, Springfield, OR.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Participate in panel discussion of potential benefits of supplemental oxygen in hatchery operations at the Pacific Northwest Fish Culture Conference, Springfield, OR.


ProjectTitle:
PIT TAG PURCHASE FY/87 SMOLT MIGRATION RESEARCH

Milestones:
This contract was established to purchase PIT-Tags to accommodate future research and monitoring needs of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.  In 1987 32,000 PIT-Tags were purchased from Identification Devices Inc.  to conduct reservoir mortality and Water Budget effectiveness studies.  The Fisheries Integration Branch of BPA's Division of Fish and Wildlife served as the depository of the tags and distributed them as various research and monitoring projects were funded by BPA.  No additional PIT-Tags were purchased through this contract.

Results:
1. Facilitated applications of PIT-Tags as a tool for studying migrations, timing, and survival of salmon populations of the Columbia River system.  2.  Facilitated implementing research using PIT-Tags to study site specific fish problems at Columbia River dams that was previously not possible due to the limitations of other existing marking techniques.

ProjectShortDescription:
Purchase PIT-tags to accomodate future research and monitoring needs of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Purchase PIT-tags to accomodate future research and monitoring needs of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

ProjectBackground:
PIT-Tags were used to mark fish in the Columbia River Basin to enable tracking, counting, and other research activities.


ProjectTitle:
SMOLT MONITORING BY NON-FEDERAL ENTITIES

Milestones:
The FPC is jointly operated by a fish passage manager.  Responsibilities of the fish passage manager include:  1.  Planning and implementing the annual Columbia River Smolt Monitoring Program (SMP).  2.  Developing and implementing Water Budget flow augmentation and spill requests to maximize juvenile salmonid survival.  3.  Monitoring and analyzing research results to assist in implementing the Water Budget and spill planning and in preparing reports.  The FPC functions as the primary program center for housing data and information regarding juvenile and adult fish passage.  BPA has funded the operation of the FPC and the Fish Passage Data Information System (FPDIS) since 1983.  BPA plans to continue to fund the operation of the FPC, the fish passage manager and support staff, and the FPDIS to benefit the integration of  fish and hydrosystem operational requirements, and to provide increased adult returns by using supplemental flows to maximize juvenile fish survival.

Publications:
Rock Island Dam Smolt Monitoring,  1991 DOE/BP 38906-1;   
1991 McNary Dam Smolt Monitoring Program DOE/BP 38906-2;   
Spring Outmigration of Wild and Hatchery Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Trout Smolts from the Imnaha River/March 1-June 15, 1994 DOE/BP 38906-4;
1994, 1995, McNary Dam and Lower Monumental Dam Smolt Monitoring Program DOE/BP 38906-5;   
Spring Outmigration of Wild and Hatchery Chinook Salmonid Steelhead Trout Smolts from the Imnaha River, Oregon, February 5-June 20, 1995 DOE/BP 38906-5a;   
Rock Island Dam Smolt Monitoring, 1994 and 1995 DOE/BP 38906-7;   
Fish Research Project Oregon-Smolt Migration Characteristics and Mainstem Snake and Columbia River Detection Rates of Grande Ronde and Imnaha River Naturally Produced Spring Chinook Salmon 38906-8

Results:
Ability to respond to system operation requests, fish passage data and analysis.

ProjectShortDescription:
Monitor smolt migration in the Lower Snake and Columbia Rivers as they leave the tributaries and pass through the dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Monitor smolt migration in the Lower Snake and Columbia Rivers as they leave the tributaries and pass through the dams. In addition to the research phase, this project supported the Fish Passage Center (FPC) for several years.

ProjectBackground:
This contract supports the monitoring activities of the Fish Passage Center (FPC), a technical office of the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority (CBFWA). It is a component of basinwide Smolt Monitoring Program, which is the basis of flow and passage management data submitted to the Fish Passage Center.  Agencies and Tribes funded under this contract are Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG), Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDF), Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), Nez Perce Tribe, and Chelan County Public Utility District.  (Prior to 1994 this contract also included the funding of the Fish Passage Center Budget.)

LongTitle:
Smolt Monitoring by the Fish Passage Center


Milestones:
An agreement was issued to provide funding to the U.S.  Army Corps of Engineers, Water Quality Section to upgrade three BPA owned gas tensionometers located at Chief Joseph and McNary Dams.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide funding to upgrade 3 BPA owned gas tensionometers at Cheif Joseph and McNary Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide funding to upgrade 3 BPA owned gas tensionometers at Chief Joseph and McNary Dams for the monitoring of nitrogen levels.

ProjectBackground:
Gas tensionometers are important in monitoring and maintaining nitrogen concentrations at levels that are not harmful to migrating juvenile fish.

LongTitle:
Update of Tensionometer Equipment at Chief Joseph and McNary Dams


Milestones:
This project estimated the survival rate of juvenile yearling Chinook salmon passing Lower Granite Reservoir and determined the feasibility of using the PIT tag to conduct survival studies.

Publications:
Lower Granite Pool & Turbine Survival Study DOE/BP 1123

Results:
Data pertinent to passage at Lower Granite Reservoir.

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimate the survival rate of juvenile yearling chinook passing Lower Granite Reservoir and determine feasibility of using PIT tags to conduct survival studies.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate the survival rate of juvenile yearling chinook passing Lower Granite Reservoir and determine feasibility of using PIT tags to conduct survival studies.

ProjectBackground:
PIT tags had been used as research tools in various Columbia River Basin projects.

LongTitle:
Lower Granite Pool and Turbine Survival Study


Milestones:
This project determined whether PIT-tagged and freeze branded-yearling Chinook and steelhead were recovered at different rates and identified the sources of sampling error. It was conducted primarily at McNary Dam.

Publications:
An Assessment of Freeze Brand & Pit Tag Recovery Data at McNary Dam DOE/BP 34269-1.  
An Assessment of Freeze-Brand & Pit-Tag Recovery Data for Juvenile Salmonids at McNary Dam DOE/BP 34269-2

Results:
Data on impacts of PIT-tagged and freeze branded fish.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine if PIT-tagged and freeze branded-yearling salmonids are recovered at different rates and identify the sources of sampling error.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine if PIT-tagged and freeze branded-yearling salmonids are recovered at different rates and identify the sources of sampling error.

ProjectBackground:
Both PIT tags and freeze branding had been used as research tools in the Columbia River Basin.

LongTitle:
An Assessment of the Freeze Brand Recovery Data for Yearling Chinook Salmon at McNary Dam


ProjectTitle:
INTERNAL SUPPORT PROJECTS - AUDIO/VISUAL

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Internal BPA support for Fish and Wildlife projects

Milestones:
Provided funds to purchase plaques to commemorate Yakima fish ladder and screen projects (Sunnyside, Horn Rapids and the Tumwater and Dryden fish ladder projects.

Results:
Plaques to commemorate various Washington fish passage projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Purchased plaques to commemorate fish ladder and screen projects at Tumwater and Dryden Dams and at various sites in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Purchased plaques to commemorate fish ladder and screen projects at Tumwater and Dryden Dams and at various sites in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA had embarked on an educational campaign relative to fish and wildlife projects.  Audio-Visual materials and news clips were a major part of this effort. Plaques commemorating BPA projects were another.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - AUDIO/VISUAL SUPPORT PROJECT

LongTitle:
BPA Internal Support Project: Commemorative Plaques


Milestones:
The U.S.  Bureau of Reclamation was partially funded by BPA to produce a video film on fishery activities in the Yakima River Basin.  U.S.  Bureau of Reclamation funded an equal amount.

Results:
The film will be used to improve our public involvement program on the hatchery and passage projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce video of fishery activities in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce video of fishery activities in the Yakima River Basin.


Milestones:
This was a video presentation of the purpose and type of fish screening facilities being constructed under the Yakima Phase II passage program.

Results:
The video is used to explain the program to landowners and other interested parties.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce video of the purpose and type of fish screens being constructed under the Yakima Phase II program.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce video of the purpose and type of fish screens being constructed under the Yakima Phase II program.

ShortTitle:
VIDEO OF YAKIMA  PHASE II SCREEN PROJECT


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - MASTER PLAN DEVELOPMENT

Milestones:
BPA funded the Yakima Indian Nation to participate and contribute to the development of a master plan for the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project.  The master plan was completed in 1987.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund the Yakima Indian Nation to participate and contribute to formation of a Yakima/Klickitat Production master plan.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund the Yakima Indian Nation to participate and contribute to formation of a Yakima/Klickitat Production master plan.

ProjectBackground:
A major cooperative effort between the Yakima Tribe, the State of Washington, and BPA was working towards restoration of salmon runs in the Yakima Basin.  The Klickitat Basin had second priority.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - MASTER PLAN DEVELOPMENT

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery - Master Plan Development


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - WAPATO CANAL PEN REARING

Milestones:
The study was designed to determine if production costs could be significantly reduced by using the net pens.

ProjectShortDescription:
Demonstrate the feasibility of using low-cost net pens to rear and acclimate salmonids utilizing the Wapato Canal.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Demonstrate the feasibility of using low-cost net pens to rear and acclimate salmonids utilizing the Wapato Canal in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Wapato Canal Pen Rearing project was a demonstration effort to investigate the feasibility of using low-cost net pens to rear and acclimate fall Chinook, Coho, and steelhead salmon for release in the Yakima River.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - WAPATO CANAL PEN REARING

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery - Wapato Canal Pen Rearing


ProjectTitle:
SMOLT/ADULT MONITORING A/V PROJ RECORD RE:87-134

Milestones:
Provided all tools, materials, labor, equipment, and supervision to provide audiovisual services for smolt and adult monitoring.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide needed materials (film and processing, etc.) for audiovisual services for smolt and adult monitoring.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide needed materials (film and processing, etc.) for audiovisual services for smolt and adult monitoring.

ProjectBackground:
The Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA had embarked on an educational campaign relative to fish and wildlife projects.  Audio-Visual materials and news clips were a major part of this effort.  Some of this effort was also directed toward fields of research.

LongTitle:
Smolt and Adult Monitoring Audio-Visual Project Record


Milestones:
To implement these objectives, BPA funded a TWG Coordinator position with the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority through a contract with the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission.  BPA discontinued this project on March 15, 1991.

ProjectShortDescription:
Coordinate Council Area of Research Emphasis Techical Work Group (TWG) activities and coordinate TWG  with other functions and groups. This includes funding a staff position.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Coordinate Council Area of Research Emphasis Techical Work Group (TWG) activities and coordinate TWG  with other functions and groups. This includes funding a staff position.

ProjectBackground:
The objectives of this project were to: 1.  Coordinate Council Area of Research Emphasis Technical Work Group (TWG) activities within the TWG's and among the TWG's, as required by the Implementation Planning Process (IPP).  2.  Coordinate TWG planning activities with other activities such as the Monitoring and Evaluation Group and System and Subbasin Planning.

ShortTitle:
FUND (TWG) TECHNICAL WORK GROUP- RESEARCH EMPHASIS

LongTitle:
Fund Power Council Technical Work Group (TWG) Coordination - Research Emphasis


ProjectTitle:
PHYSIO EVAL - SMOLTIFICATION , MIGRATION, SURVIVAL

Milestones:
This project has been collecting data on smoltification levels of fish from marked hatchery releases and of fish from the run-at-large at key monitoring sites as part of the Smolt Monitoring Program since 1988.  Information collected by this component of the Columbia River Smolt Monitoring Program (SMP) is directed toward:  1.  Monitoring fish health and smoltification parameters of marked groups of juvenile salmon and steelhead used by the Fish Passage Center to estimate smolt travel times (migration rates). 2.  Developing a real time smolt condition index to monitor fish quality during outmigration.  This project is providing a time series of smolt condition information that will contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions, smolt condition, smolt passage survival and adult production.Continue collecting smolt condition data in support of Smolt Monitoring Program and other mainstem juvenile passage research for 1994 outmigration. In fall 1994, tasks were added to develop a monitoring and research program on the effects of gas bubble trauma (GBT) on migrating juvenile salmonids.  Non-lethal ways for assessing GBT were developed.

Publications:
Correlation of Biological Characteristics of Smolts with Survival & Travel Time DOE/BP 35245-1;   
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis DOE/BP 35245-2;   
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis DOE/BP 35245-3;   
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis DOE/BP 35245-4;   
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis DOE/BP 35245-5; 
Other Scientific Reports and Publications:
Beeman, J. W., D. W. Rondorf, and M. E. Tilson.  1994.  Assessing smoltification of juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) using changes in body morphology.  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 51:836-844.
Beeman, J. W., D. W. Rondorf,  M. E. Tilson, and D. A. Venditti.  1995.  A nonlethal measure of smolt status of juvenile steelhead based on body morphology.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 124:764-769.
Beeman, J. W. and D. W. Rondorf.  In review.   Estimating the effects of river flow and smoltification on the travel time of juvenile salmonids in the Columbia and Snake rivers.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society.
Haner, P. V., J. C. Faler, R. M. Schrock. D. W. Rondorf, and A. G. Maule. 1995. Skin reflectance as a non-lethal measure of smoltification for juvenile salmonids. North American Journal of Fish Management 15:814-822.
Jeney, Z., G. Jeney, and A.G. Maule. 1992. Cortisol measurements in fish. pages 157-166. in  J. S. Stolen, T. C. Fletcher, S. L. Kaattari, and A. F. Rowley (eds.) Techniques in Fish Immunology, 2. SOS Publications, Fair Haven, NJ.
Maule, A.G., and M.G. Mesa. 1994. Efficacy of electrofishing to assess plasma cortisol concentration in juvenile chinook salmon passing hydroelectric dams on the Columbia River. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 14:334-339.
Maule, A.G., D. Rondorf, J. Beeman, and P. Haner.1996. Incidence and severity of Renibacterium salmoninarum in spring chinook salmon in the Snake and Columbia rivers. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 8:37-46.
Maule, A.G., R. M. Schrock, C. Slater, M. S. Fitzpatrick, and C. B. Schreck. in press. Immune and endocrine responses of adult spring chinook salmon during freshwater migration and sexual maturation. Fish and Shellfish Immunology.
Schrock, R. M., J. W. Beeman, D. W. Rondorf, and P. V. Haner.  1994.  A microassay for gill sodium, potassium-activated ATPase in juvenile pacific salmonids.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123:223-229.

Results:
This project provides an annual assessment of smolt condition to assist the management of the Water Budget and other flow augmentation to the best advantage of emigrating juvenile salmon and steelhead.  Ideally, the information this SMP project provides would be tracked from its use in decision-making for mainstem flow and spill management to effects of these actions on smolt survival and subsequent adult returns.  The benefits of this project, in terms of improvements to in-river smolt survival, have not been directly measured.  However, the time series information this projects provides, will certainly contribute to the evaluation of the relationship between environmental conditions, smolt condition, smolt survival and adult production once we have adequate evaluation tools to measure survival through the different life stages.  In the mean time, an evaluation of the effectiveness of yearly downstream migration protection actions is contained in the annual reports of the FPC.  The FPC reports analyze and synthesize the information from this project together with the information collected by all other SMP projects and other environmental information.  A relative measure of progress can be obtained by comparing the results of these reports over the years.Other results include: 1.  Development of smolt-condition index information for juvenile chinook and sockeye salmon, and steelhead will be in for real-time decision making.    This information will be used together with other smolt migration data to adjust Water Budget flows to increase the efficiency of flow augmentation and to better delineate the physiological bases of travel times.    2.  Physiological status and health information from clinical assays will be used to: (1) verify smolt condition index information; (2) interpret the post season analyses of travel time; (3) verify in season Water Budget management; and (4) help evaluate the relationship between smolt condition and adult production.    3.  Knowledge gained from downstream passage physiological monitoring studies will complement research in the areas of hatchery effectiveness and disease.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide annual information on smoltification and prevalence of disease in groups of juvenile salmon and steelhead used in integrated Smolt Monitoring Program and other mainstem passage monitoring and research projects.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide annual information on smoltification and prevalence of disease in groups of juvenile salmon and steelhead used in integrated Smolt Monitoring Program and other mainstem passage monitoring and research projects.

ProjectBackground:
This project addresses smolt monitoring activities, specifically program measures 303(d)(1) and related action item 2.2 of the 1987 Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.  It was initiated in 1987 to provide a reliable time series of information on smolt condition to assist the in-season management of the Water Budget and other flow augmentation to the best advantage of emigrating juvenile salmon and steelhead in the Columbia and Snake rivers.  Specific objectives of the project have been to:1) Emphasize the use of non-lethal techniques to monitor smolt condition.2) Collect, analyze, and report biological information on the condition and smoltification of wild and hatchery-reared juvenile salmon and steelhead migrants in the Columbia and Snake rivers.3) Report smolt condition data real-time to the Fish Passage Center (FPC) to improve the scientific information on which to base in-season flow and spill management decisions directed  toward improving passage conditions for juvenile salmon and steelhead in the lower Columbia river.4) Analyze the collected data and utilize the gained knowledge and learning to improve the effectiveness of  hydrosystem operations to protect juvenile salmonids and improve their passage survival through the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS).In fall 1994, tasks were added to develop a monitoring and research program on the effects of gas bubble trauma (GBT) on migrating juvenile salmonids.  Non-lethal ways for assessing GBT were developed.

ShortTitle:
TRAVEL TIME AND SURVIVAL SMOLT PHYSIOLOGY

LongTitle:
Assessment of Smolt Condition for Travel Time Analysis


Milestones:
The new 9,300 square foot wet and dry lab facility was cooperatively built using BPA and Oregon State University funds near the latter's campus at Corvallis, Oregon.

Results:
The lab houses up to 500 aquaria and provides facilities to conduct research on diseases affecting Columbia River Basin salmon and steelhead.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assist in constructing a wet and dry fish research lab in conjuction with Oregon State University.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assist in constructing a wet and dry fish research lab at Corvallis, OR, in conjuction with Oregon State University.

ProjectBackground:
Additional lab facilities were needed in the region for research purposes.

ShortTitle:
CONSTRUCT CORVALLIS FISH DISEASE LABORATORY

LongTitle:
Construct Corvallis Fish Disease Laboratory


Milestones:
This project reviewed existing information to identify effects on wildlife in the Clearwater River from the development and operation of Dworshak Dam.

Publications:
Phase I:  Wildlife Protection, Mitigation & Enhancement Planning Dworshak Reservoir DOE/BP 35333-1

Results:
Effects of wildlife from the building and operation of Dworshak Dam.The project conclusion recommended undertaking a study using a habitat evaluation procedure to quantify wildlife habitat impacts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Review existing information to identify effects on wildlife from the development and operation of Dworshak Dam. Cover the Clearwater River below the dam and the eagle/osprey situation at Dworshak reservoir.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review existing information to identify effects on wildlife from the development and operation of Dworshak Dam. Include the Clearwater River below the dam and the eagle/osprey situation at Dworshak reservoir.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of the  Dworshak Dam had had a significant impact on wildlife and wildlife habitat.


ProjectTitle:
NPT DWORSHAK MODEL DEVELOPMENT (RAINBOW/BASS)

Milestones:
The Nez Perce identified critical uncertainties in managing this fishery.  Continued study designs to assess population, and age and growth determinations of resident fishery at Dworshak reservoir.  C-14 and primary productivity studies were also undertaken. Assisted EIS on resident fish work group of Systems Operation Review (SOR).  Continued monthly creel census, food studies, fish population samplings, and age and growth determinations.Obtained current data base for fish stocks (rainbow trout, smallmouth bass, and forage species) in Dworshak Reservoir.  Formulation of protection, mitigation, and enhancement opportunities for these fish stocks;  Established food habits of rainbow trout, population dynamics and habitat preferences of smallmouth bass,  and the status of other forage species.  Electrofishing in selected areas to augment population data of rainbow trout, smallmouth bass, and forage species.  Assess status of forage species such as redside shiners and crayfish.  Analyze data to determine impacts of reservoir operation on smallmouth bass.

Publications:
Dworshak Reservoir Investigations:  Trout, Bass, & Forage Species DOE/BP 35165-1;   
Dworshak Reservoir Investigations:  Trout, Bass, & Forage Species DOE/BP 35165-2;   
Dworshak Reservoir Investigations:  Trout, Bass, & Forage Species DOE/BP 35165-3;

Results:
The results of this study and that of BPA Project 8709900, including fishery management recommendations, were combined in a comprehensive reservoir management plan in 1991.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess losses of resident fishery at Dworshak Dam and undertake studies of rianbow trout and smallmouth bass. Gather thermal/physical/chemical data, primary productivity, zooplankton and benthic data for M&E of impacts from Dworshak operations.  Apply data to formulate biological/integrated rule curves.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess losses of resident fishery at Dworshak Dam. Study rainbow trout and smallmouth bass. Gather physical & biological data for M&E of impacts from Dworshak operations.  Apply data to formulate biological/integrated rule curves. See also 8709900.

ProjectBackground:
The study is designed to assess the impacts of the original construction and current operation of Dworshak Dam on the resident fishery, speecifically rainbow trout and smallmouth bass.  This project functions in conjunction with 8709900.

ShortTitle:
NEZ PERCE DWORSHAK MODEL FOR RAINBOW TROUT & BASS

LongTitle:
Nez Perce Tribe Dworshak Reservoir Investigations: Trout, Bass, and Forage Species


Milestones:
The contractor filmed work activities associated with the BPA funded sturgeon projects 83031600 and 8605000.  The contractor produced 30 minutes of unedited film. Filming took place on John Day Reservoir near Rufus, Oregon, and at the University of Washington in Seattle.

Results:
Audio-visual materials: suitable not only for broadcast media press release, but for educational presentations, public service announcements, for scientific purposes, and as a project record.

ProjectShortDescription:
Film activities associated with BP funded sturgeon projects (8331600 & 8605000).  Focus will be on the John Day Reservoir.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Film activities associated with BPA funded sturgeon projects (8331600 & 8605000).  Focus was on the John Day Reservoir.

LongTitle:
Film John Day Reservoir Stugeon Activities


Milestones:
This was an interim flow enhancement project, which provided for pumping at existing irrigation pumps to enhance flows in river below Three Mile Dam via a water exchange.  The project was implemented during spring and fall 1987.

Results:
Water for Umatilla River below Three Mile Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide for pumping at existing irrigation pumps to enhance flows in the Umatilla River below Three Mile Dam via a water exchange (see 8805000 and 8902700)

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide for pumping at existing irrigation pumps to enhance flows in the Umatilla River below Three Mile Dam via a water exchange (see 8805000 and 8902700).

ProjectBackground:
Although BPA had funded efforts to enhance the lower channel of the Umatilla River, low flows were negating that effort. After the success of this projected it was continued during the spring and fall 1988 as Project 8805000.  Later it was replaced by Project 8902700 after Federal authorizing legislation had been passed.


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA/THREE MILE DAM A/V PROJ REC RE:  87-134

Milestones:
The Contractor produced a 15-minute film, "The Umatilla Story," depicting activities in the Umatilla subbasin. Focus was on the Umatilla River and the efforts at or near Three Mile Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce 15 minute film depicting BPA activities in the Umatilla subbasin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce 15 minute film depicting BPA activities in the Umatilla subbasin.

ShortTitle:
FILM UMATILLA RIVER AND THREE MILE DAM ENHANCEMENT

LongTitle:
Film Umatilla River and Three Mile Dam Restoration


ProjectTitle:
IDAHO/SALMON & CLEARWATER RIVER A/V  RE:  87-134

Milestones:
The contractor filmed work activities associated with the BPA-funded anadromous fish habitat improvement projects in Idaho (i.e., projects 8335900, 8400500, 8400600, and 8402400).  The contractor produced 60 minutes of unedited film. Filming took place at: the Middle Fork of the Salmon River, near Loman, Idaho; Elk Creek on the Middle Fork of the Salmon River; Red and Crooked Rivers, tributaries of the Clearwater River; and, Lolo Creek on the South Fork of the Clearwater River.

Results:
Audio-visual materials suitable not only for broadcast media press release, but for educational presentations, public service announcements, for scientific purposes, and as a project record.

ProjectShortDescription:
Film activities associated with BPA-funded anadromous fish habitat improvement projects in Idaho (8335900)

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Film activities associated with BPA-funded anadromous fish habitat improvement projects in Idaho ( see projects 8335900, 8400500, 8400600, and 8402400).

ShortTitle:
FILM BPA FISH ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITIES IN IDAHO

LongTitle:
Film BPA Fish Enhancement Activities in Idaho (Salmon and Clearwater Rivers)


ProjectTitle:
LITERATURE REVIEW OF FLOW FLUCTUATIONS EFFECTS

Milestones:
This project was a personal services contract to Mr.  Richard Harper, Hydrosystems Modeling Analyst, to assist the limited staff and time resources of BPA's Division of Fish and Wildlife in tasks, including: (1) conducting a detailed and thorough review of all the available literature on the effects of hydrosystem flow fluctuations on migrating adult and juvenile salmon and steelhead trout populations; (2) assisting with the development of specific juvenile and adult passage research goals, objectives, and study designs; (3) analyzing the impacts of juvenile salmon and steelhead transportation from all projects to below Bonneville Dam; and (4) assisting Division staff with an analysis of future smolt monitoring program fish marking needs and assessment of incorporating PIT-Tags into the existing program.

Results:
1.  Contractor provided technical assistance to Division Staff on a diverse range of Columbia River mainstem fish passage research and monitoring issues.  2.  A summary of flow fluctuation impacts to migrating salmon and steelhead, with special reference to the Hanford Reach Vernita Bar fall Chinook salmon stock was completed.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance on Columbia R fish passage research and monitoring issues. Summarize flow fluctuation impacts to migrating salmonids.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance on Columbia River fish passage research and monitoring issues. Summarize flow fluctuation impacts to migrating salmonids. Focus also on the Hanford Reach and Vernita Bar.

ProjectBackground:
A review of literature on certain salmonid issues was necessary.

ShortTitle:
LITERATURE REVIEW OF FLOW FLUCTUATIONS EFFECTS

LongTitle:
Literature Review Of Flow Fluctuations Effects


ProjectTitle:
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE DIVISION OF F & W

Milestones:
Task orders are issued to assist the limited staff and time resources of BPA's Division of Fish and Wildlife through the services of a uniquely qualified professional staff able to provide technical assistance on diverse fish and wildlife issues.  Since its initiation in 1987, numerous task orders have been completed under this agreement, including 1.  Review of BPA's anadromous fish passage assessment methods.    2.  Review of Project 8404600, Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease in Salmon;    3.  Review of relevant statistics and reports on population dynamics of Hanford Reach fall chinook salmon.    4.  Conduct a workshop on smolt survival.:

Publications:
Impact of Redd Loss at Vernita Bar on Hanford Reach Chinook Salmon Production, Final Report 1988 DOE/BP 35885-1;   
Smolt Survival Workshop, February 1-3, 1989 DOE/BP 35885-2

ProjectShortDescription:
Review information pertaining to population dynamics and flow requirements for fall chinook in the Hanford Reach. Participate in the NPPC Technical Work Groups. Investigate travel time and mortality of migrating juvenile salmon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review information pertaining to population dynamics & flow requirements for fall chinook. Study Hanford Reach & Vernita Bar. Participate in the NPPC Technical Work Groups. Investigate travel time and mortality of migrating juvenile salmon.

ProjectBackground:
This project is a Fish and Wildlife Task Order Agreement with the University of Washington for Technical Assistance.

ShortTitle:
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR BPA FISH & WILDLIFE

LongTitle:
Technical Assistance to the BPA Division of Fish and Wildlife: Special focus on Impact of Redd Loss at Vernita Bar on Hanford Reach Chinook Salmon Production


ProjectTitle:
FISH SURV & SMOLT PHYSIOLOGY BEHAVIOR WORKSHOPS

ShortTitle:
FISH SURVIVAL & SMOLT PHYSIOLOGY BEHAVIOR WORKSHOP

LongTitle:
Fish Survival and Smolt Physiology Behavior Workshops


ProjectTitle:
ANAL OF HISTRIC DATA FOR JUVENILE/ADULT SALM PROD

Milestones:
The objectives of this project were to: 1.  Phase I: a.  Develop the statistical framework for the use of existing coded-wire tag (CWT) data to estimate contribution and survival rates of Columbia River hatchery stocks from time of release until they first enter the commercial fisheries.  b.  Assemble the CWT data and generate the adult contribution and survival rates.  c.  Examine the variability of the survival estimates from the analysis of CWT data and assess the probability of determining survival changes related to factors in the freshwater riverine environment.  2.  Phase II: Initiate work to relate the CWT survival estimates to factors operating in the riverine environment that affect survival and production, including flow during the smolt outmigration. Phase II assembled riverine factors and explored relating CWT survival estimates to factors operating in the riverine environment, including flow during smolt outmigration.  Results of research to date presented at September 1-3, 1992 BPA Project Review.

Publications:
Analysis of Historic Data for Juvenile & Adult Salmonid Production:  Phase I DOE/BP 35885-5.  
The Relationship Between Survival of Columbia River Fall Chinook Salmon and Inriver Environmental Factors--Analysis of Historic Data for Juvenile and Adult Salmonid Production:  Phase II DOE/BP 35885-10

Results:
1.  A potentially new approach to examine impacts of in-river conditions on survival from time of release to time of entry into commercial fisheries.  2.  Provide estimates of smolt to adult survival of know precision and accuracy.  3.  Provide a method for producing fishery contribution rates for different hatchery stocks that are not dependent on escapement.  4.  Provide an assessment of the ability to isolate and relate major factors influencing adult production and survival.  5.  Provide guidance on how to proceed in mainstem Columbia River survival research.  6.  Provide a data base on adult production and survival estimates that will be available for future researchers for consideration of all aspects of Columbia River salmonid management.  7.  Address the Program directive to examine relationships between flows and subsequent adult returns.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop valid methodologies to evaluate the effectiveness of Program measures at the adult life stage.   Assemble data base of survival estimates from CWT data; analyze river factors that affect salmonid production.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop valid methodologies to evaluate the effectiveness of Program measures at the adult life stage.   Assemble data base of survival estimates from CWT data; analyze river factors that affect salmonid production.

ProjectBackground:
This research project addresses program measures 206(b)(1)(A) and related action item 6.2 of the 1987 Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

ShortTitle:
ANALYSIS OF HISTORIC DATA FOR JUVENILES & ADULT S

LongTitle:
Technical Assistance to the BPA Division of Fish and Wildlife: Focus on Analysis of Historic Data for Juvenile and Adult Salmon Production


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA ANADROMOUS FISH A/V REC  RE:  87-134

Milestones:
The contractor filmed activities taking place in the Yakima Basin including work associated with the BPA-funded anadromous fish projects 8201600 (Yakima Spring Chinook study), 8606500 (Snipes/Allen screens), 8608800 (Satus Creek screens and ladders), 8611200 (Toppenish/Westside/Ellensburg screens), 8706200 (Stevens/Naches/Selah screens), 8710800 (Westside Ditch screens), 8710900 (Marion Drain screens), and 8712300 (Yakima Hatchery).  The contractor produced 60 minutes of unedited film. Filming took place at several locations along the Yakima River from Cle Elum, Washington to Richland, Washington.

Results:
Audio-visual materials - suitable not only for broadcast media press release, but for educational presentations, public service announcements, for scientific purposes, and as a project record.

ProjectShortDescription:
Film activities taking place in the Yakima Basisn anadromous fish projects (8201600).

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Film activities taking place in the Yakima Basisn anadromous fish projects: 8201600, 8606500, 8608800, 8611200, 8706200, 8710800, 8710900, 87123. Sites include Snipes/Allen, Satus Cr, Stevens/Naches/Selah, Toppenish/Westside/Ellensburg, Marion Drain, etc.

ShortTitle:
FILM YAKIMA FISH SCREEN AND LADDER PROJECTS

LongTitle:
Film Yakima Anadromous Fish  Screen and Ladder Projects


Milestones:
ODFW and the Umatilla Tribe led the process which was coordinated with regional fishery interests and Council Technical Work Groups.  Final plan was submitted to Council in February 1989 and approved in October 1989.

Results:
Master plan for fish operations in the Umatilla Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop master plan for Umatilla Hatchery production.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop master plan for Umatilla Hatchery production.

ProjectBackground:
The objective was to develop a master plan to guide hatchery production, management policies, outplanting, use of satellites, and M&E.


ProjectTitle:
PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS UMATILLA R/USBR - MAXWELL

Milestones:
Project improved passage at screens on Maxwell Canal by building new screens and bypass.  Designed/built by USBR summer 1989.

ProjectShortDescription:
Build new screens and bypass on  Maxwell Canal, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Build new screens and bypass on  Maxwell Canal, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Maxwell Canal diversion screens were not functioning effectively.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS - MAXWELL DIVERSION

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Passage Improvements - Maxwell Diversion Fish Passage Facilities-


ProjectTitle:
PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS UMATILLA R/USBR - COLD SPRNGS

Milestones:
Project improved passage at Cold Springs (Feed Canal) Diversion by improving ladder at diversion and building new screens on canal.  Designed/built by USBR 1989.

Results:
Improved passage at Cold springs Division.

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve ladder and construct new screens at Cold springs (Feed Canal) Diversion, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve ladder and construct new screens at Cold springs (Feed Canal) Diversion, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Feed Canal Diversion was impacting the passage of salmonids.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS - COLD SPRNGS

LongTitle:
Umatilla Passage Improvement - Cold Springs Diversion (Feed Canal)


Milestones:
Project was designed to address concerns about structural integrity of Westland diversion and to analyze potential effects of the new ladder on up and down streamflows, especially during floods.  Results were used in the final design and to obtain FEMA floodplain clearance.  USBR-Denver performed services.

Results:
Studies of the Westland Diversion passage project impacts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Address concerns about structural integrity of Westland diversion and anayze potential effects of new ladder on streamflow esp. during floods, Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Address concerns about structural integrity of Westland diversion in the Umatilla River Basin and analyze potential effects of new ladder on streamflow especially during floods.

ProjectBackground:
The Westland Diversion needed to be reviewed  in terms of fish passage and water flows.

LongTitle:
Hydraulic Review Of Westland Diversion, Umatilla Basin


ProjectTitle:
MULTI-PROJECTOR UMATILLA RIVER SLIDE SHOW

Milestones:
Provided all materials and/or services to prepare a 15-minute, multi-projector, 35 mm slide show on the Umatilla River Fish Projects.

Results:
Slide show on the Umatilla River fish projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Prepare 15 minute 35 mm slide show on the Umatilla River Fish Projects.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Prepare 15 minute 35 mm slide show on the Umatilla River Fish Projects.

LongTitle:
Multi-Projector Umatilla River Project Slide Show


ProjectTitle:
WATER BUDGET EFF/RESERVOIR MORTALITY TECH ASST

Milestones:
This projected funded a contractor to attend workgroup sessions and assist with the development of research study designs and to provide risk assessments associated with management decisions.  Additional tasks included the development of a mathematical model to assess the risk of juvenile salmon and steelhead trout travel time through the mainstem Columbia River hydrosystem

Results:
Assistance in the Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality Technical Work Group.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical input for the Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality Technical Work Group.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical input for the Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality Technical Work Group. Development of a mathematical model to assess the risk of juvenile salmon and steelhead trout travel time through the Columbia mainstem.

ProjectBackground:
A contractor was needed to assist BPA staff with technical analyses and input when participating in the Northwest Power Planning Council's Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality Technical Work Group..

LongTitle:
Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservior Mortality Technical Assistance


ProjectTitle:
DEMO SYSTEM FOR REMOVING MALACHITE GREEN

Milestones:
This project started with a microcolumn simulation to develop the specifications for two types of malachite green removal systems.  The first was a charcoal filter unit capable of filtering 50-150 gpm incubation water.  The second unit was to filter 500-1000 gpm of raceway rearing water.  The FDA gave the fishery community until 1989 to develop and test this filter technology. The three isomers contained in malachite green were required to be removed, however only two of these have color and these were the isomers removed.  An additional project 8904000 was brought on line to verify the third (colorless) isomer's presence or absence.

Publications:
Demonstration of a System for Removing Malachite Green DOE/BP 36834-1.  (A final report received stating carbon filters can remove malachite green: Demonstration of a System for Removing Malachite Green)

Results:
Determination if Malachite Green can be removed from water after its use as a fungicide.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop processes to remove the fungicide Malachite green from discharge waters of incubation and/or brood fish facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop processes to remove the fungicide Malachite green from discharge waters of incubation and/or brood fish facilities. Conducted in conjuction with project 8904000.

ProjectBackground:
If malachite green can be removed from discharge waters of incubation and/or brood fish facilities, it would allow the continued use of the drug/chemical as a fungicide.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP SYSTEM FOR REMOVING MALACHITE GREEN

LongTitle:
Develop a System for Removing Malachite Green


Milestones:
Prepared television news clips for Idaho News Broadcast made from existing videotape of workers enhancing salmon habitat in Idaho's Clearwater and Salmon Valleys, and of project and Tribal leaders discussing the projects, and salmon using the rejuvenated habitat.

ProjectShortDescription:
Prepare television news clips for Idaho News Broadcast on anadromous fish projects in the Salmon and Clearwater River Basins.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Prepare television news clips for Idaho News Broadcast on anadromous fish projects in the Salmon and Clearwater River Basins.

ShortTitle:
NEWSCLIPS OF IDAHO SALMON HABITAT PROJECTS

LongTitle:
Newclips of  Idaho Salmon Habitat Projects


Milestones:
The project estimated the net affects on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of The Dalles, John Day, and McNary Dams, and recommended protection, mitigation, and enhancement goals for target wildlife species affected by these facilities.

Publications:
Wildlife Impact Assessment:  Bonneville, McNary, The Dalles, & John Day Project DOE/BP 92430-1

Results:
Wildlife mitigation goals for The Dalles, John Day, and McNary Dams.

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimate impacts on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of The Dalles, McNary, and  John Day Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate impacts on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of The Dalles, McNary, and  John Day Dams. Recommend mitigation and enhancement goals for target wildlife species.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of the John Day, The Dalles, and McNary dams had had a significant impact on the wildlife and wildlife habitat of the region.

ShortTitle:
LOWER COLUMBIA HYDROPROJECTS WILDLIFE LOSSES

LongTitle:
Wildlife Impact Assessment for Lower Columbia River Hydroprojects:The Dalles, John Day, and McNary Dams


Milestones:
The project determined the following: 1  The feasibility of establishing a run of fall and/or summer Chinook salmon in the lower Clearwater river  2  Opportunities for enhancing steelhead rearing  The contractor (Nez Perce Tribe) completed a literature review and temperature/flow data analysis that indicated that Lower Clearwater River temperatures were generally suitable for fall and summer Chinook salmon reproduction  In FY 1991, the contractor completed quantification of instream habitat using Instream Flow Incremental Methodology, observation of current habitat use in the Lower Clearwater River by juvenile and adult fish, Chinook salmon incubation, rearing, and outmigration timing studies, and a Habitat Time Series Model which will be used to recommend flow and temperature regimes to optimize anadromous fish habitat within operational constraints of Dworshak Dam. Portions of the Snake, Grande Ronde, and Imnaha Rivers were also reviewed.

Publications:
Mainstem Clearwater River Study:  Assessment for Salmonid Spawning, Incubation & Rearing DOE/BP 37474-1. 
Mainstem Clearwater River Study:  Assessment for Salmonid Spawning, Incubation, & Rearing DOE/BP 37474-2. 
Mainstem Clearwater River Study:  Assessment for Salmonid Spawning, Incubation & Rearing DOE/BP 37474-3

Results:
Data useful in planning outplanting strategies for a proposed hatchery on the Nez Perce Reservation and to develop fishery enhancement strategies for the lower Clearwater River.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate existing anadromous fish habitat and the temperature regime in the lower Clearwater River and determine feasibility of establishing a run of fall  and/or summer chinook.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate existing anadromous fish habitat and the temperature regime in the lower Clearwater River and determine feasibility of establishing a run of fall  and/or summer chinook.

ProjectBackground:
he objective of this project was to evaluate existing anadromous fish habitat and the temperature regime in the lower Clearwater River in Idaho and some adjacent or nearby areas.

LongTitle:
Mainstem (Lower) Clearwater River Study:  Assesment for Salmonid Spawning, Incubation and Rearing


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA RIVER BASIN TRAP AND HAUL PROGRAM

Milestones:
Tribes and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife are performing this function.  Operations have been conducted on a year round basis since 1987.  A major activity has been shakedown of facility operation as it affects T&H ability.  Contractor has developed and refined criteria for operation. In 1993, an escalator was acquired to move smolts from trap to trailer at Westland. Spring 1993 provided the first operational experience with enhanced flows.Trap and Haul have been underway for about 5 years.  Experience gained has been used to refine operational criteria to some degree.  However, operations will still be on a provisional basis pending completion of Phase II water flow enhancement (planned for 1996-1997)..

Publications:
Umatilla River Basin Trap & Haul Program DOE/BP  98636-1;   
Trapping and Transportation of Adult and Juvenile Salmon in the Lower Umatilla River in Northeast Oregon-Umatilla River Basin Trap and Haul Program October 1994-September 1995 DOE/BP  98636-2;   
Trapping and Transportation of Adult and Juvenile Salmon in the Lower Umatilla River in Northeast Oregon, 1995-1996 DOE/BP  98636-3

Results:
Without this project, large portions of both spring and fall in- and out-migrations would not be able to survive passage obstacles.  This would severely limit ability to meet adult return objectives.  It would also seriously alter the genetic makeup of the existing runs because we would not be able to include a representative cross section in the broodstock program.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide low-water passage of fish in the lower Umatilla River by trapping fish and hauling to sections of the river with adequate water.  Project has immediate survival benefits for spring & fall chinook, coho, and steelhead.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide low-water passage of fish in the lower Umatilla River by trapping fish and hauling to sections of the river with adequate water.  Project has immediate survival benefits for spring & fall chinook, coho, and steelhead.

ProjectBackground:
An operational program to improve passage of adults and smolts under low water conditions between Westland and Three Mile diversions.  Involves use of traps at these facilities and hauling to watered portions of river.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA RIVER BASIN TRAP AND HAUL PROGRAM

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Basin Trap and Haul Program


ProjectShortDescription:
Internal BPA placeholder for program environmental costs.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for program environmental costs.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PROGRAM ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Program Environmental Costs


ProjectTitle:
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY - GALBRAITH SPRINGS

Milestones:
The sites for the Sherman Creek and Spokane Tribal hatcheries were surveyed for cultural resources prior to hatchery construction.

Results:
Cultural resources of the Sherman Creek and Spokane Tribal Hatchery sites.

ProjectShortDescription:
Survey site for cultural resources prior to Sherman Creek Hatchery construction.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Survey the sites of  Sherman Creek and Spokane Tribal Hatcheries for cultural resources prior to construction.

ProjectBackground:
Hatcheries were to be built and the sites needed to be surveyed and studied before construction began.

ShortTitle:
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY - GALBRAITH SPRINGS

LongTitle:
Archaeological Survey - Spokane Tribal Hatchery Site at Galbraith Springs


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR E - THREE MILE DAM PASSAGE

ProjectShortDescription:
Proposed internal engineering support project which was not funded

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Proposed internal engineering support project which was not funded

ShortTitle:
BPA - OVERHEAD COSTS ENGINEERING - THREE MILE DAM

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead Costs for Engineering - Three Mile Dam PassageO


ProjectTitle:
ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR UMATILLA PASSAGE

StatusDefinition:
Internal support porjects funded before the current year

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Umatilla Passage effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Umatilla Passage effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR UMATILLA PASSAGE

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Engineering Support for Umatilla Passage


ProjectTitle:
ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR UMATILLA HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Umatilla Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Umatilla Hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR UMATILLA HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Engineering Support for Umatilla Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR E - COLVILLE HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering for the Colville Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering for the Colville Hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA -OVERHEAD COST ENGINEERING - COLVILLE HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Overhead Costs for Engineering - Colville HatcheryO


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project,  i.e. BPA Engineering for the Yakima Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project,  i.e. BPA Engineering for the Yakima Hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR YAKIMA HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Engineering Support for Yakima Hatchery


ShortTitle:
BPA -OVERHEAD COST FOR ENGINEERING- JOHN DAY BASIN

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead Costs for Engineering - John day Basin


ProjectTitle:
ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR PRE-ENGINEERING PROJECTS

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, BPA Engineering support for pre-engineering projects.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, BPA Engineering support for pre-engineering projects.

ShortTitle:
BPA -ENGINEERING SUPPORT- PRE-ENGINEERING PROJECTS

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Engineering Support for Pre-engineering Projects


ProjectTitle:
BPA LANDS SUPPORT FOR PRE-ENGINEERING PROJECTS

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e.BPA Lands support for pre-engineering projects

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e.BPA Lands support for pre-engineering projects

ShortTitle:
BPA - LANDS SUPPORT FOR PRE-ENGINEERING PROJECTS

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Lands Support for Pre-Engineering Projects


ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - OVERHEAD (PERSONEL / TRAVEL)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal L - Overhead (Personel / Travel)


Milestones:
The project improved approximately 800 acres of key winter range by slashing and prescribed burning.  About 20 sites, primarily within the Lake Koocanusa basin were treated.

Publications:
Libby Dam Wildlife Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 93247-1

Results:
Improved winter range for mule deer and bighorn sheep.

ProjectShortDescription:
Initiate habitat improvement activities on Kootenai NF for mule deer and big horn sheep through slashing and burning 800 acres of key winter range.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Initiate habitat improvement activities in the Lake Koocanusa basin of the Kootenai NF for mule deer and big horn sheep through slashing and burning 800 acres of key winter range.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of the project was to initiate habitat improvement activities on Kootenai National Forest lands for mule deer and big horn sheep.

LongTitle:
Libby Dam (Lake Koocanusa Basin) Wildlife Habitat Enhancement


ProjectTitle:
CHIEF JOSEPH DAM WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY & MITIGATION

Milestones:
The project estimated the net affects on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation, and recommended protection, mitigation, and enhancement goals for target wildlife species affected by Chief Joseph Dam.

Publications:
Wildlife Habitat Impact Assessment Chief Joseph Project, Washington Project Report 1992 DOE/BP 14775-1

Results:
Wildlife mitigation goals for the Chief Joseph Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimate impacts on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Chief Joseph Dam on wildlife and recommend mitigation efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate impacts on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Chief Joseph Dam on wildlife and recommend mitigation and enhancement goals for target wildlife species.

ProjectBackground:
Construction of the Chief Joseph Dam had had a significant impact on wildlife and wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
CHIEF JOSEPH DAM WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY & MITIGATION

LongTitle:
Chief Joseph Dam Wildlife Loss and Mitigation Study


Milestones:
Project occurred in the spring and fall 1987 and spring and fall 1988.  It was replaced by Project 89-027-00 when Federal authorizing legislation was passed.

Results:
Increased flows in the lower three miles of the Umatilla River

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide for interim flow enhancement form the Umatilla River below Three Mile Dam via water exchange.  Project was replaced by 8902700.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide for interim flow enhancement form the Umatilla River below Three Mile Dam via water exchange.  Project was replaced by 8902700.

ProjectBackground:
This was an interim flow enhancement project which provided for pumping at existing irrigation pumps to enhance flows in the Umatilla River below Three Mile Dam via a water exchange

ShortTitle:
WEID  MAIN CANAL PUMPING - UMATILLA BASIN

LongTitle:
Weid Main Canal Pumping Project, Umatilla Basin


ProjectTitle:
NE ORE SPRING CHINOOK OUTPLANTING / FACILITY

Milestones:
The Technical Work Group was organized and assisted in the developments of the hatchery master plan  The master plan was scheduled to be completed in 1992.  JMM Consulting Engineers, Inc., performed site investigations and conceptual design for facilities to meet project production objectives  The conceptual design will be incorporated into the master plans  The contract was modified to allow for additional hydrological investigations by means of well drilling and production testing  Also, siting and concept design for two EIP projects have been incorporated into the contract  These are Measure 2.2--Wenaha/Minam, and Measure 2.3--Portable Trapping.  This project was split into components (see projects 8805301, 8805302, 9905303, 8805304, 8805304) based on both subbasins and agencies involved.

Publications:
Northeast Oregon Hatchery Project-Conceptual Design Report DOE/BP 11466-1
Northeast Oregon Hatchery Project-Final Siting Report DOE/BP 11466-2

Results:
Steps towards a tentative hatchery master plan.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce site feasibility and conceptual design for artificial production facilities in Walla Walla, Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins.  Hood River Basin was initially contained in this project and later another separate project was created for it (8805303).

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce site feasibility and conceptual design for artificial production facilities in Walla Walla, Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins.  Hood River Basin was initially contained in this project and later another separate project was created for it (8805303).

ProjectBackground:
BPA was deemed responsible for planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance, and evaluation of artificial production facilities to raise Chinook salmon and steelhead for enhancement in the Hood, Umatilla, Walla Walla, Grande Ronde, and Imnaha Rivers in Oregon.  The artificial production facilities were to be used to supplement natural production in these rivers.

ShortTitle:
NE OREGON SPRING CHINOOK HATCHERY PLANNING

LongTitle:
Northeast Oregon Spring chinook Hatchery and Outplanting Facilities


Milestones:
A Master Plan was developed for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and evaluation of artificial production facilities to raise spring Chinook and steelhead for enhancement in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha Rivers  The artificial production facilities will supplement natural production in these rivers.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop the Imnaha and Grande Ronde Master Plans covering production, supplmention, genetics, etc.  Develop facility designs and costs with schedule for implementation..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop the Imnaha and Grande Ronde Master Plans covering production, supplmention, genetics, etc.  Develop facility designs and costs with schedule for implementation..

ProjectBackground:
This project was initiated as one of the Northeast Oregon Hatchery Projects to improve fish production in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha subbasins via hatchery and weir development.  The NE Oregon Hatchery Master Plan was separated into respective components based on subbasins and agencies involved. This contract was with the Nez Perce Tribe.

ShortTitle:
NE OREGON OUTPLANTING FACILITIES PLAN - NEZ PERCE

LongTitle:
Northeast Oregon Spring Chinook Hatchery and Outplanting Facilities Master Plan - Nez Perce


Milestones:
A Master Plan was developed for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and evaluation of artificial production facilities to raise spring Chinook and steelhead for enhancement in the Umatilla and Walla Walla Rivers  The artificial production facilities will supplement natural production in these rivers.  Starting in 1982, the upper Grande Ronde River and Catherine Creek were target areas for outplanting production from Lookingglass Hatchery as a part of the LSRCP.  However, no satellite juvenile acclimation/release facilities were ever constructed under the LSRCP at these locations.  The need for satellite facilities has repeatedly been proposed as a part of the following efforts:

Results:
The benefit of this plan will be to provide facilities to allow the protection of threatened or endangered species of salmon in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha Rivers and to continue the restoration of salmon in the Umatilla River and to begin restoration of salmon in Walla Walla River has been slowed because of the Endangered Species Act and other things.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct spring chinook juvenile acclimation/release and adult capture facilities in the upper Grande Ronde River and Catherine Creek in the Grande Ronde Basin. Utilize facilities to supplement the seriously depressed natural producing spring chinook populations.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct spring chinook juvenile acclimation/release & adult capture facilities in the upper Grande Ronde R and Catherine Cr in the Grande Ronde Basin. Utilize facilities to supplement the seriously depressed natural producing spring chinook populations.

ProjectBackground:
The NE Oregon Hatchery Master Plan was separated into respective components based on subbasins and agencies involved. This contract was with the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation.

ShortTitle:
NE OREGON OUTPLANTING FACILITIES PLAN - CTUIR

LongTitle:
Northeast Oregon Spring chinook Hatchery and Outplanting Facilities Master Plan- Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation


ProjectTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION PROGRAM - CTWSIR: M & E

Milestones:
A Master Plan was developed for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and evaluation of artificial production facilities to raise spring Chinook and steelhead for enhancement in the Hood River  The artificial production facilities will supplement natural production in this river.  The funding extension allowed for coordination activity by Tribal members to carry the Master Plan through NPPC action .   The Northwest Power Planning Council approved the Hood River and Pelton ladder master plans in 1992.  The program implemented in the Hood River subbasin was initially called the Hood River Production Program (HRPP) and was designed to improve natural production of summer and winter steelhead and re-establish spring chinook salmon in the subbasin.  ODFW began funding the wild winter steelhead component of the program in December, 1991 along with the collection of pre-implementation data on life history and production information. BPA began funding the monitoring and evaluation component of HRPP in August of 1992 and began preparing the programs EIS in 1995; which is planned for completion by the spring of 1996.  The HRPP includes the development of hatchery facilities in the subbasin.  A road to the proposed Powerdale Dam hatchery collection facility is approximately 90% complete and acclimation sites are in the process of being developed for use in 1996.  The Powerdale Dam collection facility is currently under construction and is planned for completion in the fall of 1996.  Modifications to the programs rearing facilities in Pelton ladder were completed in the fall of 1995.  The HRPP is a coordinated effort between ODFW and CTWS.

Publications:
Hood River Production Master Plan DOE/BP 00631-1.  
Hood River Production Master Plan - Appendices DOE/BP 00631-2

Results:
Master plan for artificial production on the Hood River.

ProjectShortDescription:
Implement actions outlined in the Hood River and Pelton Ladder Master Plans pertaining to acclimation and habitat.  Coordinate Pelton Ladder production.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Originally part of the NE OR Hatchery Project this was separated out later. Implement actions outlined in the Hood River and Pelton Ladder Master Plans pertaining to acclimation and habitat.  Coordinate Pelton Ladder production.

ProjectBackground:
The Hood River portion of the Northeast Oregon Master Plan project (8805300) was separated out into its own Master Plan as 8805303. This contract was with the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation.

LongTitle:
Hood River (and Pelton Ladder) Production Program - CTWSIR: M&E


ProjectTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION PROGRAM - ODFW: M & E

Milestones:
The sequence of milestones were: 1. Hood River Master Plan; 2. Hood River / Pelton Ladder Master Agreement (outlines work schedules);  3. Initiation and near completion of baseline studies.  4. Initiation of NEPA analysis (an EIS due December 1995 and before a decision is to be made to implement the management actions outlined in the Master Plan.

Publications:
Hood River and Pelton Ladder Evaluation Studies DOE/BP 81758-1

Results:
A master plan has been developed focusing on the use of Pelton Ladder to supply fish for the Hood River project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Implement actions outlined in the Hood River Master Plan via a series of M&E actions in the Hood River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Monitor and evaluate the various actions, implemented under the Hood River Production Program to re-establish spring chinook salmon in the subbasin and to improve natural production of summer and winter steelhead.

ProjectBackground:
This project was initiated as one of the Northeast Oregon Hatchery Projects.  It has evolved into a Fishery Management Project that will use a range of management techniques to re-establish a population of spring chinook and improve the numbers of steelhead in the Hood River Basin without adversely impacting the existing aquatic ecosystem.The Hood River Production Program is a joint effort between Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs and ODFW.  Accordingly, the actions of this contract with ODFW represent one half of the combined actions needed to complete the  monitoring and evaluation studies in the Hood River.   Note that the evaluation responsibilities of the two agencies are different.  ODFW is not responsible for evaluation actions in Pelton Ladder.   CTWS has evaluation responsibilities for both the Hood River and Pelton Ladder.   This difference in responsibilities explains the difference in funding for the two evaluation studies.

LongTitle:
Hood River (Pelton Ladder) Production Program - ODFW


ProjectTitle:
NE ORE OUTPLNTG FACILITIES MSTR PLAN - ODFW

Milestones:
Develop the Imnaha and Grande Ronde Master Plans covering production, supplementation, genetics, etc.  Develop facility designs and costs with schedule for implementation.  Construct and startup new facilities

ProjectShortDescription:
ODFW imput on Northeast Oregon artificial production/supplementation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
ODFW imput on Northeast Oregon artificial production and supplementation (Imnaha and Grande Ronde Master Plans covering production, supplementation, genetics, etc.)

ProjectBackground:
This project was initiated as one of the Northeast Oregon Hatchery Projects to improve fish production in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha subbasins via hatchery and weir development.  The NE Oregon Hatchery Master Plan was separated into respective components based on subbasins and agencies involved.

ShortTitle:
NE OREGON OUTPLANTING FACILITIES  PLAN - ODFW

LongTitle:
Northeast Oregon Outplanting Facilities Master Plan, ODFW imput


ProjectTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION PROGRAM HATCHERY O&M

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Operations and maintenance of Deschutes Basin hatcheries which provide fish for the Hood River system.

ShortTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION PROGRAM HATCHERY O&M

LongTitle:
Hood River Production Program Hatchery  O&M


LongTitle:
Parkdale Fish Facility - Operation and Maintenance


ProjectTitle:
HOOD RIVER - POWERDALE/OAK SPRINGS O&M - ODFW

ShortTitle:
HOOD RIVER - POWERDALE/OAK SPRINGS O&M - ODFW


ProjectTitle:
NE OREGON OUTPLANTING FACILITIES MSTR PLAN(NPT)O&M

StatusDefinition:
Project new for the current year but no contract yet established

ShortTitle:
NE OREGON OUTPLANTING FACILITIES MSTR PLAN(NPT)O&M


ProjectTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION PROGRAM - CTWSIR (NEPA)

ProjectShortDescription:
Internal NEPA support on the Hood River Production program.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Internal NEPA support on the Hood River Production program.

ShortTitle:
BPA -HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION PROGRAM - CTWSIR (NEPA)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Hood River Roduction Program - CTWSIR (NEPA)


ProjectTitle:
SPOKANE (GALBRAITH SPRINGS) TRIBAL HATCHERY

Milestones:
The master plan project was funded for two years, 1990-1991. It was determined that all eggs will be incubated at the Tribal facility, where early rearing will also occur  After rearing, some of the fry will be transported to the Sherman Creek facility on Lake Roosevelt, where they will be imprinted and released  Eventually, the adults will return to Sherman Creek, captured and spawned, and provide the broodstock for the developing fishery. Decisions on hatchery production, stocking and outplanting locations will be coordinated by the Spokane Tribe of Indians, the Washington Department of Wildlife, and the Colville Confederated Tribes  During the summer months when there are no kokanee at the Spokane Tribal Hatchery, rainbow trout will be raised, ultimately for transfer to net pens in Lake Roosevelt where they will be further reared and released to provide for additional angling opportunities. When completed and at maximum capacity, the two hatcheries will provide 8.4 million fish for Lake Roosevelt and 5 million fish for Banks Lake, resulting in 3.1 million and 1.9 million harvestable-sized kokanee, respectively.

Results:
Master plan for the operation of the Spokane Tribal Hatchery and the Sherman Creek Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Design and Construct Sherman Creek and Galbraith Springs hatcheries and create master plan for joint operation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Design and Construct Sherman Creek and Galbraith Springs (Spokane Tribal) hatcheries and create master plan for joint operation. Hatcheries will produce kokanee for outplanting in Lake Roosevelt and Banks Lake.

ProjectBackground:
Two facilities, one on the Spokane Indian Reservation, and one at Sherman Creek, will be operated in conjunction to produce kokanee for outplanting in Lake Roosevelt and Banks Lake

ShortTitle:
SPOKANE (GALBRAITH SPRINGS) TRIBAL HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Create Master Plan, Design and Construct the Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) and Sherman Creek Hatcheries


ProjectTitle:
MONITOR & EVAL IMPROV PRJCTS - LAKE ROOSEVELT

Milestones:
Collection and analysis of data from population studies, tagging fish,  Determine the effectiveness of hatchery releases into the wild system,.  This project is focusing on identifying the numbers of fish lost through entrainment (going through dams).  Also, the collection of zooplankton and benthic organisms assists in identifying fish food habits and needs.Stock status of principal species are being determined to aid managers of resource.  Baseline data for productivity, chemical/physical parameters, etc., has been gathered and now will be monitored to determine effectiveness of FDR kokanee salmon plants and stream improvement projects.

Publications:
Measurement of Lake Roosevelt Biota in Relation to Reservoir Operations DOE/BP 01810-8;   
Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program DOE/BP 91819-1; 
Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program, Appendices DOE/BP 91819-2;   
Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program DOE/BP 91819-3;  
Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program, Appendices DOE/BP 91819-4;   
Measurement of Thyroxin Concentration as an Indicator of the Critical Period for Imprinting in the Kokanee Salmon (Orcorhynchus Nerka):  Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Hatcheries DOE/BP 91819-5;   
Artificial Imprinting of Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) with Synthetic Chemicals:  Measurement of Thyroxine Content as an Indicator or the Sensitive Period for Imprinting to Olfactory Cues DOE/BP 91819-6;   
Thyroid-Induced Chemical Imprinting in Early Life Stages and Assessment of Smoltification in Kokanee Salmon: Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Hatcheries DOE/BP 91819-7;   
Measurement of Lake Roosevelt Biota in Relation To Reservoir Operations-APPENDICES DOE/BP 91819-9;   
Artificial Imprinting & Smoltification in Juvenile Kokanee Salmon: Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Hatcheries DOE/BP 91819-10; 
Measurement of Lake Roosevelt Biota in Relation to Reservoir Operations--Draft Report DOE/BP 91819-11;   
Measurement of Lake Roosevelt Biota in Relation to Reservoir Operations-Draft Appendices DOE/BP 91819-12;   
Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program DOE/BP 91819-13;   Lake Roosevelt Fisheries and Limnological Research DOE/BP 91819-14;   
Lake Roosevelt Fisheries and Limnological Research DOE/BP 91819-15

Results:
Data for management of Lake Roosevelt resident fish management.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess status of kokanee stocks in Lake Roosevelt and measure the success of projects in hatcheries through monitoring and evaluation.  Determine losses of kokanee and rainbow caused by entrainment at Grand Coulee Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess status of kokanee stocks in Lake Roosevelt and measure the success of projects in hatcheries through monitoring and evaluation.  Determine losses of kokanee and rainbow caused by entrainment at Grand Coulee Dam.

ProjectBackground:
This project was initiated in July, l988 to monitor the success and measure the effectiveness of hatcheries and stream improvements projects to the resident fishery in Lake Roosevelt.

ShortTitle:
LAKE ROOSEVELT KOKANEE & STREAM PROJECTS  M&E

LongTitle:
Lake Roosevelt Monitoring Program to Evaluate Effectiveness of Kokanee Hatcheries and Habitat Improvement Projects


ProjectTitle:
EXPRMNTL STURGEON HTCH & KOOTENAI WH STURG INVST

Milestones:
Designed  and constructed a low-cost experimental sturgeon hatchery on the Kootenai Reservation in Idaho.  The hatchery was completed and dedicated on June 6, 1991.  Spawn has been obtained and young sturgeon reared.1989-1994:  Construction of an Experimental Hatchery that has demonstrated eggs and sperm from Kootenai River white sturgeon are viable, can be raised to a size large enough to be PIT tagged and released into the river (n=114 in 1992).  Developed broodstock collection techniques and spawning methodologies for white sturgeon.  One promising technique is hand stripping eggs from females instead of C-section.  Released several hundred juvenile sturgeon raised in the hatchery to determine habitat, growth rates and migration patterns.  In coordination with IDFG monitors natural spawning of white sturgeon in the Kootenai River due to sturgeon flow proposals (1993 and 1994).  Spawning ground surveys in Kootenai River tributaries below Kootenai Falls (1993 and 1994).1994-2000:  Reestablish white sturgeon year classes in the Kootenai River during this period either through natural production or from aquaculture practices.  1994-2000:  Determine the most effective adaptive river management operations to ensure repeatable natural spawning and recruitment of white sturgeon in the Kootenai River.

Publications:
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Studies DOE/BP 93743-1

ProjectShortDescription:
Design, construct, and operate a sturgeon hatchery on the Kootenai Reservation, Idaho.  Look at alternative uses for the hatchery all year round.  Monitor and evaluate natural spawning of white sturgeon in response to Libby Dam discharge.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Design, construct, and operate a sturgeon hatchery on the Kootenai Reservation, Idaho.  Look at alternative uses for the hatchery all year round.  Monitor and evaluate natural spawning of white sturgeon in response to Libby Dam discharge.

ProjectBackground:
The project started in 1988 in response to the virtual absence of white sturgeon recruitment in the Kootenai River since 1974.  Since then the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho began designing, building and operating an experimental aquaculture facility to address factors responsible for the lack of natural white sturgeon recruitment.  This experimental facility, an integral part of this project has confirmed that gametes of male and female white sturgeon are viable, and that Kootenai River water quality is sufficient to rear young fish.  Beginning in 1993, the Tribe and IDFG have coordinated monitoring and evaluation of natural spawning of white sturgeon in response to experimental flow releases from Libby Dam.

ShortTitle:
EXPERIMENTAL STURGEON HATCHERY & STURGEON RESEARCH

LongTitle:
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Studies and Experimental Sturgeon Hatchery


ProjectShortDescription:
Internal NEPA support for the white sturgeon project in the Kootenai Basin

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Internal NEPA support for the white sturgeon project in the Kootenai Basin

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL- NEPA: STURGEON HATCHERY & RESEARCH

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - NEPA for Sturgeon Hatchery and Kootenai White Sturgeon Research


Milestones:
Kootenai River Fisheries Investigations (Project 88-65) began September 1, 1988.  The project includes the study of white sturgeon and burbot/rainbow in the Kootenai River downriver of Libby Dam.  Through a cooperative effort, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game and the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho completed an assessment of the status of white sturgeon in the Kootenai River, successfully cultured sturgeon from the endemic stock, and stocked age 1 and age 2 sturgeon into the Kootenai River (Apperson 1992; Apperson and Anders 1990 and 1991; Siple and Aitken 1992). The first experimental spawning flows occurred May-June 1991 and again in 1993 and 1994. This project  continues to addresses the need to evaluate the success of flow manipulations to enhance sturgeon recruitment, and to continue work to define habitat requirements for sturgeon spawning and early rearing in the Kootenai River drainage.  Enhanced springtime flows in future years are anticipated. Movements of tagged fish in response to flows has been mapped.  Natural spawning has been observed by collection of eggs in 1991 (13), 1993 (3) and 1994 (253).  Sturgeon spawning occurs in the reach near Bonners Ferry and between Myrtle Creek and Shorty's Island.  Possibly, four juveniles have been caught from the 1991 year class.  Also addressed are needs for population evaluations of burbot and rainbow trout, to determine appropriate enhancement of those fisheries. Burbot population is very depressed, only 20 fish were found in 1993.  Information continues to be gathered on limiting factors affecting burbot reproduction and survival in the Kootenai River.  Kootenai River below Libby Dam is nutrient limited.  Nitrogen and phosphorus are very scare in the river below Bonners Ferry.  The selective withdrawal system is not a feasible solution to increase nutrient productivity in the Kootenai River below Libby Dam. Conditions limiting recovery of all fish populations, namely primary and secondary productivity, are proposed for evaluation and possible enhancement.

Publications:
Kokanee River White Sturgeon Investigations -Chapter 1:  Kootenai River White Sturgeon Spawning and Recruitment Evaluation/Chapter 2:  Estimating Abundance of Larval & Advanced Young-of-the-Year  Sturgeon & Burbot in the Kootenai River and Kootenay Lake DOE/BP 93497;   
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Investigations & Experimental Culture DOE/BP 93497-1;   
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Investigations & Experimental Culture DOE/BP 93497-2;   
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Investigations & Experimental Culture DOE/BP 93497-3;   
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Investigations & Experimental Culture DOE/BP 93497-4;   
Kootenai River Fisheries Investigation:  Stock Status of Burbot and Rainbow Trout and Fisheries Inventory DOE/BP 93497-5;   
Kootenai River White Sturgeon Investigation Stock Status of Burbot and Rainbow Trout and Fisheries Inventory DOE/BP 93497-6;   
Kootenai River Fisheries Investigations:  Stock Status of Burbot and Rainbow Trout and Fisheries Inventory DOE/BP 93497-7

Results:
Steps towards understanding problems associated with white sturgeon reproduction and potential solutions.  Preliminary work indicates contaminant levels are lower than those found in the Lower Columbia River sturgeon eggs and tissue.  A better understanding of the requirements necessary for spawning and recruitment of white sturgeon has been demonstrated.  The selective withdrawal system is not a feasible solution to increase nutrient productivity in the Kootenai River below Libby Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine status of sturgeon, burbot and rainbow stocks in the Kootenai River and effects of water fluctuations on these stocks.  Research nutrient dynamics.  Study tagged sturgeon in Kootenay Lake by telemetry.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine status of sturgeon, burbot and rainbow stocks in the Kootenai River & effects of water fluctuations on these stocks.  Research nutrient dynamics.  Study sturgeon in Kootenay Lake by telemetry.  Evaluate Kootenai hatchey sturgeon releases.

ProjectBackground:
Recruitment of wild sturgeon to the Kootenai population has been virtually nonexistent since Libby began operations in 1974.  Regulated flow from the dam has been identified as the primary factor limiting sturgeon spawning and early rearing.  On June 11, 1992, this population was petitioned for protection under the Endangered Species Act and listed as endangered by the FWS on October 6, 1994. Declines observed in populations of burbot, kokanee, and Gerrard rainbow trout have been attributed to regulated flows from Libby Dam and entrapment of nutrients within the reservoir.

LongTitle:
Kootenai River Fisheries Investigations and Experimental Sturgeon Culture


ProjectTitle:
ASSESS FISHERY IMPROVEMENTS - PEND OREILLE A*E*

Milestones:
The study assessed the stock status of resident fish species in the Pend Oreille River in Washington and numerous tributaries and determined fishery improvement opportunities. A large number of tributaries were evaluated

Publications:
Assessment of the Fishery Improvement Opportunities on the Pend Oreille River DOE/BP 39339-1.  
Assessment of the Fishery Improvement Opportunities on the Pend Oreille River - Appendices DOE/BP 39339-2. 
Assessment of the Fishery Improvement Opportunities on the Pend Oreille River DOE/BP 39339-3.  
Assessment of the Fishery Improvement Opportunities on the Pend Oreille River DOE/BP 39339-4.  
Assessment of the Fishery Improvement Opportunities on the Pend Oreille River, Appendices DOE/BP 39339-5.  
Assessment of the Fishery Improvement Opportunities on the Pend Oreille River:  Recommendations for Fisheries Enhancement DOE/BP 39339-6

Results:
Data on status of resident fish in the Pend Oreille River and it tributaries in Washington.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess status of resident fish species in the Pend Oreille River and determine fishery improvement opportunities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess status of resident fish species in the Pend Oreille River and its tributaries and determine appropriate fishery improvement opportunities.

ProjectBackground:
Due to losses associated with dams on the Pend Oreille River, mitigation efforts were engaged by the tribe.

ShortTitle:
ASSESS FISHERY & NEEDS - PEND OREILLE RIVER

LongTitle:
Assessment of The Fishery and  Improvement Opportunities on The Pend Oreille River and Its Tributaries


ProjectTitle:
ANALYSIS OF PAST / PRESENT SALM & STLHD SUPPPLMNT

Milestones:
A systematic summary of present outplanting programs indicated places and areas where additional information could be gleaned.  Analysis of present work identified program areas where added incremental evaluation or additional outplanting effort can provide critically needed information.  From a systematic analysis of supplementation, key areas of information needs were identified.  Also, a conceptual model of factors affecting outplanting success was developed.  The model can facilitate the identification of ways and areas where supplementation can be most beneficial for key species and key stocks of fish.

Publications:
Analysis of Salmon & Steelhead Supplementation Techinical Report (Supplementation of Salmon & Steelhead Stocks with Hatchery Fish:  A Synthesis of Published Literature) DOE/BP 92663-1

Results:
Based upon this systematic analysis, a program of needed evaluation and research for supplementation was defined.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of unpublished stocking information for successful and unsuccessful outplanting strategies.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of unpublished stocking information for successful and unsuccessful outplanting strategies.

ProjectBackground:
Supplementation or planting salmon and steelhead into various river systems in the Northwest has occurred over many years.  All life stages, from eggs to adult fish have been planted in an attempt to increase runs. The results of supplemental stocking of salmon and steelhead has had varying degrees of success.  Many variables need to be considered when analyzing the degree of success of an outplanting program.  These variables include but are not limited to species, stock, genetics, area, habitat, present population of species being stocked, population of other species, hydrologic character of the receiving waters, method of outplanting, time and number of individuals or eggs being outplanted.  A number of authors have summarized the literature on supplementation of salmon and steelhead  Recent work by Beck (1987), Smith, et al  (1985), generally present published work.  However, outplanting by management agencies have been going on for years so there are records within fishery management agencies of outplantings that have not been formally published.  Also, there are various outplanting programs currently being done which have not been summarized or analyzed as a group.  A comprehensive summary of this unpublished stocking information may shed additional light on successful outplanting strategies or conversely on unsuccessful strategies.

ShortTitle:
ANALYZE SALMON & STEELHEAD SUPPLEMENTATION EFFORTS

LongTitle:
Analysis of Past and Present Salmon and Steelhead Supplementation Efforts


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for fish health studies. No funds obligated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for fish health studies. No funds obligated.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PLACEHOLDER FOR FISH HEALTH STUDIES

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Placeholder for Fish Health Studies


ProjectTitle:
AREA OF EMPHASIS - HATCHERY EFFECTIVENESS

ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for hatchery effectiveness studies. No funds obligated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for hatchery effectiveness studies. No funds obligated.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PLACEHOLDER FOR HATCHERY STUDIES

LongTitle:
BPA Internal L- Placeholder for Hatchery Effectiveness Studies


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for water budget. No funds obligated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for water budget. No funds obligated.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PLACEHOLDER FOR  WATER BUDGET

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Placeholder for Water Budget


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for reservoir mortality studies. No funds obligated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for reservoir mortality studies. No funds obligated.

ShortTitle:
BPA - PLACEHOLDER FOR RESERVOIR MORTALITY STUDIES

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Placeholder for Reservoir Mortality Studies


ProjectTitle:
SYSTEM MONITORING AND EVALUATION PROGRAM (SMEP)

ProjectShortDescription:
Budget projection for monitoring and evaluation of Recovery Plan and new Council Program operations. Funded internal support project

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Budget projection for monitoring and evaluation of Recovery Plan and new Council Program operations. Funded internal support project

ShortTitle:
BPA - SYSTEM MONITORING & EVALUATION PROGRAM

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - System Monitoring and Evaluation Program (SMEP)


Milestones:
The CIS Project has been developed and implemented in phases that closely follow Fiscal Years.  The following are major products and milestones reached by the project to date:FY 90:  Overall project design completed; assembled background information; developed approach to successfully implement the project.  FY 91-92:  Detailed assessment of information needs; compilation and assembly/updating of basic anadromous fish population information; identified information gaps; multi-year plan for testing and implementation; Stock Summary Reports; Initial database work.  FY 93:  Formally structured CIS as a regional and ongoing project; database development with focus on summary data; system development; prototyping; limited distribution of initial system; coordination and education; PSMFC assumed regional coordination and project/data management role for the CIS project.  FY 94:  Continued database development including initial update of existing data sets; continued system development; full implementation of the CIS system with formal release of the first regional CIS data base on PC platform in May, 1994.  FY 94-95:  Developed data base dictionary for CIS (agreed upon regional elements of CIS) for Natural Production, Hatchery Production, initial Habitat, and System Level anadromous fish data, Data Catalog information, Project Catalog, and Literature/Reference information; Established detailed data descriptions and data exchange formats for data bases; Established and coded data to standardized geographic reference system (EPA Reach File); Established procedures within participating organizations to automate data maintenance and transfer of data in exchange formats; Began implementation of electronic data exchange; Planned release of expanded CIS information system in Windows format.

Publications:
Stock Summary Reports for Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids, Volume I:  Oregon Below Bonneville Dam DOE/BP 94402-1;   
Stock Summary Reports for Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids, Volume II:  Oregon Above Bonneville Dam DOE/BP 94402-2;   
Stock Summary Reports for Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids, Volume III:  Washington Below McNary Dam DOE/BP 94402-3;   
Stock Summary Reports for Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids, Volume IV:  Washington Above McNary Dam DOE/BP 94402-4;   
Stock Summary Reports for Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids, Volume V:  Idaho Subbasins DOE/BP 94402-5;   
Columbia River Coordinated Information System:  Phase II Project Summary Report 1992 DOE/BP 94402-6;   
Columbia River Coordinated Information System:  Report on Information Needs DOE/BP 94402-7;   
Columbia River Coordinated Information System:  Data Catalog DOE/BP 94402-8;   
Columbia River Coordinated Information System - FY 1993 Services & Features Report DOE/BP 94402-9;   
Columbia River Coordinated Information System DOE/BP 94402-10

Results:
Primary areas of information on salmon and steelhead in the CIS include: Life History, Range and Distribution, Natural Production, Hatchery Production, Harvest, Adult Escapement, Habitat, and Reference/Literature.  The information is obtained from CIS participants and from other regional, state, and local sources.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop, implement and maintain an information management system for anadromous fish management, policy, and planning, including protection and enhancement activities.  Note that this project (in concert with 8810803) addresses all of measure 3.3.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop, implement and maintain a coordinated information management system (CIS) for anadromous fish management, policy, and planning, including protection and enhancement activities.   Conducted along with 8810803.

ProjectBackground:
The concept of a CIS was initiated in the mid-1980’s by the Northwest Power Planning Council (Council) as an approach to meeting the growing needs for regionally standardized anadromous fish information.  The CIS was further defined in Section 7.6 of the Council Strategy for Salmon:  Volume II (NPPC 1992), and was set up to proceed in phases.  The initial development phases have been completed, and implementation began in 1994.  The CIS is guided by a Steering Committee with members from IDFG, ODFW, WDFW, PSMFC, CRITFC, Shoshone-Bannock Tribes, NMFS, USFWS, USFS, BLM, BPA, and NPPC.  Nearly all of these organizations are also involved in the development, data compilation, and data management of the CIS.The development of a CIS will facilitate identification of needed information and access to available information.  Development of stock specific data will enable the region to more easily identify trends in stock populations.  It will provide better  access to hatchery and natural production data and facilitate planning and analysis.

ShortTitle:
MAINTAIN COORDINATED INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS)

LongTitle:
Develop and Maintain a Coordinated Information System (CIS)


ProjectShortDescription:
Encode USGS 1:1000,000-scale digital hydrography with exapanded EPA  River Reach file coding for selected basin in the NW. Funded internal support project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Encode USGS 1:1000,000-scale digital hydrography with exapanded EPA  River Reach file coding for selected basin in the NW. Funded internal support project.

ShortTitle:
BPA- COORDINATED INFORMATION SYSTEM (USGS MAPPING)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Coordinated Information System (USGS Mapping)


ProjectTitle:
COORDINATED INFO SYSTEM/NW ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE

Milestones:
A regionally consistent 1:100,000-scale digital hydrography and river reach referencing system was completed in April 1995, greatly expanding the capability to capture, analyze, and display aquatic data.  Data on distribution of native resident fish species, including bull trout and cutthroat subspecies, was reviewed and upgraded.   Significant progress was made on the mapping of wildlife species distribution.  An analysis of aquatic data needs was undertaken and a detailed list of essential data elements prepared.  NED staff annually responds to between 1,000 and 2,000 requests for GIS maps, analysis, and tabular data.

Results:
The NED is maintained and enhanced through Rivers Information Systems (RIS) housed in each state’s fish and wildlife agency.  Current state coordinators are:  IDFG: Jerome Hansen;  MDFWP: Janet Decker-Hess;  ODFW: Brent Forsberg; and, WDFW: Martin Hudson.  Each has the responsibility for compiling new fish and wildlife data as it becomes available.   Each state fish and wildlife agency contributes substantially to the project through in-kind services.  Several additional state and federal agencies and Indian tribes have participated in, and helped fund, NED activities.  Maintenance of state RIS is called for in the Council’s 1994 Power Plan (action item: Hydropower 3).  NED has historically been funded from other BPA sources, including Power Marketing, Mitigation, Transmission,  and Fish and Wildlife Program measures 84-40 (Pacific Northwest Rivers Study) and 88-108-02 (USGS/EPA Mapping System).

ProjectShortDescription:
Compile and maintain regionally consistent graphic and tabular data on fish, wildlife, habitat,  dams and diversions, and aquatic management.  Provide access to this information through user-friendly, state-of-the-art data transfer techniques. Funded

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Compile and maintain regionally consistent graphic and tabular data on fish, wildlife, habitat,  dams and diversions, and aquatic management (NW Environmental Database -NED).  Provide  user-friendly, state-of-the-art data transfer techniques.

ProjectBackground:
The NED is a cooperative project between BPA, the Council,  and state fish and wildlife agencies.  The objective is to provide anadromous and resident fish and wildlife information for regional policy and planning activities.  Project focus also includes Program Support and Monitoring and Evaluation; Program Measure also includes 12.2: Protected Areas.  NED maintains the source data for Protected Areas implementation.  The NED was established to satisfy two specific needs: 1) the Council’s need for geographically based fish and wildlife information for use in designating Protected Areas, and 2) BPA and Council needs for natural resource data to assist in determining the future availability of new hydropower resources (supply curves).  These needs have since expanded to include a wide variety of environmental planning activities at regional and state levels.  The original NED included regionally consistent information on the significance of each stream reach in terms of fish, wildlife, and other environmental factors.  Information was made available through a menu driven computer system and was attached to a 1:250,000-scale river reach file, making them usable on a Geographic Information System (GIS).  State natural heritage data base’s and other appropriate information was subsequently linked to the NED.

LongTitle:
Coordinate CIS (Coordinated Information System) and NED (NW Enivonmental Database)


Milestones:
Information on fish populations, fisheries, and fish habitat is crucial to the success of ongoing programs to protect, recover, enhance, and manage fish resources in the Columbia River Basin.  StreamNet, the Northwest Aquatic Resource Information Network, consolidates data compilation and management activities that were historically conducted through the Coordinated Information System, the Northwest Environmental Data Base, and the Pacific Northwest Hydropower Data Base and Analysis System (NWHS).  These projects were created by the Council to provide information necessary for Program implementation: CIS for anadromous fish productivity and management, NED regarding Protected Areas and stream-based environmental factors, and NWHS for dam impacts and energy analysis.  The rationale for consolidation is two-fold: to provide the region with one comprehensive, high quality package of fish and wildlife data products and services to address emerging regional fish and wildlife data demands, and to realize cost savings.  Savings result from a combination of administrative efficiencies, elimination of redundancy, and increased focus on critical tasks.  Additional out-year savings are likely as increased emphasis is placed on cost sharing with others needing these data.  Savings within the Fish and Wildlife Program have been realized as StreamNet provides data services to other Program projects, thus decreasing overall costs of those projects.

At its core, StreamNet consists of a series of data sets and reference materials concerning anadromous fish, resident fish, and factors related to the management of aquatic resources.  Included are data on 1) anadromous fish productivity, both natural and hatchery, 2) species distribution, range, and life history, 3) the condition of anadromous (and some resident) fish populations and their environments, 4) dams and diversions, 5) Protected Areas, 6) other river-related environmental variables, 7) references to source materials, and 8) stream flow and hydrology.  Tabular data is accessed through custom interfaces, including the Distributed System (DS) and each state’s Rivers Information System, the NWHS (or Hydro Site Data Base) system, and regional summary data currently available through a menu access system on the Council’s VAX computer.  Much of these data are available in Geographic Information System (GIS) format, and Internet access capability is being developed.  Source materials are available through a reference library housed at the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission in Portland, Oregon.

A regionally consistent 1:100,000-scale digital hydrography and river reach referencing system has been prepared, greatly expanding the capability to capture, analyze, and display aquatic information.  In FY 1996 a strategic plan for future data development and delivery is being prepared that will identify high priority applications and the data needs of these applications.  Project staff annually respond to between 1,000 and 2,000 requests for tabular data, GIS maps, and analysis

Publications:
StreamNet-The Northwest Aquatic Resource Information Network--Report on the Status of Salmon and Steelhead in the Columbia River Basin-1995 DOE/BP 65130-1
Regularly scheduled progress reports are prepared by the contractor and sub-contractors. An annual Columbia River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Report is produced that graphically portrays salmon and steelhead production trends and other summary data of interest to managers and decision-makers.  An anadromous fish production data system (DS) is updated biannually, including documentation and a user’s guide.  Tabular and graphic information is produced on fish distribution, life stages, barriers, and other topics applicable to natural resource management.  Other products include a strategic plan for future data enhancement, data exchange format documentation, stock summary reports, an Internet home page, various topic specific reports and map atlases, and white papers that identify opportunities for interagency cooperation in data compilation.

Results:
Functional data bases pertinent to the Columbia River Basin fish and wildlife issues and programs. The goal of this effort is to bring many diverse data types and resources into comprehensive reports on the status of anadromous fish runs in the Columbia river Basin and the environmental conditions that may affect that status.

ProjectShortDescription:
Compile, maintain, and disseminate regionally standardized graphic and tabular data critical to the implementation of the Program and other compatible regional efforts through StreamNet.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Compile, maintain, and disseminate regionally standardized graphic and tabular data critical to the implementation of the Program and other compatible regional efforts through StreamNet (formerly CIS and NED - see 8810801 & 8810803).

ProjectBackground:
StreamNet database was formerly CIS or the Coordinated Information system and NED or the Northwest Environmental Data Base.  These have been funded by BPA as part of its program to protect, mitigate and enhance fish and wildlife affected by the development and operation of the hydroelectric facilities on the Columbia River and its tributaries.  The projec's objective is to promote exchange and dissemination of information in a standardized electronic format throughout the basin.  This project is administered by the Pacific States Marine fisheries Commission with active participation by tribal, state, and federal fish and wildlife agencies.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP & MAINTAIN STREAMNET BY MERGER OF CIS /NED

LongTitle:
Develop and Maintain StreamNet by a Merger of CIS (Coordinated Information System) & NED (NW Environmental Database)


ProjectTitle:
MINIDOKA WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY & MITIGATION PLAN

Milestones:
IDFG completed an assessment of wildlife and wildlife habitat losses for Minidoka Dam  The report estimated a net loss of 5,374 habitat units with estimated habitat losses including 181 acres of emergent wetlands, 396 acres of scrub shrub wetlands, 3,215 acres of riverine habitat, and 7,736 acres of sagebrush grassland  Although some aspects of the dam and reservoir have been positive for waterfowl, negative impacts occurred to river otter, mule deer, and sage grouse  The report called for development of a mitigation plan (BPA Project 9005000) which focused on target species that were adversely affected in the study area.

Publications:
Minidoka Dam Wildlife Impact Assessment DOE/BP 91945-1

Results:
Wildlife mitigation assessment for losses occurred through the construction and operation of Minidoka Dam .

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimate impact on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Minidoka Dam and recommend mitigation activities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate impact on wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Minidoka Dam, ID, and recommend mitigation activities.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of the Minidoka Dam resulted in significant impact to wildlife and wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
MINIDOKA WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY AND MITIGATION PLAN

LongTitle:
Minidoka Dam Wildlife Loss Study and Mitigation Plan


ProjectTitle:
STEVENS, NACHES, SELAH SCREEN CONSTR        87-062

ProjectShortDescription:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.  It was deferred instead.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.  It was deferred instead.

ShortTitle:
STEVENS, NACHES,AND SELAH SCREEN CONSTRUCTION

LongTitle:
Stevens, Naches, and Selah Screen Construction


ProjectTitle:
HUNGRY HORSE DAM WILDLIFE HABITAT ENHANCEMENT

Milestones:
The planned burning per SOW during spring 1991 was unsuccessful.  A no cost time extension from 1/1/92-12/31/92 allowed for vegetation preparation--cutting/ slashing during summer/fall 1991, and burning during spring 1992 The project improved approximately 500 acres of key winter range in the Hungry Horse basin.

Results:
Improvement of 500 acres of key winter range for elk and mule deer.

ProjectShortDescription:
Initiate habitat improvement activities on Flathead NF for elk and mulk deer by slashing and burning 500 acres of key winter range.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Initiate habitat improvement activities in the Hungry Horse basin of the Flathead NF for elk and mulk deer by slashing and burning 500 acres of key winter range.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of the project is to initiate habitat improvement activities on Flathead National Forest lands for elk and mule deer as mitigation for Hungry Horse Dam.

ShortTitle:
HUNGRY HORSE DAM WILDLIFE HABITAT ENHANCEMENT

LongTitle:
Hungry Horse Dam Wildlife Habitat Enhancement


Milestones:
Funded the preliminary and final design of the Yakima Hatchery.   A  Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Yakima Fisheries Project has been completed,  and a  Record of Decision (ROD) to proceed with hatchery construction was signed by BPA on March 13, 1996.   BPA began construction contractor solicitation upon completion of the  ROD.  Construction of the Cle Elum central outplanting facility began May 1996. Construction was  completed by 1997.  The hatchery efforts will be examined as to effectiveness in supplementation.

Results:
Completion of the Yakima Hatchery at Cle Elum.The hatchery project will produce approximately 10 million salmon and steelhead annually

ProjectShortDescription:
Hold capital expenses for construction of the upper Yakima River spring chinook hatchery at Cle Elum, Washington, and three satellite acclimation  facilities in the upper Yakima River Basin.   The project also holds hatchery O&M expenses  in RPA 1501.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Capital expenses for construction of the upper Yakima River spring chinook hatchery at Cle Elum, Washington, and three satellite acclimation  facilities in the upper Yakima River Basin.   The project also holds hatchery O&M expenses  in RPA 1501.

ProjectBackground:
This project responds directly to a need for knowledge of viable means to rebuild and maintain naturally spawing anadromous fish stock.  In proposing and implementing the Yakima Fisheries Project (YFP), BPA and the project managers seek knowledge about how resource managers can use the strategy of supplementation in their efforts to protect and mitigate for impacts on stocks of anadromous fish in the Yakima River Basin.
The YFP is designed (1) to provide resource managers with knowledge regarding these issues and (2) to identify and apply improved methods for carrying out hatchery production and supplementtion of natural production.


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for the Yakima Hatchery, no funds obligated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for the Yakima Hatchery, no funds obligated.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PLACEHOLDER FOR YAKIMA HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Placeholder for Yakima Hatchery Incremental funding


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY ACCLIMATION SITES GROUNDWATER

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY ACCLIMATION SITES GROUNDWATER

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery - Construction for Groundwater & Geotechnical Investigations at Three Acclimation Sites


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY CONST-CLE ELUM WELL FIELD DEV&MON

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - CLE ELUM WELL FIELD DEVELOPMENT

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Construction - Cle Elum Well Field Development and Monitoring


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY CONST WELLS CE5/CE6 LAND PURCHASE

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - WELLS (CE5/CE6 LAND PURCHASE]

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Construction Wells - CE5/CE6 Land Purchase


ProjectTitle:
CLARK FLAT SPRING CHINOOK ACCLIMATION SITE

ShortTitle:
CLARK FLAT SPRING CHINOOK ACCLIMATION SITE

LongTitle:
Provide services for Clark Flat Spring Acclimation Site


LongTitle:
Easton Spring Chinook Aclimation Site - WA State Dept. of Transportation Sand Relocation


ProjectTitle:
JACK CREEK SPRING CHINOOK ACCLIMATION SITE

ShortTitle:
JACK CREEK SPRING CHINOOK ACCLIMATION SITE

LongTitle:
Provide Services for Jack Creek Acclimation Site


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY CONSTRUCTION ACCLIMATION SITES

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY SPRING CHINOOK ACCLIMATION SITES

LongTitle:
Yakima Fisheries Project Spring Chinook Acclimation Sites


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY CONST - CLE ELUM WELLS CE5 & CE6

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - CLE ELUM WELLS CE5 & CE6


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY ACCLIMATION SITE CONST/INSPECTION

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - ACCLIMATION SITE CONTRUCTION

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery - Acclimation Site Construction Services & Inspection


LongTitle:
Trout Creek Enhancement Project Operations and Maintenance


ProjectTitle:
SERVICES CONTRACT, U OF W, TECHNICAL SUPPORT   C/0

ShortTitle:
SERVICES CONTRACT, U OF W  TECHNICAL SUPPORT

LongTitle:
Service Contract, U of Washington Technical Support


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA NATURAL PRODUCTION & ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM

Milestones:
This project provides a part of the complex data collection, monitoring, and evaluation program ongoing in the Yakima Basin.  The focus of Cle Elum hatchery monitoring and evaluation will be numbers of returning Yakima River spring chinook salmon .

Publications:
Yakima/Klickitat Natural Production & Enhancement Program DOE/BP 93203-1

Results:
Baseline stock profile and life history data.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide for  participation of YIN in development of natural and artificial production program in Yakima River Basin and in planning for spring chinook central hatchery facility at Cle Elum. WA.  Conduct research to test supplementation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide for  participation of YIN in development of natural and artificial production program in Yakima River Basin and in planning for spring chinook central hatchery facility at Cle Elum. WA.  Conduct research to test supplementation.

ProjectBackground:
Yakima Fisheries Project was a measure in 1982 Fish and Wildlife Program.  The measure remained, and was amended, in the 1984, 1987, and 1994 F&W Programs.The project will provide essential information on the natural production and enhancement potential in the Yakima River Basin.  Emphasis was placed on trap efficiencies, genetic stock identification sample collection, support for the radio tagging study, and training for Tribal fisheries This project conducted by the Yakima Indian Nation, obtained the   baseline data on salmon and steelhead to complete the experimental design, and  monitoring and evaluation program for the Yakima Hatchery project.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA NATURAL PRODUCTION AND ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production And Enhancement Program


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA/ KLICKITAT FISHERIES PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Milestones:
The Klickitat aspect of the Project currently is doing fishery surveys, population monitoring, habitat inventory, and engineering surveys of passage barriers in the Klickitat River watershed.  This is consistent with the Preliminary Design Report.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide the YIN, the Lead Agency, with the appropriate resources to effectively participate at an acceptable level in the ongoing activities associated with the planning, development, management, and implementation of the YKFP.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide the YIN, the Lead Agency, with the appropriate resources to effectively participate at an acceptable level in the ongoing activities associated with the planning, development, management, and implementation of the YKFP.

ProjectBackground:
The YKFP has been in the Fish and Wildlife plan since 1982.  The Yakima phase of the Project initially included an all stock initiative.  There still remains an all stock initiative but it will be implemented through a phase in process.  The Policy Group's preferred alternative that's included within the FEIS is to implement the supplementation aspects for Spring Chinook and develop and implement a monitoring plan for the now released coho in the basin.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA/ KLICKITAT FISHERIES PROJECT MANAGEMENT

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program:  Management


Milestones:
Retained the services of an engineer to provide advice to the tribal policy advisor/project coordinator and other elements of tribal government on the design, function and construction plans for the Yakima project facilities.  The engineer was provided by CH2M Hill.

ProjectShortDescription:
Retain the serices of an engineer to provide the tribal policy advisor and other elements of tribal government advice on the design, function and construction plans for Yakima project facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Retain the services of an engineer to provide the Yakama tribal policy advisor and other elements of tribal government advice on the design, function and construction plans for Yakima project facilities.

ProjectBackground:
This was task order within the project 8812000 dealing with  a phase of the Yakima fishery project.  An engineer was needed to assess the adequacy of design and construction plans.

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program: Project Engineer Assistance


Milestones:
Provided one fisheries technician to assist Washington Department of Wildlife on the Yakima Species Interaction Study. The technician determined spawning characteristics, rearing characteristics and accessed the impacts of hatchery smolt releases on resident trout.

Results:
Data on interactions between resident fish and hatchery releases.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide a YIN fisheries techician to assist WDW on the Yakima Species Interaction Study.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide a Yakama Indian Nation fisheries techician to assist WDW on the Yakima Species Interaction Study.

ProjectBackground:
This was a specific task order within project 8812000.  Washington Department of Wildlife needed assistance in the Yakima Species Interaction Study.

ShortTitle:
TRIBAL MEMBER FOR YAKIMA SPECIES INTERACTION STUDY

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program: Tribal Technician for Yakima Species Interaction Study


ProjectShortDescription:
Support the proposed manpower of the YKFP facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Support the proposed manpower of the Yakima Klickitat Fisheries Project facilities.

ProjectBackground:
The YKFP has been in the Fish and Wildlife plan since 1982.  The Yakima phase of the Project initially included an all stock initiative.  There sill remains an all stock initiative but not all at once.  The Policy Group's preferred an all stock initiative.  There still remains an all stock inititative but it will be implemented through a phase in process.  The Policy Group's preferred alternative that's included within the FEIS is to implement the supplementation aspects for Spring Chinook and develop and implement a monitoring plan for the now released coho in the basin.  The other stocks will be implemented through a tiering process.

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program:  Hatchery Training and Education


Milestones:
The Klickitat aspect of the Project currently is doing fishery surveys, population monitoring, habitat inventory, and engineering surveys of passage barriers in the Klickitat River watershed.  This is consistent with the Preliminary Design Report.  This project is a component of the monitoring/evaluation program for the YKFP.  It provides fish passage information for the fish managers in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide fish passage information in the Yakima Basin via video monitoring.  Data collected includes:  enumeration of fish passage by species, identification of external marks, weekly fish passage counts, run timing and fish length data.  Information is also recorded pertaining to fish viewing conditions at each of the ladders.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide Yakima Basin fish passage data via video monitoring such as enumeration of fish passage by species, identification of external marks, weekly fish passage counts, run timing and fish length,  fish viewing conditions at each of the ladders.

ProjectBackground:
The YKFP has been in the Fish and Wildlife plan since 1982.  The Yakima phase of the Project initially included an all stock initiative.  There still remains an all stock initiative but not all at once.  The Policy Group's preferred an all stock initiative.  There still remains an all stock initiative but it will be implemented through a phase in process.  The Policy Group's preferred alternative that's included within the FEIS is to implement the supplementation aspects for Spring Chinook and develop and implement a monitoring plan for the now released coho in the basin.  The other stocks will be implemented through a tiering process.

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program: :  Fish Passage Video Monitoring


Milestones:
Nine Yakima Indian Nation technicians were retained in 1993 for participation with WDF, WDW, NMFS and other BPA contractors in the collection of data for various activities under the experimental design of the Yakima - Klickitat Fisheries Project.  These activities included GSI, Juvenile trapping, surveys, habitat evaluations, etc.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund fisheries Technician field activities for the YIN.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund nine Yakama Indian fisheries technicians and their respective field activities for the Yakama - Klickitat Fisheries project..

ProjectBackground:
This was a task order within project 8812000. Technicians were needed to assist in field data collection activities under the critical path analysis of the Yakima - Klickitat Fisheries Project.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA TRIBAL FISHERIES TECHNICIANS (1993)

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program: Tribal Fisheries Technicians Field Activities (1993)


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA SPRING CHINOOK NATURAL PRODUCTION OBJECTIVE

Milestones:
Tasks accomplished included recoding the RSM for fall chinook and steelhead, and documenting the RSM  for all species.  Technicians performed the necessary simulations for the Marion Drain and lower mainstem fall chinook substocks.  They parameterized and ran simulations for upper Yakima, Naches and Satus/ Toppenish steelhead stocks.

Results:
Completion of refined project objectives.

ProjectShortDescription:
Establishment of natural production goals for substocks under Phase-1 of the preferred alternative for the Yakima basin

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Establishment of natural production goals for substocks under Phase-1 of the preferred alternative for the Yakima basin. Emphasis was fall chinook and steelhead.

ProjectBackground:
This was a task order within project 8812000.  The goal was the establishment of refined natural production objectives for spring chinook under the Yakima - Klickitat Fisheries Project.  A three month extension was needed in 1993 because parameterizing targeted stocks and fine-tuning the RASP spreadsheet model (RSM) had consumed considerably more time than was anticipated.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA SPRING CHINOOK NATURAL PRODUCTION OBJECTIVE

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program: Spring Chinook Natural Production Objectives


Milestones:
The Klickitat aspect of the Project currently is doing fishery surveys, population monitoring, habitat inventory, and engineering surveys of passage barriers in the Klickitat River watershed. This is consistent with the Preliminary Design Report.

ProjectShortDescription:
Retrain 14 Yakama employees  to assist in field data collection, task activities/assignments, and special fishery related projects consistent with the overall objectives of YKFP.  Retain 4 temporary employees to work the separator at Chandler.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Retrain 14 Yakama employees  to assist in field data collection, task activities/assignments, and special fishery related projects consistent with the overall objectives of YKFP.  Retain 4 temporary employees to work the separator at Chandler.

ProjectBackground:
The YKFP has been in the Fish and Wildlife plan since 1982.  The Yakima phase of the Project initially included an all stock initiative.  There still remains an all stock initiative but nat all at once.  The Policy Group’s preferred an all stock initiative.  There still remains an all stock initiative but it will be implemented through a phase in process.  The Policy Group’s preferred alternative that’s included within the FEIS is to implement the supplementation aspects for Spring Chinook and develop and implement a monitoring plan for the now released coho in the basin.  The other stocks will be implemented through a tiering process.

ShortTitle:
YAKAMA TRIBAL FISHERIES TECHNICIAN ACTIVITIES

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program:  Tribal Fisheries Technicians Field Activities


ProjectTitle:
STEELHEAD AND FALL CHINOOK PRODUCTION OBJECTIVES

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop information for refining objectives of the YKFP for steelhead and fall chinook and to select appropriate treatment strategies and guide subsequent risk analysis and development of monitoring plans.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop information for refining objectives of the Yakima - Klickitat Fisheries Project for steelhead and fall chinook and to select appropriate treatment strategies and guide subsequent risk analysis and development of monitoring plans.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA STEELHEAD & FALL CHINOOK OBJECTIVES

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program:  Steelhead and Fall Chinook Production Objectives


ProjectTitle:
CHANDLER JUVENILE FACILITY MONITORING & EVALUATION

Milestones:
Hire a new biologist for the Chandler juvenile facility to collect and analyze large quantities of data as part of evaluating the YKFP.  The volume of data as well as the sophisticated statistical analysis require a fishery biologist with strong statistical and computer skills.  The biologist will coordinate a new series of experiments involving the use of thousands of PIT-tagged fish and analyze the data as needed.

ProjectShortDescription:
Hire a biologist for the Chandler Juvenile Facility because of increased data to be collected and analyzed as the Yakama spring chinook supplementation facility begins operation in the Spring of 1997.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Hire a biologist for the Chandler Juvenile Facility because of increased data to be collected and analyzed as the Yakama spring chinook supplementation facility begins operation in the Spring of 1997.

ProjectBackground:
A new Chandler biologist was needed because the work load within the Yakima Basin was expected to expand tremendously as the upper Yakima spring chinook supplementation facility came on line in Arpil, 1997.  Current Yakima/Klickitat production Product staffing simply does not include enough trained biologists to operate all the new facilities and analyze all of the data at the same time.

ShortTitle:
CHANDLER JUVENILE FACILITY MONITORING & EVALUATION

LongTitle:
Yakima Natural Production and Enhancement Program: Chandler Juvenile Facility Monnitoring and Evaluation


Milestones:
Employ 2 full time biologists to carry out M&E tasks.  Employ 6 full-time temporary technicians to assist.  Monitor the health of fish taken for broodstock and those allowed to pass upstream at the Roza Dam. Determine the proportion of hatchery coho that consume fall chinook in reaches of the lower Yakima River.  Determine the time period in which fall chinook can be expected to be vulnerable to coho predation.  Take a census of predatory fish (bass, northern big mouth minnows and channel catfish) in four index reaches of the lower Yakima River and detrmine the rate of consumption. Purchase a freezer for the Chandler Juvenile Monitoring facility.

ProjectShortDescription:
Hire biologists & technicians to conduct & assist in the M&E portion of the Yakima / Klickitat Fisheries Project. Evaluate health of broodstock at Roza Dam.  Evaluate consumption of chinook smolts by hatchery coho.  Study salmonid fish predators.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Hire biologists & technicians to conduct & assist in the M&E portion of the Yakima / Klickitat Fisheries Project. Evaluate health of broodstock at Roza Dam.  Evaluate consumption of chinook smolts by hatchery coho.  Study salmonid fish predators.

ProjectBackground:
The Yakima / Klickitat Fisheries Project has been designed to identify and apply improved methods for carrying out hatchery production and supplementation of natural production.  With the concept of gaining knowledge about the use of supplementation and with the ultimate intent of using such information in other areas of the Columbia River Basin, monitoring and evaluation of all the aspects of supplementation represents an essential element in this whole process.

LongTitle:
Monitoring and Evaluation of Yakima and Klickitat Fisheries


Milestones:
Maintain necessary personnel for the upper Yakima complex including hatchery Manager, Office Assistant III, Biologist Management Assistants, fish Culturists, and Security Guard.  Purchase essential materials, supplies, and equipment.  Establish and set up necessary accounts/ relationships with vendors for operational needs, i.e. electrictiy, garbage disposal, etc.

ProjectShortDescription:
The Yakima Hatchery needed personnel, materials, supplies and equipment to start operations.  This task order allows the hatchery to start operations on schedule with an interim O&M aggreement pending the completion of a final agreement.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
The Yakima Hatchery needed personnel, materials, supplies and equipment to start operations.  This task order allows the hatchery to start operations on schedule with an interim O&M agreement pending the completion of a final agreement.

ProjectBackground:
The Upper Yakima supplementation Complex was scheduled for completion and operation by May 1997.  Personnel, supplies and equipment were required to start operations on an interim basis until the Final Operation and Maintenance Agreement is finalized between the Yakama Indian Nation and BPA.

LongTitle:
Interim Operations and Maintenance for Cle Elum Hatchery


ProjectShortDescription:
Internal overhead project - nothing was obligated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Internal overhead project - nothing was obligated.


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - COORDINATION IRRIGATION DISTRICT

Milestones:
BPA is funding the Roza, and other irrigation districts to provide input from agriculture on the hatchery project.  In addition, the project  provided an assessment of the potential impacts to irrigation by the hatchery project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Relate irrigation and agricultural concerns of the Roza Irrigation District to the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Relate irrigation and agricultural concerns of the Roza Irrigation District to the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - COORDINATION IRRIGATION DISTRICT

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Coordination with the Roza Irrigation District


Milestones:
The performance period of the contract was between June 1, 1993 and May 31, 1994  This support was specifically focused toward analysis of technical merits of the Northwest Power Planning Council's Phase IV draft amendments to the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program Analysis and constructive critique of planned resident fish mitigation projects, particularly those proposed to compensate for excessive drawdown of Hungry Horse Reservoir in Montana, required in-depth knowledge and experience in resident fish mitigation techniques  Other work related to resident fish mitigation and research projects such as sturgeon, bull trout, and experimental hatchery needs, was assigned as needed.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fred Holm -- Consultation and analysis for selected resident fish projects.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Analysis of the technical merits of the NPPC Phase IV draft amendments relative to resident fish mitigation projects and especially those associated with Hungry Horse Reservoir drawdown.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of this Project is to provide technical support services to the Division of Fish and Wildlife, Biological Research Section

ShortTitle:
BPA - FISH & WILDLIFE  PROGRAM INTERNAL SUPPORT

LongTitle:
BPA Internal Fish and Wildlife Program Support Activities


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for the development and implementation of Fish and Wildlife Mitigation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for the development and implementation of Fish and Wildlife Mitigation.

ShortTitle:
BPA - FISH & WILDLIFE MITIGATION ACCOUNTING POLICY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Development and Implementation of Fish and Wildlife Mitigation Accounting Policy


ProjectTitle:
ASSIST W SYSTEM PLAN COST AND PRODUCTION MODELING

ShortTitle:
ASSIST WITH SYSTEM PLAN COST & PRODUCTION MODELING

LongTitle:
Assist with System Plan Cost and Production Modeling


Milestones:
Provided for participation on Technical Advisory Committee for proposed Nez Perce fish propagation facilities.

Results:
Participation on the Technical Advisory Committee for the Nez Perce fish propagation facility

ProjectShortDescription:
Provides for participation on Technical Advisory Committee for proposed Nez Perce fish propagation facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provides for participation on Technical Advisory Committee for proposed Nez Perce fish propagation facilities.

ProjectBackground:
The Nez Perce Hatchery was a long term goal for the Nez Perce Tribe and BPA.

LongTitle:
Nez Perce Hatchery Technical Support - IDFG


ProjectTitle:
JOHN DAY / JOSEPH CREEK DRAIN-AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

ProjectShortDescription:
Internal support project.  Aerial Photography of the Joseph Creek area of the Grande Ronde River Basin and the John Day River Basin done  with BPA planes.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Internal support project.  Aerial Photography of the Joseph Creek area of the Grande Ronde River Basin and the John Day River Basin done  with BPA planes.

ShortTitle:
BPA - JOHN DAY & JOSEPH CREEK  AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - John Day and Joseph Creek Drainage Aerial Photography


ProjectShortDescription:
Internal support project.  Aerial Photography of the Lower Deschutes done  with BPA planes.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Internal support project.  Aerial Photography of the Lower Deschutes done  with BPA planes.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - LOWER DESCHUTES AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Lower Deschutes Aerial Photography


Milestones:
This project provided co-sponsorship and granted some financial assistance to the American Fisheries Society's Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium.  The main theme concerned fisheries problems in developed river systems, including hatcheries, fish passage and habitat improvement.  This project was consolidated into 88-115 and 88-120  and funds were shifted to 88-115.

Results:
American fisheries Society’s Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium.

ProjectShortDescription:
Co-sponsored American Fisheries Society's Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium.  Consolidated into 8811500 and 8812000.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Co-sponsored American Fisheries Society's Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium.  Consolidated into 8811500 and 8812000 and funds were shifted to 8811500.

ProjectBackground:
The American Fisheries Society's Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium is held every 10 years and included participants from 10 countries who collectively presented over 200 papers

LongTitle:
Co-Sponorship of the American Fisheries Society Bioengineering Symposium


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. legal support for the Fish and Wildlife program at BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. legal support for the Fish and Wildlife program at BPA.

ShortTitle:
BPA - LEGAL SUPPORT FOR  FISH & WILDLIFE PROGRAM

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Legal Support for BPA Fish and Wildlife Program


Milestones:
The conference was held on February 9-10, 1988, in Ashland, Oregon  The BPA contributed $1000 toward the project's cost of $5000  The conference provided training that should result in better planning, implementation, and evaluation of BPA funded habitat projects  BPA's investments in habitat involve millions of dollars each year

Results:
The effectiveness of many of these stream habitat investments should be enhanced by this training.

ProjectShortDescription:
Co-sponsored conference on Stream Habitat Rehabilitation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Co-sponsored conference on Stream Habitat Rehabilitation at Ashland, OR

ProjectBackground:
BPA, at the request of the American Fisheries Society, co-sponsored a conference on Stream Habitat Rehabilitation.

ShortTitle:
AFS CONFERENCE ON STREAM HABITAT REHABILITATION

LongTitle:
Co-Sponsorship of the  American Fisheries Society Training Seminar "Stream Rehabilitation"


ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - OVERHEAD (PERSONEL/TRAVEL)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead (Personel / Travel)


LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Overhead (Personel / Travel)


Milestones:
This project assessed potential sources of error associated with estimates of juvenile fish collection efficiency and improve techniques for estimating collection efficiency at McNary Dam. This study utilized PIT tags to evaluate the affects of fish origin, time of day of release, and the use of guided fish for test fish on collection efficiency results.

Publications:
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Collection Efficiency Estimates of Chinook Salmon & Steelhead Smolts at McNary Dam DOE/BP 91024-1.  
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Collection Efficiency Estsimates of Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Smolts at McNary DOE/BP 91024-2

Results:
Potential to make it possible to obtain quality estimates of daily fish passage at dams and reach survival if sources of bias and imprecision can be identified and the accuracy of estimates of collection efficiency can be improved. Provide an alternative to the mark and recapture method of estimating survival if problems of collection efficiency can be resolved.  If problems of collection efficiency can be resolved, it would contribute to obtaining acceptable reach survival estimates which can be used to help evaluate Water Budget effectiveness, reservoir mortality and the progress of the Fish and Wildlife Program.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess potential sources of error associated with estimates of juvenile fish collection efficiency and improve estimation techniques at McNary Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess potential sources of error associated with estimates of juvenile fish collection efficiency and improve estimation techniques at McNary Dam.

ProjectBackground:
This research project addressed program measures 206(b)(1)(A) and related action item 6.2 of the 1987 Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.  Adequate understanding of collection efficiency is necessary to evaluate the effects of mainstem passage research on improving the survival of juvenile salmon and steelhead produced in the Columbia River system.  Collection efficiency estimates are used to estimate daily fish passage; existing data indicates several potential sources of error that may affect the accuracy and account for the high variance associated with collection efficiency estimates.

ShortTitle:
MCNARY DAM JUVENILE FISH COLLECTION EFFICIENCY

LongTitle:
McNary Dam Juvenile Fish Collection Efficiency


Milestones:
This study assessed the use of advanced photoperiod and temperature treatment to accelerate smoltification in yearling Chinook and its effects on migration and recovery rate at Lower Granite Dam. Advanced photoperiod treatment in combination with holding fish in warmer water for a couple weeks prior to release from Dworshak Hatchery led to a measurable decrease in travel time to Lower Granite, Little Goose, and McNary Dams.

Publications:
Biological Manipulation of Migration Rate:  The Use of Advanced Photoperiod to Accelerate Smoltification in Yearling Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 50301-1.  
Biological Manipulation of Migration Rate:  The Use of Advanced Photoperiod to Accelerate Smoltification in Yearling Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 50301-2.  
Biological Manipulation of Migration Rate:  The Use of Advanced Photoperiod to Accelerate Smoltification in Yearling Chinook Salmon, 1990 DOE/BP 50301-3

Results:
Identified relationship between smoltification and travel time and fish guiding efficiency.  Provided opportunity, through simple hatchery management practices, to optimize conditions affecting downstream migrant behavioral characteristics that may ultimately increase survival.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess use of advanced photoperiod and temperature treatment to accelerate smoltification in yearling chinook and its effects on migration and recovery rate at Lower Granite Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess use of advanced photoperiod and temperature treatment to accelerate smoltification in yearling chinook and its effects on migration and recovery rate at Lower Granite Dam.

ProjectBackground:
Preliminary data indicated relationship between level of smoltification and water temperature prior to release and smoltification and fish guiding efficiency Studies also suggested that Fish Guiding Efficiency (FGE) of outmigrating juvenile salmonids may be affected by Na+-K+ ATPASE levels.  A positive relationship has been observed between prolonged photoperiod (and resultant increase in gill ATPASE) and decreased travel time to Lower Granite Dam

ShortTitle:
DWORSHAK PHOTOPERIOD & TEMPERATURE TREATMENTS

LongTitle:
Biological Manipulation of Migration Rate and Recovery Rate --The Use of Advanced Photo Period to Accelerate Smoltification in Yearling Chinook Salmon


ProjectTitle:
TWG - SMOLTIFICATION RESEARCH METHOD DEVELOPMENT

ShortTitle:
TECHICAL WORK GROUP (TWG)- SMOLTIFICATION RESEARCH

LongTitle:
Technical Work Group (TWG) - Smoltification Research Method Development


ProjectTitle:
TWG - POOL SURVIVAL RESEARCH METHOD DEVELOPMENT

ProjectShortDescription:
Project identified in planning process but contracts providing funds, if any, have not been entered in contract file.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Project identified in planning process but contracts providing funds, if any, have not been entered in contract file.

ShortTitle:
TECHICAL WORK GROUP (TWG) - POOL SURVIVAL RESEARCH

LongTitle:
Technical Work Group (TWG) - Pool Survival Research Method Development


ProjectFocusDefinition:
Purchase of land, easements and enhancement thereof

Milestones:
The project acquired a conservation easement on approximately 500 acres of key grizzly bear and big game habitat on the North Fork of the Flathead River. The fee for the easement was $400,000.

Results:
Protection of grizzly bear and big game habitat.

ProjectShortDescription:
Acquire conservation easement on 500 acres of key grizzly bear and big game habitat on the North Fork of the Flathead River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Acquire conservation easement on 500 acres of key grizzly bear and big game habitat on the North Fork of the Flathead River, MT.

ProjectBackground:
Mitigation for losses to wildlife and wildlife habitat from Hungry Horse Dam.


Milestones:
BPA funded the US  Bureau of Reclamation to conduct a water analysis study on the constraints to hatchery production in the Yakima Basin  The study also identified needed improvements to maximize production from the completed Yakima Hatchery project.  A large number of streams in the two basins were reviewed.

Results:
Data pertinent to the construction of the Yakima Hatchery project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Conduct a water analysis study on the constraints to hatchery production in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Conduct a water analysis study on the constraints to hatchery production in the Yakima Basin. A large number of streams were reviewed.

ProjectBackground:
There was a long-term effort on the part of Washington, the Yakama Tribe and BPA to improve the fisheries of the Yakima and Klickitat basins.


ProjectShortDescription:
Project to provide for parking space in Yakima at the BPA Division of Fish and Wildlife office was funded and executed but contract no longer available.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Project to provide for parking space in Yakima at the BPA Division of Fish and Wildlife office was funded and executed but contract no longer available.


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR S - M&P SUPPORT SERVICES

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhed project, i.e. BPA Materials and Procurement support services.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhed project, i.e. BPA Materials and Procurement support services.

ShortTitle:
BPA -OVERHEAD FOR MATERIALS & PROCUREMENT SUPPORT

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Overhead Support for Materials and Procurement Support Services


Milestones:
To understand the lifecycle of IHNV, naturally and experimentally infected salmonids were monitored for virus throughout their life history.  Tissue culture assays and immunohisto-chemistry were used to detect infectious virus, and oligonucleotide probes are being employed to detect latent virus.  In addition to following the spread and persistence of the virus within fish, the antibody response of the fish was monitored over time to determine if an anti-IHNV immune response was mounted.  Host specificity and virulence of each biochemical and antigenic type of IHNV were investigated to determine if virulence is correlated with viral characteristics. Several salmonid species were artificially challenged with each type of IHNV and LD50 values for each virus strain in each fish stock calculated.  Possible sources and reservoirs of IHNV studied were nonsalmonid fish, aquatic invertebrates, and water.  Several new methods of detecting IHNV in situ were optimized. These include oligonucleotide probes to the viral nucleocapsid (N) and glycoprotein genes and the use of monoclonal antibody to viral N protein.  A dot blot assay was developed for the detection of anti-IHNV antibodies in fish serum and a new rapid coagglutination test was successfully employed to specifically identify IHNV.  Virulence testing of IHNV isolates from spawning kokanee and Chinook salmon was initiated and no significant differences in virulence have been observed for virus taken throughout the spawning run. Samples of aquatic organisms and water were taken from two river systems, but no virus has been detected. . It should be determined whether IHNV exists as a latent infection, and whether virulence can be associated with virus type

Publications:
Research Studies on the Life Cycle of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus DOE/BP 92431-1

Results:
This research revealed some of those elements which influence the incidence and prevalence of IHNV in salmonid populations. These results will increase the understanding of the epizootiology of IHNV and eventually produce rapid, effective methods of detecting IHNV.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of the life cycle of IHN, a devastating disease of salmonids in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The IHN Virus causes a devastating disease of salmonids in the Columbia River Basin.  The aims of this research are to elucidate the lifecycle of IHN Virus and variations in virulence, and to define the sources and reservoirs of infection.  These results will produce an understanding of the epizootiology of the virus and lead to the development of more effective prevention and control measures.  The overall benefit of this research is it will lead to an increased understanding of IHNV, leading to improved methods of preventing and controlling IHNV  This in turn will enhance production of endangered and nonendangered salmonid species in the Columbia River Basin

LongTitle:
Research Studies on the Life Cycle of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)


ProjectTitle:
DWORSHAK W/L PROTECTION,MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENT

Milestones:
The Habitat Evaluation Procedure (HEP) was used to evaluate pre- and post-construction habitat conditions above and below Dworshak Dam  A total of 15,188 acres of low-elevation terrestrial habitat and 1,782 acres of free-flowing river were inundated by Dworshak Reservoir  The Dworshak project resulted in estimated losses of 16 breeding Canada goose HU's, 91 black-capped chickadee HU's, 4,312 river otter HU's, 3,524 pileated woodpecker HU's, 11,603 elk HU's, and 8,906 white-tailed deer HU's  The project also resulted in estimated gains of 323 wintering Canada goose HU's, 2,678 wintering bald eagle HU's, 1,674 osprey HU's, and 119 yellow warbler HU's

Publications:
Phase II:  Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, & Enhancement  Planning - Dworshak Reservoir DOE/BP 92631-1

Results:
Through a series of protection and enhancement actions proposed by an inter-agency team of biologists, the mitigation plan will provide benefits of an estimated 25,328 target species HU's to mitigate for lost Dworshak wildlife habitat values.

ProjectShortDescription:
Establish quantitative estimates of the impacts to wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Dworshak Dam and recommend mitigation efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Establish quantitative estimates using HEP (Habitat Evaluation Procedure) analysis of the impacts to wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Dworshak Dam and recommend mitigation efforts.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of this project was to develop quantitative estimates of the net effects to wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Dworshak Dam and to recommend protection, mitigation, and enhancement actions for target wildlife species

ShortTitle:
DWORSHAK WILDLIFE MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENT

LongTitle:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, and Enhancement Planning - Dworshak Reservoir


Milestones:
Between 1988 and 1990 stocking continued at @ $60,000 for rainbow trout.  In 1990 the USFWS was funded by BPA to develop a fish management plan for the reservation.  In 1991 stocking continued and $25,000 added to the budget to cover the management plan.  Stocking continued through 1994 with costs at approximately the $60,000 level.  For 1995 funding has increased to $100,000 to cover weed eradication, truck leasing, and  overhead. Funding continued from 1988 through 1994..

Results:
Provide sports fishery on Mountain View and Sheep Creek Reservoirs on the Duck Valley Reservation by purchasing and stocking trout

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund fish purchase for Sheep Creek and Mtn.View Reservoirs and manage the sport fishery of the reservoirs.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund fish purchase for Sheep Creek and Mtn.View Reservoirs on the Duck Valley Indian Reservation and contribute to management costs of the sport fishery at the reservoirs.

ProjectBackground:
Due to the complete destruction of the anadromous fish migration up the Owyhee river basin and other traditional fishing areas.  U.S.F.W.S. funded a fish stocking program.  Between 1956 and 1980 trout were stocked on the Duck Valley Indian Reservation by the USFWS.  Budget constraints ended this program.  In 1988 John Palensky of BPA met with Edith Manning from the Shoshone - Piute Tribe and agreed to fund fish purchases.

LongTitle:
Duck Valley Resident Fish Stocking Program


ProjectTitle:
EVAL BEHAVIOR OF OXYGEN REARED FISH (OSU)

Milestones:
Control and high density reared fish were compared for downstream migration behavior and residuals, as well as impact on resident species  This gave a preliminary evaluation of the project about 5 years before the adults begin returning  To validate total survival estimates, some adults were radio tagged at Willamette Falls and noted either as hatchery returns, natural spawners, or losses. The objectives of this project included an engineering evaluation of the oxygen contractor and supply system and a detailed plan for aquaculture engineering of the project.

Results:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this effort.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate high density reared fish (in an enriched oxygen environment)  as they migrate downstream. This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate high density reared fish (in an enriched oxygen environment)  as they migrate downstream. This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectBackground:
Oxygen enriched hatchery operations was an attractive concept in the Columbia River Basin.  It provided a way to greatly increase the number of juveniles produced.  However, the use of supplemental oxygen allows rearing of salmon at much higher densities than usual, and this may impact the health and behavior of the fish.

ShortTitle:
STUDY FISH REARED IN ENRICHED OXYGEN ENVIRONMENT

LongTitle:
evaluate Behavior of Fish Reared in Enriched Oxygen Environment


Milestones:
The project provided for a technical evaluation of research methods and an engineering evaluation of the physical system  Also included was a plan to evaluate the project.  Efforts included reviewing and refine the project operation manual; 2  Conduct an engineering evaluation of the oxygen contactor and supply system; 3  Provide a detailed plan for aquaculture engineering of the project; and 4  Attend quarterly meetings of the Steering Committee.

Publications:
Evaluation of Pure Oxygen Systems at the Willamette Hatchery DOE/BP 00852-1

Results:
Better understanding of oxygen enriched hatchery operation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical evaluation of research methods and engineering evaluation of physical system invovled in oxygen supplementation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical evaluation of research methods and engineering evaluation of physical system invovled in oxygen supplementation.

ProjectBackground:
Oxygen enriched hatchery operations was an attractive concept in the Columbia River Basin.  It provided a way to greatly increase the number of juveniles produced.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF OXYGEN SUPPLEMENTATION EQUIPMENT

LongTitle:
Engineering Evaluation of Oxygen Supplementation Equipment


ProjectTitle:
MIGRATORY CHAR OF SPR CHINOOK IN WILLAMETTE RIVER

Milestones:
Project determined how oxygen supplementation and rearing density practices at Willamette Hatchery affect the outmigration of juvenile spring Chinook salmon.  Parameters under study included: extent and timing of migration; habitat use characteristics; diel periodicity; stress response; and smolting processes.  Results from 1992/1993 were integrated with those results of the previous 4 years of research to provide a comprehensive final report.

Publications:
Migratory Behavior of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon in the Willamette River and its Tributaries DOE/BP 92818-4.  
Migratory Characteristics of Juvenile Spring Chinook Salmon in the Willamette River DOE/BP 92818-5

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine how oxygen supplementation and rearing density practices at Willamette Hatchery affect the outmigration of junvile spring chinook.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine how oxygen supplementation and rearing density practices at Willamette Hatchery affect the outmigration of junvile spring chinook.

ShortTitle:
SPRING CHINOOK OUTMIGRATION IN THE WILLAMETTE

LongTitle:
Outmigration Characteristics of Spring Chinook in the Willamette River


ProjectTitle:
EFFECTS OF CODED-WIRE TAG ON SPRING CHINOOK

Milestones:
At each of three hatcheries (Carson, Cowlitz, and Oak Ridge), the entire production of spring Chinook salmon were marked with temperature induced otoliths marks and 25 percent with coded- wire tags.

Publications:
Effects of Coded-Wire Tagging on the Survival of Spring Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 93158-1

Results:
Impact of handling, etc. on juvenile salmonids.

ProjectShortDescription:
Measure differential survival and growth between tagged and untagged spring chinook.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Measure differential survival and growth between tagged and untagged spring chinook. Three hatcheries were utilized (Carson, Cowlitz & Oak Ridge) to determine impacts of handling juneviles.

ProjectBackground:
Washington Department of Fisheries desired to determine if juvenile spring Chinook salmon which have been handled, anesthetized, adipose fin-clipped, and coded- wire tagged, return as adults to hatcheries in lower proportions to juveniles released than noncoded-wire tagged fish

ShortTitle:
EFFECTS OF CODED-WIRE TAGGING ON SPRING CHINOOK

LongTitle:
Effects of Coded-Wire Tagging on the Survival of Spring Chinook


ProjectTitle:
ADP CHARGEBACK FOR IBM COMPUTER SERVICES

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA IBM computer services from ADP

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA IBM computer services from ADP

ShortTitle:
BPA - ADP CHARGEBACK FOR IBM COMPUTER SERVICES

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - ADP Chargeback for IBM computer Services


Milestones:
BPA worked with Central Washington University Economics Department to evaluate the economic impacts of the construction and fish production of the Yakima Hatchery project  The study was completion in 1989.

Publications:
Yakima/Klickitat Production Project Preliminary Design Report  - Appendix D DOE/BP 00245-5

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate the economic impacts of the construction and fish production of the Yakima Hatchery project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate the economic impacts of the construction and fish production of the Yakima Hatchery project.

ProjectBackground:
There was a long-term effort on the part of Washington, the Yakima Tribe and BPA to improve the fisheries of the Yakima and Klickitat basins.


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR OM&C - COLVILLE HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. from BPA Operations, Maintenance and Construction for the Colville Hatchery effort

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. from BPA Operations, Maintenance and Construction for the Colville Hatchery effort

ShortTitle:
BPA - OVERHEAD COSTS FOR O&M AT COLVILLE HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead Costs for Construction and Operations and Maintenance for Colville Tribal Hatchery


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Lands Division support for the Umatilla Passage effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Lands Division support for the Umatilla Passage effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - LANDS SUPPORT FOR UMATILLA PASSAGE

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Lands Support for Umatilla Passage


ProjectTitle:
STRM SURVEY,HATCHERY,HABITAT IMP,MONT COEUR D'

ProjectShortDescription:
Internal support project. This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.


ProjectTitle:
WILDLIFE MITIGATION - ENHANCEMENT (OR,WA,ID,MT)

ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for wildlife mitigation and enhancemnt efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for wildlife mitigation and enhancemnt efforts.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PLACEHOLDER FOR WILDLIFE MITIGATION

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Placeholder for Wildlife Mitigation and Enhancement (OR, WA, ID, & MT)


ProjectTitle:
DESIGN, CONSTR, EVAL JOHN DAY ACCL FACILITY

ShortTitle:
DESIGN THE JOHN DAY ACCLIMATION FACILITY

LongTitle:
Design, Construct, and Evaluate the John Day Aclimation Facility


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project.Product fashioned in BPA shops.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project. Product fashioned in BPA shops.


Milestones:
Activities included obtaining information needed to acquire or develop conservation easements, cooperative management agreements, or fee-title acquisitions; providing for local coordination; and recommending management/monitoring plans for wildlife habitats protected. Conservation easement for Sharptail Grouse were negotiated with Nature Conservancy.  Procurement request for no-cost time extension of Financial Assistance Award (3 months) allowed sufficient time for transfer of Financial Assistance Award funds to the Montana Wildlife Mitigation Trust fund account.

Publications:
Libby/Hungry Horse Dams Wildlife Mitigation:  Montana Wildlife Habitat Protection DOE/BP 00926-1

Results:
Protection of specific wildlife habitats.

ProjectShortDescription:
Obtain information necessary to evaluate and undertake specific wildlife protection/enhancement actions in northwest Montana.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Obtain information necessary to evaluate and undertake specific wildlife protection/enhancement actions in northwest Montana. Focus was on the sharptail grouse project.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of the project was to obtain information necessary to evaluate and undertake specific wildlife protection/enhancement actions in northwest Montana, outlined in the Fish and Wildlife Program.


ProjectTitle:
EVAL OF UMATILLA R BASIN ENHNCMNT PROJECTS

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF UMATILLA R BASIN ENHANCEMENT PROJECT

LongTitle:
Evaluation of the Umatilla Basin Enhancement Projects


ProjectTitle:
EVAL UMATILLA BASIN PRJ - 3-MILE/WEID CANAL SCR

Milestones:
1992-1993:  completed evaluation of Westland and Maxwell; initiated work at Three-Mile/WEID and Feed Canal.  Evaluations document the mean net weighted injury rates for fish from treatment and control groups, mean difference between treatment and control net weighted injury rates, numbers and lengths of fall chinook fry and subyearlings impinged on the drum screens; and observed passage problems and causes.  The evaluations also provide estimated travel time; estimated diversion rates for test fish at existing headgate settings, estimated recapture rates, and recommendations to remedy passage problems.  Measured hydraulic patterns at the screening facility at WEID Canal.Correct facilities constructed to allow proper adult and juvenile passage.  The next 2 years will be the design of how to use the juvenile facilities to give an estimate of smolts leaving the Umatilla Basin into the Columbia RiverTesting has been completed.  Tests show acceptable levels of damage and/or mortalities at all facilities.

Publications:
Evaluation of Juvenile Fish Bypass & Adult Fish Passage Facilities at Three-Mile Falls Dam, Umatilla River DOE/BP 01385-1;   
Evaluation of Juvenile Fish Bypass & Adult Fish Passage Facilities at Three-Mile Falls Dam, Umatilla River DOE/BP 01385-2;   
Evaluation of Juvenile Fish Bypass & Adult Fish Facilities at Water Diversions in the Umatilla River DOE/BP 01385-3;   
Evaluation of Juvenile Fish Bypass and Adult Fish Passage Facilities at Water Diversions in the Umatilla River DOE/BP 01385-4;   
Evaluation of Juvenile Fish Bypass and Adult Fish Passage Facilities at Water Diversions in the Umatilla River DOE/BP 01385-5;   
Evaluation of Juvenile Salmonid  Outmigration and Survival in the Lower Umatilla River Basin DOE/BP 01385-6

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine migration characteristics, migrant abundance, survival, and health of outmigrating natural and hatchery juvenile salmonids in the Umatilla River; investigate relationships between environmental parameters and migration; determine effective routes of passage at Three Mile Falls Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine outmigration characteristics, abundance, survival, & health of natural and hatchery juvenile salmonids in the Umatilla R; investigate relationships between environment & migration; determine routes of passage at Three Mile Falls Dam.

ProjectBackground:
The project will evaluate loss of juvenile fish through or over Weid Canal screens and to determine mortality, and/or injury rates associated with the screen-bypass system.  The second major objective is to answer the question of  why large number of fall chinook spawn below Three Mile Dam rather than proceeding upstream.  Is it because of passage facilities or some other reasons?

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF UMATILLA PROJECT- SMOLT MIGRATION

LongTitle:
Evaluation of Juvenile Salmonid Outmigration and Survival in the Lower Umatilla River Basin


ProjectTitle:
ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR SPOKANE TRIBAL HTCH

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Spokane Tribal Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Spokane Tribal Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
BPA - SPOKANE TRIBAL HATCHERY ENGINEERING SUPPORT

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Engineering Support for the Spokane Tribal Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
POWER/REPAY O&M FOR USBR CPR PUMPING PROJ

Milestones:
The Phase I facilities were completed in FY 1993, allowing the first water exchanges with WEID to occur.  BPA contracts with PP&L for retail power service to the pump site.  BPA pays all power costs up front, then gets reimbursed by irrigators, via USBR for any power use for irrigation purposes. PP&L recovers cost of connection facilities in their rates.  FY 1994:  BPA completed supplementary NEPA analysis of the tapline needed to provide Phase II power.  Exchange started fall, 1994.  BPA contracts with UECA to provide power to the Phase II pump plants, including  design and construction of tap lines.  Timing/duration, etc.  of exchanges are determined by river operations group composed of ODFW, CTUIR, Irrigators, BPA, USBR etc.    FY 1995:  Provide power to completed Columbia River pumps.(Phase 2)  Complete NEPA review of Cold Springs Pump power line, and constructFY 1996-7: Complete Phase 2 facilities needed for Stanfield exchange and provide power.

Results:
Water in the Umatilla River for fish passage.

ProjectShortDescription:
Establish retail power service agreements to provide power to operate pumps and associated facilities needed to carry out water exchanges which enhance flows for fish runs in the Umatilla river

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Establish retail power service agreements to provide power to operate pumps and associated facilities needed to carry out water exchanges which enhance flows for fish runs in the Umatilla river. See also project 8740900.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of this project was to enhance instream flows to Umatilla by exchanging Umatilla River water for Columbia River water.  Initially it will involve continuing existing interim pumping program (see 87-409-00).  As permanent facilities are phased in by BR, BPA will provide power to operate pumps through retail service agreements with local utilities.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA - COLUMBIA WATER EXCHANGE PROJECT

LongTitle:
Umatilla Utility Service Contract for Pumping Facilities at Sandpoint


Milestones:
Purchased right to use about 3,000 acre feet of water stored in McKay Reservoir for fish passage flow augmentation during fall 1989.

ProjectShortDescription:
Purchase water stored in McKay Reservoir, Umatilla River Basin,  for fish passage flow augmentation during the fall 1989.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Purchase water stored in McKay Reservoir, Umatilla River Basin,  for fish passage flow augmentation during the fall 1989.

ProjectBackground:
Water was required to sustain flows in the Umatilla River for fish passage.

LongTitle:
Stanfield/ McKay Reservoir  Water Release Project


ProjectTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION - PELTON LADDER - HATCHERY

Milestones:
Created sections, construct water lines, summer 1994, and install screens spring 1995.  Auxillary water supply.  Design 1995 construction spring and summer 1996,) FY 1995/96:  Begin rearing spring chinook smolts FY 1996:  First smolt releases FY 1998:  Final report on experiment to determine ladder rearing capacity.

Publications:
Hood River & Pelton Ladder Evaluation Studies DOE/BP 00631-1; Pelton Ladder Master Plan DOE/BP 01930-1
Cramer, S.P.  1991.  Genetic risk assessment of the Hood River component, Northeast Oregon Salmon and Steelhead Facilities.  Progress Report to the Nez Perce Tribal Executive Committee and Nez Perce Fisheries Resource Management.  S.P. Cramer and Associates, Fisheries Consultants.  Corvallis, Oregon.

Results:
Low cost conversion of a portion of the Pelton Ladder for hatchery purposes.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund the production and rearing of Deschutes River spring chinook at Round Butte Hatchery and Pelton Ladder for subsequent release into the Hood and Deschutes rivers.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund the production and rearing of Deschutes River spring chinook at Round Butte Hatchery and Pelton Ladder for subsequent release into the Hood and Deschutes rivers.

ProjectBackground:
Project was started as a low cost production program using, to the extant practable, existing facilities.  The first contract addressed constuction and rehibiitation efforts at Pelton Ladder (a 2.8 mile long facility) to develop three new extended rearing cells.  The cells were completed September 1995 and additional spring chinook were transferred to the new cells.  Plans are to use the production from two cells to re-establish spring chinook in the HoodRiver system and to evaluate the effects of the new cells on the existing production (mitigation for PGE projects in Deschutes River system.    The contract will be converted fromm a construction project to a production project in October 1995.

ShortTitle:
HOOD RIVER PRODUCTION - PELTON LADDER HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Hood River Production Program  - Pelton Dam Fish Ladder Project Monitoring And Evaluation


Milestones:
The project examined the capability of the Pelton Ladder to rear additional spring chinook smolts over the 210,000 presently reared for Portland General Electric. It detailed the value, feasibility, and costs of providing a genetics monitoring program associated with the expansion and rearing and the release of additional spring chinook smolts from Pelton ladder.  It detailed the value, feasibility and costs of evaluating the genetic impacts of additional releases of hatchery-reared spring chinook in various streams on wild populations.  Ecological impacts were also considered.

Results:
Capability is available.  The project is feasible.

ProjectShortDescription:
Detail value, feasibility, and cost associated with the need for additional genetic and environmental studies of the Pelton Ladder project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Detail value, feasibility, and cost associated with the need for additional genetic and environmental studies of the Pelton Ladder project on the Deschutes River.

ProjectBackground:
The Pelton Ladder hatchery low-cost alternative for rearing is attractive versus higher cost formal hatchery facilities.    The present releases from the ladder are surviving at a 2-1/2 times higher rate than for Round Butte Hatchery releases.


ProjectTitle:
EVAL OF PRE-REL TEMP ACCLMAT GROUND WATER HTCHS

Milestones:
Objectives included: providing Klickitat River acclimation water to the Klickitat Hatchery site; comparing the performance (survival of adults to hatchery rack) of spring Chinook smolts raised in and released directly from a ground water supplied hatchery to smolts released from the same hatchery following acclimation with the ambient tributary receiving water for a period of time before release. Modifications and construction of water delivery system and rearing units were completed alone with tagging of the first brood year.  A new water supply line from the adult holding pond to the fish ladder was constructed to provide attraction water for returning adults.  This will help prevent loss of acclimated returning adults which often escaped into the upper Klickitat River and thus becoming unrecoverable.  In 1994 the health of yearlings was assessed via ATPASE and ELISA screening.  1989-1991 brood began to return in 1994 and adipose clipped fish's nose were be excised and cut, removed, and decoded.  Also tag information from PSMFC was compiled for 1994.

Publications:
Effects of Acclimation of the Survival of Spring Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 00467-1.  
Effects of Acclimation on the Survival of Spring Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 00467-2

Results:
Comparison of water types for hatchery use.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide Klickitat River acclimation water to the Klickitat Hatchery.  Construct the facilities required, then rear and release four brood years of spring chinook under various rearing conditions.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide Klickitat River acclimation water to the Klickitat Hatchery.  Construct the facilities required, then rear and release four brood years of spring chinook under various rearing conditions.

ProjectBackground:
Several hatcheries that raise spring and summer Chinook yearlings use ground water from wells or springs.  Smolts are generally released from rearing ponds supplied with ground water directly into a tributary of ambient temperature surface water.  Ground water usually has different chemical characteristics than surface water and the temperature remains relatively constant, whereas surface water varies in temperature.  It is thought that acclimation to varying temperature regimes and the chemical characteristics of the ambient receiving water could enhance post-release survival, possible through improved smoltification.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF RIVER  WATER FOR KLICKITAT HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Effects of Acclimation on the Survival of Spring Chinook Salmon Using Klickitat River Water at Klickitat Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
RESCH OF ELISA-BASED SEGREG OF ADLT CHNK FOR BKD

Milestones:
This project used the Enzyme Linked Immune Assay to separate various salmon that have a known (by ELISA).  In the case of bacterial kidney disease, a series of sensitive MAB-based diagnostics were developed which take advantage of: 1.  The universality and abundance of a specific Renibacterium salmoninarum antigen (p57).  2.  MABs that can distinguish between physically separate epitopes on this molecule.  In two of these assays (ELISAs), MABs were chosen which recognize distinct portions of p57 in an antigen-capture assay.  This combination of MABs confers considerable specificity in that a potentially cross-reactive molecule must share two distinct p57-like epitopes.  Thus, it was found that this assay eliminates false positives and the background reactivity observed in comparable polyclonal-based ELISAs.  These antibodies have also been used in the development of a confirmatory western blot assay.  Here three MABs were used together with a sensitive chemiluminescent reagent system resulting in a sensitivity comparable to an ELISA procedure level of BKD and trace their progeny to see if that level contributes to the disease.

Publications:
ELISA-Based Segregation of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon for Control of Bacterial Kidney Disease DOE/BP 95906-1.  
ELISA-Based Segregation of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon for Control of Bacterial Kidney Disease DOE/BP 95906-2.  
ELISA-based Segregation of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon for Control of Bacterial Kidney Disease DOE/BP 95906-3

Results:
A fast, reliable, mass sorting method to control BKD.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund effort to find a fast. reliable, mass sorting method to control BKD.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund effort to find a fast. reliable, mass sorting method to control BKD, the major disease obstacle in spring and summer chinook culture in the NW.

ProjectBackground:
This project was funded to find a fast, reliable, mass sorting method to control BKD. .  If Research finds there is a link between the adult BKD antigen level and the disease in the progeny the rapid findings of the ELISA may help control BKD which is the most prevalent obstacle in spring and summer Chinook culture in the Pacific Northwest. The advent of monoclonal antibody (MAB) technology provides an unprecedented advancement to immunodiagnostic design in fish health assessment.  This advancement is not simply due to the consistency and quality of the resultant diagnostics, but also because these tools exploit the advantages of epitopic complexity to enhance diagnostic specificity.

ShortTitle:
ELISA-BASED SEGREGATION OF ADULT CHINOOK FOR BKD

LongTitle:
Research and Control of Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) Via Elisa Segregation of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon


Milestones:
This project was designed to assemble the data necessary to register erythromycin for use in salmon culture against R.  salmoninarum.  The final product was a drug registration package.  1.  Protocols for field trials of injectable and oral application of erythromycin were conducted at more than 60 hatcheries under the expanded INAP.  The protocols addressed dosages, intervals, eye stage, number of animals treated, human and animal safety, and disposal.  2.  Oregon Department of Agriculture transferred reporting of INAD 4333 used for erythromycin feed additive by hatcheries in the Pacific Northwest to the University of Idaho. Researchers worked on the analysis of the pharmacokinetics of erythromycin within the body of juvenile and adult salmon.  They also conducted dose titration experiments using both adult Chinook salmon. MIC assays for different forms of erythromycin were also performed. The fate of erythromycin in the tissues of adult and juvenile salmon was described during 1993. An approach for determining the optimal dosage regime for adult and juvenile salmon to be effective against bacterial kidney disease was established. The assays for soluble antigen of R. salmoninarum were compared with assays performed in other regional laboratories.

Publications:
FDA Approved Registration of Erythromycin for Treatment of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Juvenile & Adult Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 96247-1

Results:
Utilization of erythromycin as a drug in fish culture.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assemble the data necessary to register erythromycin for use in salmon culture against  R. salmoninarum.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assemble the data necessary to register erythromycin for use in salmon culture against  R. salmoninarum.

ProjectBackground:
The use of erythromycin in salmonid fish culture was allowed using experimental application permits.  The FDA required that the proper usage of the drug be determined for both adult and juvenile salmon.  These data had to be collected and the registration process completed before the FDA would allow use of this drug in salmon culture.

LongTitle:
FDA Approved Registration of Erythromycin for Treatment of BKD in Salmon


ProjectTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD WA HTCH (WDF)

Milestones:
1989-1990:  Fall 1989, tagging of first broods; spring 1990 release of first broods under FY90 funding. 1991-1992:  Tagging and releases of chinook and coho under FY91, 92 funding. 1993-1994:  Tagging and release of chinook and coho under FY92, 93 funding.  Over 6 million chinook and coho over FY90 to FY93 were tagged  Tagging of an additional 4 million chinook and coho in FY94 and FY95.  There was compliance with ESA regulations regarding releases of hatchery reared fish. First years of returns to hatcheries, first year of data analysis under objective 3.  1994-1995:  Continued tagging and release of chinook and coho under FY94 and FY95.  Continued recovery of snouts at hatcheries, continued analysis of adult survivals and contribution rates.  1995-1996:  Continued tagging and data analysis.  1996-1997:  Continued tagging and data analysis.  1997-1998:  Continued tagging and data analysis, data analysis for objective 3 complete.  1999-2000:  Continue tagging and data analysis.

Publications:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Washington) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01873-1;   
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Washington) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01873-2;  
 Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Washington) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01873-3

Results:
The survival rates are now complete for the 1986 brood chinook and 1988 brood coho for WDR hatcheries.  Survivals for chinook range from a low of 0.0001 percent for two lots of Wells summer chinook to a high of 2.4 percent for Cowlitz spring chinook.  Survivals for coho range from a low of 1.5 percent at Klickitat Hatchery to a high of 8.4 percent at Kalama F. Hatchery

ProjectShortDescription:
Use coded-wire tags to evaluate hatchery production.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Use coded-wire tags to evaluate hatchery production at 11 hatcheries: Grays River, Elokomin, Lower Kalama, Toutle, Cowlitze, Washougal, Klickitat, Ringold Springs, Rocky Reach, Wells and Kalama Falls.

ProjectBackground:
This project will implant coded-wire tags in selected production groups which have not been studied before.  The resulting data will allow the establishment  of survival rates for these hatcheries.  This in turn will reveal how closes  these facilities are to meeting their production goals.

ShortTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD WASHINGTON HATCH

LongTitle:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program - Washington State Hatcheries (WDF)


ProjectTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD WA HTCH (WDW)

ShortTitle:
ANNUAL CODED WIRE TAG PROGRAM - WDW HATCHERIES

LongTitle:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program - Washington (WDW) Hatcheries


ProjectTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD ID HTCH (IFG)

ShortTitle:
ANNUAL CODED WIRE TAG PROGRAM - IDFG HATCHERIES

LongTitle:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program - Idaho (IDFG) Hatcheries


ProjectTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD OR HTC (ODFW)

Milestones:
This project will implant coded-wire tags in certain missing production groups reared and released from specific hatcheries.  This will allow the establishment of survival rates for these hatcheries which in turn will facilitate the evaluation of how well of these facilities are meeting their production goals.  Coded Wire tag groups of fish released from McKenzie Hatchery during FY94 and FY95. Seventeen hatchies participated in this project.

Publications:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Oregon) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01610-1;  
 Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Oregon) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01610-2;   
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Oregon) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01610-3;   
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program (Oregon) Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01610-4

ProjectShortDescription:
Expand coded wire tag program to include all ODFW Columbia Basin hatchery coho and chinook salmon production releases not tagged by other programs.  Use data to evaluate trends in hatchery survival, hatchery rearing and release strategies, and as input to fishery management decisions.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Expand coded wire tag program to include all ODFW Columbia Basin hatchery coho and chinook salmon releases not tagged by other programs.  Evaluate trends in hatchery survival,  rearing and release strategies. Provide input to fishery management decisions.

ProjectBackground:
This project began in 1989 with the goal of production monitoring of all ODFW Columbia Basin hatchery salmon production releases.  The tool chosen for this task was the coded wire tag (CWT).  Since some of the production was already being tagged by other programs this project funded tagging of the remaining “missing” production groups.  This project works closely with the other tagging projects, ODFW stock assessment, Pacific Salmon commission tagging, and ODFW research to create a complete database of release and recovery information for all ODFW hatchery salmon in the Columbia Basin system.  This database is necessary to measure present and future levels of fish production by various hatchery and natural production components and to evaluate the success of BPA’s goal of doubling the size of fish runs in the Columbia Basin. This project will implant coded-wire tags in certain missing production groups reared and released from specific hatcheries.  This will allow the establishment of survival rates for these hatcheries which in turn will facilitate the evaluation of how well of these facilities are meeting their production goals.

ShortTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD OREGON HATCHERIE

LongTitle:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program - Oregon State Hatcheries (ODFW)


ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL -OVERHEAD (PERSONNEL /TRAVEL) - FY 90

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead (Personnel / Travel) - FY 90


ProjectTitle:
LIBBY DAM WILDLIFE / ENHANCEMENT PROJECT

Milestones:
Developed information necessary to evaluate and undertake wildlife habitat protection and enhancement in northwest Montana.  Developed mitigation program for Sharptail Grouse and develop and refined mitigation and protection programs for Libby and Hungry Horse Dams.  Included public participation program.

Publications:
Libby/Hungry Horse Dams Wildlife Mitigation Habitat Protection DOE/BP 07103-1.  
Northwest Montana Libby/Hungry Horse Dams Wildlife Mitigation Columbian Sharp-Tailed Grouse DOE/BP 07103-2

Results:
Further wildlife mitigation plans for Montana

ProjectShortDescription:
Wildlife mitigation in  Montana (Libby and Hungry Horse Dams.)

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Procede on wildlife mitigation in  Montana for the  Libby and Hungry Horse Dams. Develop mitigation program for Sharptail Grouse.  See also earlier project 8902300.

ProjectBackground:
Work had begun finding mitigation sites under project 8902300.

LongTitle:
Libby and Hungry Horse Dams Wildlife Enhancement Project


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR M - YAKIMA SCREENS PHASE II

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Maintenance support for the Yakima Screens phase II effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Maintenance support for the Yakima Screens phase II effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - MAINTENANCEOVERHEAD- YAKIMA SCREENS PHASE II

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Overhead Costs for Maintenance - Yakima Screens Phase II


ProjectTitle:
REALLOC LAND ACQISITION/COORD - FOR OM&C

ShortTitle:
BPA - REALLOCATION LAND ACQISITION & COORDINATION

LongTitle:
Reallocation Land Acquisition and Coordination  - for Operations, Maintenance and Construction


ProjectTitle:
REALLOC FOR NON-TREATY STORAGE AGREEMENT

ShortTitle:
BPA -REALLOCATION FOR NON-TREATY STORAGE AGREEMENT

LongTitle:
Reallocation for Non-Treaty Storage Agreement


Milestones:
Contributed approximately one-half the cost of building two new fish screen construction/maintenance facilities in Oregon, at La Grande and John Day.  NMFS provided remaining funds under the Mitchell Act.  The second phase included the production and installation of a multitude of screens.      Improved passage at 23 gravity diversion structures on Trout Creek.  Continue rotary fish screen implementation.  $0 of 293 have been identified as needing replacement.

Results:
Improved fish screen building facilities in Oregon and installation of screens.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assist in the construction of two fish screen shops (John Day & La Grande). Fabricate and install fish screens in John Day, Umatilla, & Walla Walla Basins and DeNiel fish passage structures in the Trout Creek (Deschutes Basin). Ensure access for wild summer steelhead to habitat improved by BPA funded restoration efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assist in construction of two fish screen shops (John Day & La Grande). Fabricate & install fish screens in John Day, Umatilla, & Walla Walla Basins & DeNiel fish passage structures in  Trout Cr (Deschutes Basin). Ensure access for wild summer steelhead.

ProjectBackground:
To improve salmonid survival in Oregon old inadequate fish screens needed to be replaced and others needed to be installed at new locations.  To facilitate this new fish screen shops were necessary.  Through the State fish screening program and other federal moneys (BPA \ Mitchell Act) numerous fish screens and passage facilities have been installed in Eastern Oregon  Basins.  This Project will provide substantial protection and enhancement of anadromous and resident stocks in the John Day, Umatilla, and Walla Walla Basins.     In the period between 1986 and 1994, BPA funded habitat improvement work in the Trout Creek Watershed.  During that time, 132 miles of riparian fence. 4,764 habitat structures, 11 spring developments, 20,923 feet of bank stabilization, 35 fish screens, and 750 cubic yards of spawning gravel was installed to improve summer steelhead habitat in an effort to increase natural production.  This project has several facets including the development of new fish screen shops, replacement of defective fish screen.  This project will also supplement the previous habitat work on Trout Creek by improving passage at 13 gravity diversion structures.  Currently local landowners push up gravel berms annually to impound water to supply gravity diversions.  These berms typically are installed with heavy machinery in April and are only removed by high water, usually in January.  These berms delay or prevent upstream migration of adult steelhead, downstream migration of steelhead smolts, and the upstream migration of juvenile steelhead attempting to move upstream to cooler head waters as water temperatures increase in the summer.


ProjectTitle:
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION (CEA)

Milestones:
Assessed the cumulative impacts of anadromous fish production on wild and naturally spawning populations.

Results:
The products include suggestions for change and will examine alternatives to the anadromous fish production status quo that achieve the most prudent course for meeting needs for anadromous fish production.   The assessment will benefit stocks listed as threatened or endangered.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the impact of artificial anadromous fish production on wild and naturally spawning populations.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the impact of artificial anadromous fish production on wild and naturally spawning populations.

ProjectBackground:
An understanding of the impacts to wild populations by status quo production of hatchery salmon and steelhead is important.

ShortTitle:
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF SALMONID PRODUCTION

LongTitle:
Comprehensive Analysis of Anadromous Fish Production


ProjectTitle:
GRANDE RONDE MODEL WATERSHED HABITAT PROJECTS

Milestones:
Implementation of GRMWP Operations/Action Plan through continued efforts in working with landowner groups to develop subbasin action plans, aiding with project planning and development (including site visits, technical assistance, and writing funding proposals), project implementation and follow-up, and effectiveness monitoring (strategy for each subwatershed) to determine cumulative effects as well as specific project monitoring.  Currently the process is being implemented in several subwatersheds throughout the Grande Ronde basin.  In cooperation with landowners and various state and federal funding sources, approximately 95 projects are in various stages if implementation.Projects are designed to address identified limiting factors for salmonids and include such actions as fish passage structures; irrigation diversion improvements; riparian and rangeland livestock management/off -stream watering; bank stabilization to reduce sediment/erosion and improve water quality/fish habitat; technical seminars addressing riparian grazing/public education projects in coordination with local schools.1994:  Carson Creek Mine Tailings pile stabilization.  Indian Creek Sedimentation and water quality control projects.  Not funded until 1995.1995:  Phase 1, Catherine Creek Fish Passage, Upper Grande Ronde LWD placement, Fox Hill Road sedimentation reduction.

ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder. Develop and implement projects which will restore proper watershed functions in the Grande Ronde Basin.  Provide the required spawning, rearing and migration habitat for endangered salmonids.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder. Develop and implement projects which will restore proper watershed functions in the Grande Ronde Basin.  Provide the required spawning, rearing and migration habitat for endangered salmonids.

ProjectBackground:
Model Watershed project prioritization, design, and implementation process completed with development of Operations/Action Plan in May 1994.  Back-up biological/habitat document completed in May, 1994.  Further development refined by subbasin actions plans in conjunction with Oregon  Watershed Health Program. (No funds are carried with this project number.  Rather they are dispersed as 9402701, 9402702, etc.)

ShortTitle:
BPA -GRANDE RONDE MODEL WATERSHED HABITAT PROJECTS

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Placeholder for Grande Ronde Model Watershed Habitat Projects


ProjectTitle:
CATHERINE CREEK DIVERSION DAM REPLACEMENT

Milestones:
Improved fish passage around diversion dams.

Results:
Improved migration options for salmonids.

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve fish passage at Union intake and at Swackhammer and Wright-Hempe-Hutchinson dams on Catherine Creek (rm17-21 in the Grande Ronde Basin.]

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve fish passage at Union intake and at Swackhammer and Wright-Hempe-Hutchinson dams on Catherine Creek (rm17-21 in the Grande Ronde Basin.]

ProjectBackground:
Three diversion dams on Catherine in the vicinity of  Union were impacting the migration of salmonids.  The goal of this project was to Improve fish passage at these sites.

ShortTitle:
CATHERINE CREEK DIVERSION DAM REPLACEMENT

LongTitle:
Catherine Creek Diversion Dam Replacement


Milestones:
The road was moved as far away from the reek as possible to the westerly portion of the existing right-of-way.  It was also elevated as needed to keep the surface above the stream even at high flow conditions.  Culverts with armored headwalls were installed as necessary.  Cut slopes were seeded to minimize erosion.

Results:
Improved road, decreased sediment in Haywire Creek and the Grande Ronde.

ProjectShortDescription:
Reconstruct 2.5 miles of the upper Fox Hill Road as far away as possible from the creek, install culverts and headwalls, elevate and resurface road.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Reconstruct 2.5 miles of the upper Fox Hill Road as far away as possible from the creek, install culverts and headwalls, elevate and resurface road.

ProjectBackground:
Fox Hill Road accesses the La Grande landfill site and several private residences.  It is also a major access route to national forest lands.  While generally improved there is a 2.5 mile section of intermittently rocked or simply dirt road.  Heavy use causes large quantities of sediment to be washed directly into the drainage.  Highflow events downcut the road.  BPA cost shared in the amount of 14% of the project to improve the Fox Hill Road in order to reduce sediment in the adjacent Haywire Creek

ShortTitle:
FOX HILL ROAD IMPROVEMENTS, GRANDE RONDE BASIN

LongTitle:
Grande Ronde Model Watershed - Fox Hill Road Improvements


ProjectTitle:
CLEARWATER DITCH DIVERSION STRUCTURE(GRANDE RONDE)

Milestones:
A permanent diversion structure was built with a new headgate, pool, fish passage facilities, water measuring device, and new fish screens.  It was constructed such that it can be retrofitted to collect adult chinook for future hatchery needs.

Results:
A major passage problem on the Lostine River was resolved.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop a permanent facility with headgate, fool, fish passage, fish screens, and water measuring device on the Lostine River at the Clearwater Diversion.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop a permanent facility with headgate, fool, fish passage, fish screens, and water measuring device on the Lostine River at the Clearwater Diversion.

ProjectBackground:
BPA cost shared in the amount of 41% of the project to mitigate for salmon passage problems due to an irrigation pushup dam in the lower Lostine River.  The other participants were the SWCD and the Watershed Health Program.

ShortTitle:
CLEARWATER DITCH DIVERSION (GRANDE RONDE BASIN)

LongTitle:
Clearwater Ditch Diversion Structure (Grande Ronde Model Watershed)


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for employee development and training.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for employee development and training.

ShortTitle:
BPA - OVERHEAD (EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT-TRAINING)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead (Employee Development and Training)


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE

Milestones:
The Hatchery is used for egg incubation and rearing of spring chinook, fall chinook and summer steelhead.  Two satellite facilities (Bonifer Ponds and Minthorne Pond) are used for adult trapping/holding/spawning and juvenile fish acclimation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide for O & M at Umatilla Fish Hatchery which supplies the majority of the fish production for restoring salmon and supplementing steelhead populations in the Umatilla River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide for O & M at Umatilla Fish Hatchery which supplies the majority of the fish production for restoring salmon and supplementing steelhead populations in the Umatilla River.

ProjectBackground:
The Umatilla Fish Hatchery was authorized under the Northwest Power Planning Council’s (NPPC) Fish and Wildlife Program and began operation in 1991.  Hatchery funding is provided by Bonneville Power Administration.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE

LongTitle:
Umatilla Hatchery Operations and Maintenance Agreement


Milestones:
The main thrust of this project was to develop a method to utilize malachite green in the treatment of adult salmon and incubating eggs without contaminating adjacent water resources.  The key efforts were: 1.  Identify and test existing methods for measuring malachite green analogs in water; 2.  Develop a method to detect all three forms of malachite green with a detection limit of 10 ppb total Malachite Green; 3.  Develop techniques to ensure sensitivity and reliability of malachite green in waters of a variety of water chemistries; and 4.  Determine if the analytical method will accurately detect malachite green at 10 ppb in hatchery effluents containing feces, debris, biota, and metabolites. Utilized a calorimetric procedure with prior concentration of Malachite Green as a SEP-PAK column for identifying levels of the Malachite Green analogs.  It appeared that the procedure will give sensitivity and detection levels for most 10 ppb situations.

Publications:
Analytical Methods for Malachite Green DOE/BP 96356-2

Results:
The ability to utilize malachite green as an antifungal agent for pacific salmon adults and for treatment of incubating eggs and for the parasite Ichthirpterius.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop and test enhanced analytical methods to detect malachite green in hatchery effluent.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop a method to utilize malachite green in the treatement of adult salmon and incubating eggs without contaminating adjacent water resources. Test enhanced analytical methods to detect malachite green in hatchery effluent.

ProjectBackground:
Malachite Green has been demonstrated to be an effective fungicide in controlling diseases of spring Chinook.  However, it is also a contaminant in effluent hatchery wastewater and must be detected and removed if its use is to be continued.

LongTitle:
Analytical Methods For Malachite Green Detection

PrimaryAgency:
NBS / USFWS - NAT FISH RES CTR - LA CROSSE


Milestones:
BPA funded the preliminary design of a hatchery facility in the Klickitat Basin of Washington State.  The preliminary design included: preliminary engineering, water analysis, layouts, permit identification, environmental analysis, economic analysis, production planning, and cost estimates.  The preliminary design was completed by 1990

Results:
Preliminary design for a hatchery in the Klickitat Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund preliminary design of a hatchery facility in the Klickitat Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund preliminary design of a hatchery facility for the Yakama Indian Nation in the Klickitat Basin.

ShortTitle:
KLICKITAT TRIBAL HATCHERY PRELIMINARY ENGINEERING

LongTitle:
Klickitat Tribal Hatchery Preliminary Design and Engineering


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - PRELIMINARY ENGINEERING

Milestones:
BPA funded the preliminary design of hatchery facilities in the Yakima River Basin of Washington State.  The preliminary design included: preliminary engineering, water analysis, layouts, permit identification, environmental and economic analysis, production planning, and cost estimates.  The preliminary design was completed by 1990.

Publications:
Yakima/Klickitat Production Project Preliminary Design Report  - Appendix C DOE/BP 00245-4

Results:
Preliminary design for a hatchery in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund preliminary design of  hatchery facilities in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund preliminary design of  hatchery facilities in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
There is a long-term effort on the part of Washington, the Yakima Tribe and BPA to improve the fisheries of the Yakima and Klickitat basins.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - PRELIMINARY ENGINEERING

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Preliminary Design and Engineering


ProjectTitle:
WHITE STURGEON LIFE HISTORY AND GENETICS STUDY

Milestones:
This study investigated the responses of young sturgeon to changes in temperature, flow, and other variables.  It also addressed the potential for artificial propagation and identify genetic distinction between populations.  The project continued through FY 1990.

Results:
The results will be used to develop sturgeon protection, mitigation, and enhancement measures.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide basic life history information for white sturgeon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide basic life history information for white sturgeon. Investigate the responses of young sturgeon to changes in tempoerature, flow, and other variables. Address potential for artificial propagation. Identify genetic distinctions between populations.

ProjectBackground:
This multiyear study of sturgeon, formerly Project 8331600, provided basic life history information to be used in future evaluations of hydroelectric impacts.

ShortTitle:
WHITE STURGEON LIFE HISTORY AND GENETICS STUDY

LongTitle:
White Sturgeon Life History, Migration, and Genetics Study


ProjectTitle:
ASSESS ANAD FISH PROD FACIL IN COL RV DRAINAGE

Milestones:
An assessment of anadromous fish hatcheries in Columbia River Basin was completed to provide a three part document showing existing capacities, theoretical capacities, and expansion capabilities.

Results:
Clearer understanding of current anadromous fish hatcheries, their capacities and expansion capabilities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess anadromous fish hatcheries in Columbia River Basin to demonstrate existing capacities

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess anadromous fish hatcheries in Columbia River Basin to demonstrate existing capacities, theoretical capacities, and expansion capabilities.

ProjectBackground:
It was important for future expansion efforts to understand the potential production at existing hatcheries.

ShortTitle:
ASSESS COLUMBIA BASIN ANADROMOUS HATCHERIES

LongTitle:
Assessment of Present Anadromous Fish Production Facilities in the Columbia River Basin


ProjectTitle:
SMOLT QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SPRING CHINOOK

Milestones:
Smolt indices data from brood year 1990 were analyzed from several groups at five hatcheries.  The distribution, variability, and central tendency of each parameter were determined.  These data were compared between each location, first by AOV, and if significant differences exist, then a multiple range or similar test will be applied.  All of the data were stored for subsequent regression analysis between fish quality indices and total contribution based on returns of tagged adult fish.  Adult return data were collected for tagged fish from the 1987 and 1988 brood years and were analyzed by regression against smolt quality indices.  A single data base from all 4 years of hatchery sampling was established.   Upon completion (June 30, 1992) of the data collection on smolts, each investigator analyzed, interpreted, and reported their data to the data manager.  Estimates of central tendency and variability were reported with 95 percent confidence intervals for each parameter.  Data were tested for statistically significant differences between gene pools, acclimation, density, diet, age, and other applicable variables.  The draft final report was distributed to each PI for their review and written comments prior to submitting it to BPA.  All original data for each fish were made available in an electronic data base.  (Begin: July 1, 1992 End: June 30, 1993).  Data were preserved by the data manager and correlated with adult survival data for each hatchery which became available from the Pacific Marine Fisheries Commission.  (Begin: October 1992 End: February 1997.) The physiological development and physiological condition of spring Chinook salmon were studied at several hatcheries in the Columbia River Basin.  The purpose of the study was to determine whether any or several smolt indices can be related to adult recovery and be used to improve hatchery effectiveness.  Sampling of hatchery fish occurred from 1989 through 1992; this report summarized results for 1990, the second year of the study.  The tests conducted in 1990 on juvenile Chinook salmon at Dworshak, Leavenworth, and Warm Springs National Fish Hatcheries, and the Oregon State Round Butte and Willamette Hatcheries assessed saltwater tolerance, gill ATPase, cortisol, insulin, thyroid hormones, secondary stress, fish morphology, metabolic energy stores, immune response, blood cell numbers, plasma, and muscle ion concentrations, and plasma protein concentrations.

Publications:
Smolt Quality Assessment of Spring Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 97300-1

Results:
In contrast to results from 1989, some degree of smolt development was observed in juvenile salmon at all hatcheries in the study.  Differences in the timing and degree of smolt development as determined by the physiological measures were observed between fish at different hatcheries and production groups of fish within some of the hatcheries.  These results will be compared to adult recovery data when they become available, to determine which smolt quality indices may be used to predict adult recovery.  It was noted among hatcheries that there were major differences in egg incubation and hatching times and growth rates of fry and juveniles.  In this study fish were largest at the time of release and most rapidly growing at Round Butte, Pelton Ladder, and Willamette Hatchery.  In general, these groups of rapidly growing, large fish appears to have better survival and contribute more adults than the slower growing, smaller fish.  To what extent the better survival rates of fish from Willamette and Round Butte are due to a more risk- free downstream passage to the ocean cannot be completely assessed at this time.  Although relatively high growth rate was observed for fish at all hatcheries during the summer, growth rates were relatively low for the several months before the release of the fish from Dworshak, Leavenworth, and Warm Springs Hatcheries.  In contrast, relatively high growth rate was observed several months prior to release of fish from Round Butte, Pelton Ladder, and Willamette Hatchery.  The relatively high growth rate of fish during smolting is often associated with clearer and greater changes in smolt quality indicators.  We speculate that lack of growth during the smolting period may signal a developmental stasis to suppress smolt development.  Water temperature plays a key role in controlling the growth rates of fish.  Feeding rates are also important.  Perhaps attempts should be made through temperature and feeding rate regulation to stimulate more growth in the smaller fish, especially during the several weeks prior to release.  The completed data analysis for the first 2 years of the study indicated significant variation in smolt quality between years and between different hatcheries.  At most hatcheries studied during 1989, very few signs of smolt development were observed in fish prior to release.  Fish released in 1989 from Oregon's Willamette Hatchery appeared to be the most developed of all stocks tested, and showed a very rapid (60 miles/day) migration downriver.  In contract to 1989 results, studies conducted in 1990 showed greater smolt development in all hatcheries, although significant differences between hatcheries were observed. A proposal to monitor wild/natural populations of spring Chinook will be developed at a later date as part of this project.When data from coded wire tagged adults is available, beginning in 1993 through 1997, total survival can then be related to the smolt parameters measured at the time of release and also to the hatchery production techniques under which these fish were reared.  It is expected that recommendations for changes to those hatchery practices contributing to high adult survival would be an important benefit gained from this project.  A reliable, easy to measure index or tool for measuring smolt quality would enable hatchery managers to better determine optimum release times for smolts that would allow optimum adult survival

ProjectShortDescription:
Monitor fish quality at five hatcheries to determine the suitability of using a quality index to improve hatchery effectiveness.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Monitor fish quality at five hatcheries (Dworshak, Leavenworth, Round Butte, Warm Springs & Willamette) to determine the suitability of using a quality index to improve hatchery effectiveness.

ProjectBackground:
This project was based on a need to monitor the physiological development of spring Chinook salmon at Leavenworth, Dworshak, Warm Springs, Willamette, and Round Butte for three rearing cycles.  These data were to be correlated with overall survival of the released groups to determine whether smolt indices are suitable for assessing fish quality and improving hatchery effectiveness.

ShortTitle:
SMOLT QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SPRING CHINOOK

LongTitle:
Smolt Quality Assessment of Spring Chinook


Milestones:
This project provided services in the form of technical assistance regarding the Northwest Power Planning Council's Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality 5-year research planning process.  It provided technical views on passage related research, assists with the development of research study designs, presents risks associated with management decisions based on risk assessment theory and models.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide technical assistance regarding the NW Power Planning council's Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality 5-year research planning process.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide technical assistance regarding the NW Power Planning council's Water Budget Effectiveness and Reservoir Mortality 5-year research planning process.


ProjectTitle:
REVIEW AND SYNTHESIZE HISTORICAL DATA 87-413-02


ProjectTitle:
TWG: SMOLTIFICATION RESCH METHOD DEVLPMT 87-413-01

ShortTitle:
TECHINCAL WORK GROUP: SMOLTIFICATION RESEARCH

LongTitle:
Technical Work Group (TWG): Smoltification Research Method Development


ProjectTitle:
TWG: POOL SURVIVAL RESCH METHOD DEVLPMT 87-413-01

ShortTitle:
TECHNICAL WORK GROUP (TWG): POOL SURVIVAL RESEARCH

LongTitle:
Technical Work Group (TWG): Pool Survival Research method Development


Milestones:
Agreement reached and implemented in FY 1989.  Final installment made in December, 1994 from Fy 1995 funds.  Montana Dept. of Fish Wildlife and Parks will continue to fund ongoing projects and new projects for Wildlife Mitigation from this fund over the term of the agreement.An advisory committee has been established which provides guidance to Montana on the mitigation efforts.

Results:
The agreement establishes a $12.5 million trust account.  Montana, through use of the trust account, is responsible for wildlife mitigation efforts

ProjectShortDescription:
Establish trust account for wildlife impacts from Libby and Hungry Horse Dams in northwest Montana.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Establish trust account for wildlife impacts from Libby and Hungry Horse Dams in northwest Montana.

ProjectBackground:
The project is a 60-year agreement with the State of Montana that provides mitigation for wildlife impacts resulting from the development of Libby and Hungry Horse Dams in northwest Montana.

LongTitle:
Montana Wildlife Trust Agreement for Libby and Hungry Horse Dams


ProjectTitle:
RESEARCH ON ANTI-FUNGAL COMPOUNDS - PHASE I

Milestones:
Part One of the project included a literature search summarizing the available data, developing decision criteria, and refining experimental designs.  Screen tests identified compounds that inhibit or kill target fungi at 1-100 ppm or less, yet are not toxic to salmonid eggs or fry.  For promising compounds, further tests  identified minimum effective concentrations and appropriate exposure times.  An additional task evaluated the teratogenic and carcinogenic potential of the most promising compounds.  Part Two: After consultation with FDA and EPA, tested promising compounds an eggs and adults of spring Chinook.  Tests on adults assured no adverse effects to survival or reproduction, as well as hatching and feeding of resulting progeny.

Publications:
Research to Identify Effective Antifungal Agents DOE/BP 02737-1.  
Research to Identify Effective Antifungal Agents DOE/BP 02737-2.  
Research to Identify Effective Antifungal Agents DOE/BP 02737-3.  
Research to Identify Effective Antifungal Agent DOE/BP 02737-4

ProjectShortDescription:
Identify a new effective safe fungicide that can be used to control fungal infections on eggs and adults of spring and summer chinook.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify a new effective safe fungicide that can be used to control fungal infections on eggs and adults of spring and summer chinook.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of this project is to identify a new, effective, yet safe fungicide that can be used to control fungal infections on eggs and adults of spring and summer Chinook.

LongTitle:
Research to Identify Effective Anti-Fungal Agents


ProjectTitle:
RESEARCH ON ANTI-FUNGAL COMPOUNDS - PHASE II

ShortTitle:
RESEARCH ON ANTI-FUNGAL COMPOUNDS - PHASE II

LongTitle:
Research on Anti-fungal Compounds - Phase II


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. engineering support for the John Day habitat restoration effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. engineering support for the John Day habitat restoration effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - OVERHEAD FOR JOHN DAY HABITAT ENGINEERING

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead Costs for Engineering - John Day Habitat


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR M - GALBRAITH SPRINGS HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Maintenance support for the Galbraith Springs (Spokane Tribal) Hatchery

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Maintenance support for the Galbraith Springs (Spokane Tribal) Hatchery

ShortTitle:
BPA -MAINTENANCE OVERHEAD- SPOKANE TRIBAL HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Overhead Costs for Maintenance - Spokane Tribal Hatchery (Galbraith Springs)


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR E - NE OREGON HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the northeast Oregon hatchery planning effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the northeast Oregon hatchery planning effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA -OVERHEAD FOR ENGINEERING - NE OREGON HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead Costs for Engineering - Northeast Oregon Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
IPP COORDINATOR, CBFWA COOR. & SRG SUPPORT   (IPP)

Milestones:
The Implementation Planning Process (IPP) began in Oct. l988.  The creation of this process added a significant work load to both BPA and CBFWA, whereupon BPA agreed to provide financial support to the CBFWA to participate in the IPP.  Other CBFWA activities related to internal workings of its membership to the Power Planning Council are supported through membership fees paid by the 20 member organization. In l992 a decision was made to fully fund CBFWA, which presently has a full time staff of 10.  CBFWA also provides technical and administrative support for the Scientific Review Group, recently transitioned to the Independent Scientific Group as called for in sections 3 and 5 of the NPPC Program.September, l994:  CBFWA produced its FY l995 Annual Fish and Wildlife Plan identifying projects the managing agencies and tribes recommend BPA  fund in order to fulfill its responsibilities under the NPPC's Fish and Wildlife Program. Through a contract with Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, funding for the IPP and CBFWA is made available to support the administration of policy and technical activities of CBFWA members as they coordinate, with BPA and the Council, their roles in the planning and implementation of this Program.  The IPP, through the Policy Review Group, Scientific Review Group (SRG), and Scoping Groups, coordinates and promotes needs of the fish and wildlife management entities and Tribes in the Columbia River Basin relative to the Council's Program.  These committees, work groups,  and forums facilitate the identification of basinwide goals, plans, work priorities, solutions, and policies regarding fish and wildlife issues. The IPP established time frames for the annual planning of budget and implementation of Program measures.  The IPPs fundamental concepts are now reflected in the Council's request for BPA's implementation process to be broadened to include land and water managers and other interested parties to produce an annual implementation work plan, a monitoring report, and to provide for independent scientific review of the program.The CBFWA contract for the period beginning May 1, 1995 through September 30,1995, focused on efforts on coordination of the regional prioritization process, Integrated Hatchery Operations Team oversight, and Fish Screening Oversight Committee participation.

Results:
Given the conditions of governance established for fish and wildlife agencies,  the direct involvement of the CBFWA in planning and implementing the Council's  Program increases opportunities for the successful accomplishment of Program goals.  This project also supports the scientists of the SRG, a group of senior scientists serving as a technical review body advising BPA on the scientific soundness of planned implementation actions.  New proposal for FY 1996 should reflect regional review of the components of the contract through the prioritization process.

ProjectShortDescription:
Coordinate and facilitate the fish & wildlife managers' development of an annual plan for implementing the NPPC Fish and Wildlife Program and use of BPA's fish and wildlife budget. and monitor the implementation of the current year's budget.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Coordinate & facilitate the fish & wildlife managers' development of an annual plan for implementing the NPPC Fish & Wildlife Program and BPA's fish and wildlife budget. Monitor the implementation of the current year's budget. Support CBFWA.

ProjectBackground:
The objectives of this project are to facilitate communication between BPA and  the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority (CBFWA), as BPA implements the Northwest Power Planning Council's (Council) Fish and Wildlife Program (Program).  The CBFWA, an association of State and Federal Fish and Wildlife agencies and Indian Tribes, is designed to ensure comprehensive and effective planning and implementation of Fish and Wildlife Programs in the Columbia River Basin.  The Implementation Planning Process (IPP) was an agreement between BPA and CBFWA designed to facilitate an open, collaborative process by which BPA implements the Council's Program.

ShortTitle:
CBFWA COORDINATION. & SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP

LongTitle:
Columbia Basin Fish And Wildlife Authority: Coordination and Support for the Scientific Review Group


ProjectTitle:
ANN CD WIRE TAG PROG-MISSING PROD OR/WA (USFWS)

Milestones:
.  Totals shown for historic funding include only project number 8906500;  see cost summaries for closed projects for a cost history for 8300600.  1994 and 1993 costs for 8300600 were $245,900 and $267,900, respectively.  Beginning in 1995  annual reports were developed for each hatchery as to their level of success or failure.

Publications:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program:  Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01931-1;   
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program:  Missing Production Groups DOE/BP 01931-2

Results:
Data provided from this project will allow managers to adjust their programs. Stocks success or failure will more readily determined..

ProjectShortDescription:
Mark various groups of fish for BPA funded projects using mobile fish marking trailers at federal and state hatcheries in the Columbia River basin.  Provide base data from hatchery releases used to evaluate survival, contribution and hatchery goals.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Mark various groups of fish for BPA funded projects using mobile fish marking trailers at federal and state hatcheries in the Columbia River basin.  Provide base data from hatchery releases used to evaluate survival, contribution and hatchery goals.

ProjectBackground:
This project was designed to provide the base data for evaluating the survival rates from various hatcheries and determine whether or not these are reaching their goals.  The project started in 1983 (as project number 8300600) and has marked over 20 million fish for evaluation in the Columbia River Basin.  In 1995, projects 8906500 and 8300600 were combined.

ShortTitle:
ANNUAL CODED WIRE TAG PROGRAM - USFWS HATCHERIES

LongTitle:
Annual Coded Wire Tag Program - US Fish and Wildlife Service Hatcheries in Oregon and Washington


ProjectTitle:
BPA ANNUAL REVIEW (PROJECT PRESENTATIONS)

ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for project presentations at the BPA Annual Review.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for project presentations at the BPA Annual Review.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PLACEHOLDER FOR ANNUAL REVIEW

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Placehold for BPA Annual Review


ProjectShortDescription:
Internal BPA project funding the SRG or Scientific Review Group. This project was cancelled.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Internal BPA project funding the SRG or Scientific Review Group. This project was cancelled.


ProjectTitle:
SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP SUPPORT - DOE     (IPP)

Milestones:
Provide financial support (time and travel  expense reimbursement) for a Scientific Review Group scientist employed by the  Department of Energy (DOE). See ISG write-up under CBFWA Project 8906200

ProjectShortDescription:
Provides funding for one member of the Independent Scientific Group through a contract with DOE.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provides funding for one member of the Independent Scientific Group through a contract with DOE. See also project 8906200.

ProjectBackground:
The Scientific Review Group was established under the Implementation Planning Process and in l995 became the Independent Scientific Group as called for in the NPPC's l994 Fish and Wildlife Program, Measure 3.2B.1.


ProjectTitle:
SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ADMINISTRATION  (IPP)

ProjectShortDescription:
Provid funding for meeting rooms for the Scientific Review Group.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provid funding for meeting rooms for the Scientific Review Group.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of this account was to provide funding for meeting rooms for the Scientific Review Group (SRG).  The SRG was required to meet frequently in Portland to complete assignments from the Policy Review Group, as called for by the Implementation Planning Process.

ShortTitle:
SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP MEETING FACILITIES

LongTitle:
Scientific Review Group Meeting Facilities


ProjectTitle:
ERYTHROCYTIC INCLUSION BODY SYNDROME ETIOLOGY

Milestones:
1991 focused on determining the relationship of EIBS relative to cold water disease.  In addition, OSU is trying to develop a hybrid cell line to cultivate the virus which has not proved successful with other cell lines.

Results:
A better understanding of the disease mechanism of EIBS will undoubtedly improve our ability to control fish quality.  The bottom line is the healthier the fish we rear, the better the overall survival we will have.

ProjectShortDescription:
Define pathogenicity and species susceptibility to EIBS

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Define pathogenicity and species susceptibility to EIBS, a chronic anemia problem associated with spring and summer chinook.

ProjectBackground:
EIBS is a chronic anemia debilitating condition recently discovered.  Due to its innocuous nature of attacking erythrocytes it is important to understand its mode of transmission and etiology on spring and summer Chinook.  This project attempts to define the pathogenicity and species susceptibility.

ShortTitle:
ERYTHROCYTIC INCLUSION BODY SYNDROME ETIOLOGY

LongTitle:
Research Studies on Erythrocytic Inclusion Body Syndrome (EIBS) Epizootiology


Milestones:
The project's first year focused primarily on developing a mathematical basis for describing major facility components, predicting/optimizing fish response and feed scheduling, and evaluating overall requirements for and structure of a hatchery simulator.  The second year's focus was on implementing the core simulation technologies and hatchery simulation algorithms in a user-friendly, highly interactive environment.  During 1992 a basic simulation model was in place for all major hatchery components, including individual raceways, water transport and treatment systems (WTTS), and fish physiology and growth.  Similarly, a complete graphically-based simulation environment has been completed which allows graphical construction of a specific simulation and graphical interpretation of the simulation output.  During the course of development for the current implementation, it became apparent that to address the needs of a diverse potential end-user interest range, modeling should proceed on two levels: 1.  A "research" perspective allowing detailed analysis of the dynamics of specific raceways and employing more sophisticated algorithms and simulation methods.  2.  A facility-level "management" model which would focus more on describing a complete hatchery facility or systems of facilities, but not requiring or using the excessive detail necessary to carefully examine individual raceway dynamics.  Both these models are needed and address different perspectives of improving hatchery management.  These efforts were focused primarily on the "research" model, with some work being accomplished on the "management" model.  The latest efforts focused on the following: 1.  Refinement of the research model by continuing development and implementation of the algorithms used in the research model.  We developed additional descriptors of facility components a more extensive description of fish growth dynamics based on a bioenergetic approach, improvements in the user interface, and implementation of input/output file structures.  2.  Further development of the facility model.  We propose to refine and extend the Production Goal Evaluator to more fully incorporate dynamic systems simulation technologies based on a simplified version of the research model and to improve the interactiveness of the system.  An additional area targeted for implementation include genetic evaluation of a given management strategy.  3.  Incorporation of expert "agents" into the models.  We have begun to explore the potential for applying heuristic techniques to these problems, and several areas look promising, including: a.  Evaluating and generating production goals for a particular facility.  b.  Describing manager response to various aspects of day-to-day hatchery operation.  c.  Generating "consultative reports" of the State of the simulated hatchery at any given point in time describing existing and potential problem areas and making recommendations for appropriate remedial action.  d.  Developing model capabilities for providing quasi-optimal medium/long-term management strategies.  Work will continue in this area at two levels: (1) Continued exploration of the potential of heuristic techniques in improving model capabilities.  (2) Implementation of expert systems in the areas described above.  4.  Economic analyses.  In order to evaluate and optimize a hatchery facility, a rigorous economic analysis of each important model component is required.  Economic considerations will include present worth value of a time series of annual operating costs, revenues, and capital investments for the projected life of a facility.  5.  Sensitivity analyses.  As the complete facility model is assembled, sensitivity analyses will be conducted on selected model parameters to provide guidelines for future development in these areas.  6.  Model validation.  It has become clear that data available in the literature will be insufficient to validate the model; therefore a data collection effort has been initiated during 1990-1991 and will continue during 1991-1992 to extensively monitor a single site (Willamette Hatchery) and to sample a broad range of sites on a less frequent basis.  7.  Develop systems documentation and user guides.  One of our objectives is to provide a consistent set of program documentation and user's guides for the models developed.  These will facilitate program modification and maintenance and will ease training and use of the model.  8.  Continue interaction with fisheries biologists, agency personnel, and BPA concerning model implementation.  One benefit of comprehensive modeling efforts is the organization of diverse information sources into a single entity.  Because these information sources are diverse, and because application of the hatchery model potentially involves numerous groups and agencies, continued interaction with these groups is essential to the success of the modeling effort.  We plan to continue these efforts at building communication pathways through onsite visits at particular agency sites and hatcheries as well as through attendance at coordination meetings with other groups

Results:
The model will be designed for use both as a decision aid for hatchery operations, and as a tool for managing an integrated hatchery research program.  An existing hatchery model, which deals with the physical and biological aspects of hatchery operations, will provide a starting point for development of a more comprehensive model of hatchery operations suitable for addressing critical areas of hatchery research and management.  The developed model will be user-friendly and will be provided with full documentation and training materials.  A task force of hatchery biologists will provide biological input and critique the model throughout its development.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop mathematical basis for describing major facility components.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop mathematical basis for describing major facility components. Develop model for use as a decision aid for hatchery operations, and as a tool for managing an integregated hatchery research program.

ProjectBackground:
This project involved developing, validating, and implementing a computer model of salmonid hatchery operations.

LongTitle:
A Modeling Approach Towards Optimizing Hatchery Production


ProjectTitle:
SURVEY OF RESEARCH & RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION

Milestones:
Parametric Inc. surveyed Pacific Northwest fishery agencies, Tribes, universities, and other parties that are conducting or involved in ongoing salmon/steelhead cultural research.  They reported project objectives, fiscal information, and significant results and results of completed projects that have not been published in recognized "fishery journals."  They surveyed selected individuals and identified their most important, completed, hatchery-related research projects.  They listed the problem that each project addressed, summarized their findings, and identified reported "solutions and benefits," and determined if the solution(s) were implemented and if not, why not. project was completed in 1991

Results:
The data base will allow access to the gray literature produced in fisheries research.

ProjectShortDescription:
Survey of ongoing salmonid cultural research.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Survey of ongoing salmonid cultural research. Create a data base allowing access to the gray literature produced in fisheries research.

ProjectBackground:
Overview of ongoing salmon/steelhead cultural research in the Northwest needed.


ProjectTitle:
EVAL OF ALT PROTEIN SOURCES FOR SPR CHINOOK

ShortTitle:
ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES FOR SPRING CHINOOK

LongTitle:
Evaluation of Alternative Protein Sources for Spring Chinook


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN - WDF

Milestones:
In 1987 the Northwest Power Planning Council asked BPA to develop an experimental program to test the success of supplementation.  BPA has developed an experimental design team to identify critical uncertainties and develop the experimental design.

Publications:
Yakima Hatchery Experimental Design DOE/BP 00102

Results:
Experimental design for the Yakima Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop genetic monitoring and evaluation for the Yakima/Klickitat River basins and evaluate tools, approaches and opportunities for such studies. Provide necessary background for development of hatchery plans.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop genetic monitoring and evaluation for the Yakima/Klickitat River basins and evaluate tools, approaches and opportunities for such studies. Provide necessary background for development of hatchery plans.

ProjectBackground:
BPA is funding the preliminary design of proposed salmon and steelhead hatcheries in the Yakima and Klickitat River Basins of Washington State.  The objective of these facilities is to test the principles of supplementation.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN - WDF

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Experimental Design - WDF


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN - WDW

Milestones:
BPA funded the preliminary design of proposed salmon and steelhead hatcheries in the Yakima and Klickitat River Basins of Washington State.  The objective of these facilities was to test the principles of supplementation. BPA developed an experimental design team to identify critical uncertainties and develop the experimental design.

Results:
Provide clear direction for the complex, multifaceted experimental program of supplementation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Expand the preliminary design of proposed salmonid hatcheries in the Yakima and Klickitat Basins in order to identify critical uncertainities and to develop the experimental design.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Expand the preliminary design of proposed salmonid hatcheries in the Yakima and Klickitat Basins in order to identify critical uncertainities and to develop the experimental design.

ProjectBackground:
There is a long-term effort on the part of Washington, the Yakima Tribe and BPA to improve the fisheries of the Yakima and Klickitat basins.  In 1987 the Northwest Power Planning Council asked BPA to develop an experimental program to test the success of supplementation.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN - WDW

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Experimental Design - WDW


ProjectTitle:
TWG ACTIVITY (PERS/TRVL) - F12PM             (IPP)

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded program support project, i.e. Technical Working Group personal and travel.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded program support project, i.e. Technical Working Group personal and travel.

ShortTitle:
BPA  INTERNAL - TECHNICAL WORK GROUP (TWG)

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Technical Work Group (TWG) (Personnel / Travel)


Milestones:
This study determined the timing of Chinook salmon and steelhead runs in the Yakima and Klickitat Rivers from river entry to spawning, and measured the proportion of each run spawning in observed spawning areas.  In addition, areas utilized during the migratory periods were enumerated in relation to fisheries and irrigation management units.  This work was coordinated with the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project Experimental Task Team.

Publications:
Yakima River Radio-Telemetry Study:  Spring Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 00276-1.   
Yakima River Radio-Telemetry Study:  Steelhead, 1989-1993 DOE/BP 00276-2.  
Yakima River Radio-Telemetry Study:  Rainbow Trout DOE/BP 00276-3

Results:
Timing of Chinook salmon and steelhead runs in the Yakima and Klickitat Rivers from river entry to spawning.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the distribution of distinct stocks of spring chinook in the Yakima and Klickitat Rivers.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the timing from entry to spawning of chinook and steelhead runs, and areas utilized in the Yakima and Klickitat Rivers.  Determine the distribution of distinct stocks of spring chinook in the Yakima and Klickitat Rivers.

ProjectBackground:
There is a long-term effort on the part of Washington, the Yakama Tribe and BPA to improve the fisheries of the Yakima and Klickitat basins.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA/ KLICKITAT SALMONID RADIO TELEMETRY STUDY

LongTitle:
Yakima / Klickitat Salmonid Radio Telemetry Study


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA PHASE II SCREENS - PREDESIGN GROUP I

Milestones:
The project improvements are scheduled for completion in 1994, prior to major production from the hatchery facilities.

Results:
Predesigns for a variety of screen sites in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Predesign studies for various screens and screen sites in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Predesign studies for approximately 60 screens and screen sites in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
BPA is funding the preliminary design of approximately 60 fish screen improvements in the Yakima River Basin.  These facilities are located on Yakima River tributaries and must be improved to maximize production from the proposed Yakima production projects.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA PHASE II SCREENS - PREDESIGN GROUP I

LongTitle:
Yakima Phase II Screen - Predesign of Group 1


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Lands Division support for the wildlife program.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Lands Division support for the wildlife program.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - LANDS SUPPORT FOR WILDLIFE PROGRAM

LongTitle:
BPA Internal - Lands Support for the Wildlife Program


ProjectTitle:
MID-COLUMBIA PUD WATER BUDGET COMPENSATION CLAIMS

ShortTitle:
MID-COLUMBIA PUD WATER BUDGET COMPENSATION CLAIMS

LongTitle:
Mid-Columbia PUD Water Budget Compensation Claims


ProjectTitle:
BPA CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT FOR YAKIMA HTCH

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Construction support for the Yakima Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Construction support for the Yakima Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
BPA - CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT FOR YAKIMA HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Constuction support for the Yakima Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR OM&C - NE OREGON HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project,  i.e. from BPA Operations, Maintenance and Construction for the Northeast Oregon hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project,  i.e. from BPA Operations, Maintenance and Construction for the Northeast Oregon hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - CONSTRUCTION OVERHEAD - NE OREGON HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Overhead Costs for the Construction and Operations and Maintenance for the Northeast Oregon Hatchery


Milestones:
The study began in fall of 1989, and analysis through from the 6th year of field collections has been completed. The basic research plan involves eight different supplementation programs (four each for chinook salmon and steelhead).  The experimental design calls for yearly samples from hatchery stocks used in outplanting, from a natural population affected by releases from that hatchery, and from a wild population in the same drainage not intended to be affected.  Although the central focus of the research has remained unchanged, the sampling design has been somewhat flexible to respond to high priority issues associated with supplementation in the Snake River basin that have arisen since 1989.  By the end of the current project period, we will have performed genetic analysis of over 12,000 chinook salmon and steelhead.  Meristic analysis has been completed for several thousand fish..  In March 1993, in part using funds provided by BPA through this project, NMFS hosted an international DNA workshop in Seattle that addressed both technical and management issues.  Proceedings of the workshop were published by NMFS in 1994.  Funding from this project also enabled us to carry out computer modeling of the genetic consequences of using captive broodstocks to supplement natural populations.  Results of that research have been published in the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Publications:
A Genetic Monitoring & Evaluation Program for Supplemented Populations of Salmon & Steelhead in the Snake River Basin DOE/BP 00911-1;  
A Genetic Monitoring & Evaluation Program for Supplemented Populations of Salmon & Steelhead in the Snake River Basin DOE/BP 00911-2
Utter, F. M., R. S. Waples, and D. J. Teel.  1992.  Genetic isolation of previously indistinguishable chinook salmon populations of the Snake and Klamath Rivers:  Limitations of negative data.  Fish. Bull.  (U.S.)  90:770-777.
Park, L. K., P. Moran, and R. S. Waples (editors).  1994.  Application of DNA technology to the management of Pacific salmon.  Proceedings of the workshop, 22-23 March 1993, Seattle, WA.  U.S. Dept. Commerce, NOAA Tech. Memo.  NMFS-NWFSC-17, 178 p.
Waples, R. S., and C. Do.  1994.  Genetic risk associated with supplementation of Pacific salmonids:  Captive broodstock programs.  Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51 (Suppl. 1):310-329.
PARK, L. K., AND P. MORAN.  1994.  Developments in molecular genetic techniques in fisheries.  Reviews in Fish and Fisheries Biology 4:272 299.
PARK, L. K., P. MORAN, AND D. DIGHTMAN.  1995.  A polymorphism in intron D of the chinook salmon growth hormone 2 gene.  Animal Genetics.  2(26):285.
PARK, L. K., P. MORAN, and D. NICKERSON.  1994.  Application of the oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) to the study of chinook salmon populations from the Snake River.  In, L. K. Park, P. Moran and R. S. Waples (eds.).  Application of DNA technology to the management of Pacific salmon.  U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo NMFS NWFSC-17:91-97.
PARK, L. K., P. MORAN, AND D. DIGHTMAN.  In press.  A chinook salmon PCR-RFLP marker in the p53 locus.  Animal Genetics

Results:
Two reports of the meristic and protein electrophoretic studies have been submitted to and published by the Bonneville Power Administration.  A report describing progress in developing DNA markers has also been sent to BPA. Genetic information developed during this project was used in the ESA listing determination for Snake River spring/summer chinook salmon and in the ESA status review for west coast steelhead.   Genetic information has also been provided to several agencies and groups interested in supplementation in the Snake River Basin, including ODFW, IDFG, WDW, the Nez Perce and Umatilla tribes, and the Snake River Salmon Recovery Team.  Age-length data for juvenile steelhead collected during the study has been provided to WDW, ODFW, and IDFG.  For the past several years, we have provided kidney samples from fish collected in this project to USFWS/NBS researchers who are evaluating the incidence of BKD in wild and hatchery populations of spring/summer chinook salmon in the Snake River Basin

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate the genetic consequences of using hatchery fish to supplement natural populations of chinook salmon and steelhead in the Snake River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate the genetic consequences of using hatchery fish to supplement natural populations of chinook salmon and steelhead in the Snake River and its tributaries such as the Grande Ronde and Imnaha Rivers.

ProjectBackground:
This study directly addresses program efforts to monitor the potential effects of outplanting on natural gene pools, to maintain genetic integrity of spawning stocks in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River drainages; and to study the best methods for supplementing wild stocks in the upper Snake and Columbia Rivers.  The study also helps fulfill commitments in the Proposed Recovery Plan for Snake River Salmon to initiate genetic monitoring programs for natural populations that may be affected by stray hatchery fish (NMFS 995 Sec. V-4-16) and to implement sound genetic management strategies and carry out monitoring and evaluation for supplementation programs for Snake River spring/summer chinook salmon (Sec. V-4.1.b)Avoiding deleterious effects of  inbreeding is of considerable importance, particularly in stocks used in attempts to establish self-sustaining natural populations

ShortTitle:
GENETIC M&E PROGRAM FOR SALMON & STEELHEAD

LongTitle:
Genetic Monitoring and Evaluation Program for Supplemented Populations of Salmon and Steelhead in the Upper Columbia River Basin


ProjectTitle:
EVAL OF SUPPLMNTG IMNAHA RV SUM STLHD W/ HTC ST

Milestones:
The project was to develop an understanding of the success and impacts of supplementing wild steelhead populations with hatchery reared smolts of endemic stock origin.  The long-term objectives of the project included: 1.  Determine the effects on naturally produced fish due to predation by hatchery fish and competition for food and space between naturally produced fish and hatchery fish.  2.  Determine the effects on indigenous stock productivity that result from hatchery adults interbreeding with indigenous wild fish.  3.  Determine the effects of supplementation with hatchery fish of indigenous origin on the genetic and life history characteristics of the indigenous stock.  The conduct of this study was in two phases.  The first phase involved: 1.  Development of a long-term experimental design to address project objectives.  2.  Collection of samples for genetic baseline development.  3.  Summarization of existing life history data.  4.  Habitat inventory on all study streams.  Phase II will be a product of Phase I work.

Publications:
Fish Research Project, Oregon - Evaluation of the Success of Supplementing Imnaha River Steelhead with Hatchery Reared Smolts:  Phase One DOE/BP 01016-1

Results:
Develop an understanding of the success and impacts of supplementing wild steelhead populations with hatchery reared smolts of endemic stock origin

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the effects on naturally produced fish due to predation by hatchery fish and competition for food and space between naturally produced fish and hatchery fish  in the Imnaha and nearby drainages.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the effects on naturally produced fish due to predation by hatchery fish and competition for food and space between naturally produced fish and hatchery fish  in the Imnaha and nearby drainages.

ProjectBackground:
A supplementation was necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and impacts of enhancing summer steelhead natural production in the Imnaha River Basin with hatchery reared smolts of endemic origin.  Outplanting of hatchery reared steelhead has been ongoing for many years throughout the Columbia River Basin; however, little research has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness in enhancing natural production or the impacts on wild populations.  The need for critical assessment of supplementation success and impacts has recently been recognized as a high research priority

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE SUPPLEMENTING IMNAHA SUMMER STEELHEAD

LongTitle:
Evaluation of Supplementing Imnaha River Summer Steelhead with Hatchery Reared Smolts and Assessment of Eff ect on Natural Production


ProjectTitle:
EVAL OF SUMMLMTG SALMON/CLRWTR RV W/ HATCH ST

Milestones:
Idaho Supplementation Studies (ISS) Phase I are complete and include formation of the Idaho Supplementation Technical Advisory Committee, development of a comprehensive experimental design and database, and initial collection of baseline genetic, physical, and biological data.  Field work in 1991 with the collection of baseline data from treatment and some control streams.  Full implementation (Phase II) began in 1992 with baseline data collection on treatment and control streams and releases of supplementation fish into several treatment streams. Field methods included snorkeling to estimate chinook salmon parr populations, PIT tagging summer parr to estimate parr-to-smolt survival, multiple redd counts to estimate parr-to-smolt survival, multiple redd counts to estimate spawning escapement and collect carcass information.  Screw traps were used to trap and PIT tag outmigrating chinook salmon during the fall outmigration.  Spring and fall emigrants were used to trap and enumerate returning adult salmon in select drainages.Milestones to date include PIT tagging the three brood year (BY) 1991 juvenile life stages identified in the experimental design.  These include summer parr, fall emigrants, and spring emigrants.  All life stages were tagged in streams where we are operating an emigrant trap.  In other streams, only summer parr were tagged.  Detection rate information has been collected from the four Snake and Columbia River dams with detection facilities for these groups.  All treatment and control streams were snorkeled during the summers of 1992 and 1993.  The first outplants of juvenile chinook salmon for supplementation occurred during the summer of 1992.  The first fall releases were in the fall of 1992, and the first smolt releases were in the spring of 1993.  All these fish were differentially marked from hatchery general production fish.  The adult salmon weir on Marsh Creek began operating the summer of 1993.  Fiscal year (FY) 1994 saw a continuation of the above activities.

Publications:
Experimental Design DOE/BP 01466-1;   Idaho Supplementation Studies DOE/BP 01466-2

Results:
A long-term experimental design has been addressed and samples have been collected to establish baseline genetic profile, and summarization of historic information on selected outplant streams.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the best method to rebuild spring and summer chinook salmon by determining optimum supplementation practices to increase and maintain natural production in the Salmon and Clearwater basins. Compare life stage survival, productivity, adult returns, and genetic composition between supplemented and unsupplemented populations.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine best method to rebuild spring & summer chinook salmon through supplementation in the Salmon & Clearwater basins. Compare life stage survival, productivity, adult returns, & genetic composition between supplemented & unsupplemented populations.

ProjectBackground:
The ultimate goal of this research project is to determine if existing population of spring and summer chinook salmon can be successfully increased through supplementation with various life stages of hatchery reared fish, the ability of supplemented populations to maintain themselves in the absence of additional outplants and to document genetic and behavioral interactions of outplanted fish with existing or naturally producing salmon populations.  The long-term objectives of this study are to determine the effects of outplanting different life stages of spring and summer chinook on natural fish, the effectiveness of the outplanting in building self-sustaining natural runs of the species, and development of guidelines for future outplanting in terms of size and time of release.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE SUPPLEMENTING THE SALMON AND CLEARWATER

LongTitle:
Evaluation of Supplementing Salmon and Clearwater Rivers with Hatchery Salmonid Stock and Asess Interaction Between Wild and Hatchery fish


ProjectTitle:
SALMON SUPPLE STUDIES IN ID RIVER - USFWS

Milestones:
The USFWS, Idaho Fishery Resource Office is a cooperator in the conduct of Project 8909800 which IDFG is the lead agency. The USFWS began their involvement in 1991.  The USFWS assisted in adult spawner surveys and redd counts that year.  In May of 1992, the USFWS officially became a participant in the overall program which is defined by the experimental design dated December 1991, "Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers".  Activities include PIT tagging, snorkel sampling, operation of an outmigrant trap, and spawning escapement surveys.

Results:
There will be a group report in 1996 that should reflect some adult return data from fish marked specifically for this study.  Each year there will be annual reports reflecting data on outmigration of marked fish and also fluctuations in natural populations.  The FY 1994 and 1995 reports will be cumulative, including data from 1991 on.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate out planting strategies for hatchery spring chinook salmon to restore or augment natural production, and assess the effects of hatchery supplementation on the survival and genetic fitness of existing natural populations in the Clearwater River basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate outplanting strategies for hatchery spring chinook salmon to restore or augment natural production, and assess the effects of hatchery supplementation on the survival and genetic fitness of existing natural populations in the Clearwater Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Since the start of the ISS (Idaho supplementation Studies), returns of adult chinook salmon have decreased to historical lows.   This has negatively affected our ability to measure population characteristics statistically power and has prohibited some scheduled treatments due to limited hatchery production.  As a result, ISS is being restructured to best utilize the secondary level of evaluation, a "paired case history" approach to evaluate specific supplementation programs.  A 5-year report is currently being developed (spring 1997 completion) that will formally review and evaluate the implementation and modification of the ISS design.. The ultimate goal of this research project is to determine if existing population of spring and summer chinook salmon can be successfully increased through supplementation. This task focuses on efforts in USFWS in Idaho.

ShortTitle:
SALMON SUPPLEMENTATION STUDIES IN IDAHO - USFWS

LongTitle:
Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers - USFWS


ProjectTitle:
SALMON SUPPLE STUDIES IN ID RIVER - NEZ PERCE TRB

Milestones:
The Nez Perce Tribe (NPT) is a cooperator in the conduct of Project 8909800 in which IDFG is the lead agency.  In May  1992 the NPT was awarded a contract to participate in the Idaho supplementation studies which is defined by the experimental design dated December 1991, "Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers."  A similar experimental design was developed for steelhead trout which was subsequently incorporated into this project. Products  to date include PIT tagging the three brood year (BY) 1991 juvenile life stages identified in the experimental design.  These include summer parr, fall emigrants, and spring emigrants.  All life stages were tagged in streams where emigrant traps are operated. In other streams, only summer parr were tagged.  Detection rate information has been collected from four Snake and Columbia dams with detection facilities for these groups.  All treatment and control streams were snorkeled during the summers of 1992 and 1993.  The first outplants of juvenile chinook salmon for supplementation occurred during the summer of 1992.  The first fall releases were in the fall of 1992, and the first smolt released were in the spring of 1993.  All these fish were differentially marked from hatchery general  production fish.  The fiscal years 1995 through 2001 will see a continuation of adult salmon monitoring and continued outplanting.  Adult salmon from the outplanting will begin returning in 1995 and continue through at least 2003.  Analysis will continue from the present until the end of the project (2007?).  We anticipate phase II of implementation (supplementation with local broodstock comprised of known natural and hatchery components) beginning in FY98 (BY96) and continuing through 2002.  We will begin to develop options  and recommendations in 1999 and continue to the end of the project.  Beginning in 2003, we will be comparing the results of the two brood stocks used. This will last until project completion (2007).

Results:
Long-term experimental design, samples for baseline genetic profiles, and summarization of historic information on selected supplementation streams

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the best outplanting strategy for spring and summer chinook salmon to restore or augment natural production, and evaluate the effects of supplementation on the survival and fitness of existing wild/natural populations in the Salmon and Clearwater River basins.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the best outplanting strategy for spring & summer chinook salmon to restore or augment natural production. Evaluate the effects of supplementation on the survival & fitness of existing wild/natural populations in the Salmon & Clearwater basins.

ProjectBackground:
The ultimate goal of this research project is to determine if existing population of spring and summer chinook salmon can be successfully increased through supplementation. This study is being conducted in two phases.  Phase I was completed in December 1991.  This phase involved the development of a long-term experimental design to address project objectives, initial collection of samples for baseline genetic profiles, and summarization of historic information on selected supplementation streams.  The estimated project duration is through September 30, 2009.  The Nez Perce Tribe is the principle investigator in this particular subproject.

ShortTitle:
SALMON SUPPLEMENTATION STUDIES IN IDAHO- NEZ PERCE

LongTitle:
Salmon Supplemental Studies In Idaho Rivers - Nez Perce Tribe


ProjectTitle:
SALMON SUPPLE IN ID RIVERS - SHOSHONE-BANNOCK TRB

Milestones:
In May 1992 the Shoshone-Bannock Tribe was awarded a contract to participate in the Idaho Supplementation Studies which is defined by the experimental design dated December 1991, "Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers."  A similar experimental design was developed for steelhead trout which was subsequently incorporated into this projects and milestones to date include PIT tagging the three brood year (BY) 1991 juvenile life stages identified in the experimental design.  These include summer parr, fall emigrants, and spring emigrants.  All life stages were tagged in streams where emigrant traps are operated.  In other streams, only summer parr were tagged.  Detection rate information has been collected from four Snake and Columbia dams with detection facilities for these groups.  All treatment and control streams were snorkeled during the summers of 1992, 1993 and 1994.  The first outplants of juvenile Chinook salmon for supplementation occurred during the summer of 1992.  The first fall releases were in the fall of 1992, and the first smolt releases were in the spring of 1993.  All these fish were differentially marked from hatchery general production fish.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the best method to maintain and rehabilitate Idaho's chinook salmon.  Compare adult returns, productivity, and genetic composition between treatment and control streams, over time, throughout the Salmon and Clearwater basins.  Broodstock management and lifestage at release will vary between treatment streams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the best method to maintain and rehabilitate Idaho's chinook salmon.  Compare adult returns, productivity, and genetic composition between treated and control streams in the Salmon and Clearwater basins.

ProjectBackground:
The ultimate goal of this research project is to determine if existing population of spring and summer chinook salmon can be successfully increased through supplementation. This study is being conducted in two phases.  Phase I was completed in December 1991.  This phase involved the development of a long-term experimental design to address project objectives, initial collection of samples for baseline genetic profiles, and summarization of historic information on selected supplementation streams.  The estimated project duration is through September 30, 2009.  The Nez Perce Tribe is the principle investigator in this particular subproject. The Shoshone-Bannock Tribe (SBT) is a cooperator in the conduct of Project 89-098 which IDFG is the lead agency..

ShortTitle:
SALMON SUPPLEMENTATION IN IDAHO- SHOSHONE-BANNOCK

LongTitle:
Salmon Supplemental In Idaho Rivers - Shoshone-Bannock Tribe


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REVIEW

Milestones:
The Battelle Northwest Laboratories conducted a procedural review of the Yakima hatchery environmental assessment and performed a technical review and writing of the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project preliminary design report.  The project was completed in 1990.

ProjectShortDescription:
Procedural review of the Yakima Hatchery enironmental assessment and technical review and writing of the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project preliminary design.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Procedural review of the Yakima Hatchery enironmental assessment and technical review and writing of the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project preliminary design.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REVIEW

LongTitle:
Yakima Hatchery Environmental Assessment Review


ProjectTitle:
F&W EXPENSE RPA ALLOCATION ADJ - JUNE 1989

ProjectShortDescription:
Negative placeholder - budget adjustment.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Negative placeholder - budget adjustment.

ShortTitle:
BPA - F&W EXPENSE RPA ALLOCATION ADJUSTMENT -1989

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Fish and Wildlife Expense RPA Allocation Adjustment - June 1989


ProjectTitle:
F&W CAPITAL RPA ALLOCATION ADJ - JUNE 1989

ShortTitle:
BPA - F&W CAPITAL RPA ALLOCATION ADJUSTMENT - 1989

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Fish and Wildlife Capital RPA Allocation Adjustment - June 1989


ShortTitle:
BPA  - OVERHEAD (PERSONNEL /TRAVEL) - FY 89

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Overhead (Personnel / Travel) - FY 89


Milestones:
The project goals included the following:  Classify and test subbasin-level ecoregions in relationship to Historical Data Base for the Blue Mountain region for monitoring and evaluation of Fish and Wildlife Program measures and actions.  The objectives included: 1.  Obtain necessary data for delineation of subbasin-level ecoregions.  2.  Define preliminary subbasin-level ecoregions.  3.  Produce final subbasin-level ecoregion maps, descriptions, and accompanying databases.  4.  Analysis of subbasin-level ecoregions in relationship to Historical Data Base and BPA fish distributions for select subbasins. Researched  extended the classification of subbasin-level ecoregions from the Upper Grande Ronde River subbasin to the rest of the Blue Mountains.  The geographic region included the Grande Ronde, Asotin, Tucannon, and Imnaha subbasins, along with the upper reaches of the Touchet, Walla Walla, Umatilla, Middle Fork, and North Fork John Day subbasins.  Researchers tested the usefulness of ecoregions classification for predicting fish habitat conditions or trends using the Historical Data Base and current stream surveys.  Finer levels of classification (i.e., reach types, stream habitat surveys) were layered over the ecoregions classification and analyzed.  Specifically work addressed fish distribution and habitat distribution using three reach classifications; Cupp's valley segments, Rosgen's reach types, and constrained/unconstrained reaches.  The contract was modified March 1994 to include development of a GIS based data base of all current USFS and ODFW stream surveys.  Data were used to validate basin-level ecoregions and to supply information for use in the Grande Ronde Model Watershed Program.

Publications:
Summary Report for Bureau of Fisheries Stream Habitat Surveys:  Umatilla, Tucannon, Asotin, and Grande Ronde  River Basins-1934-1942 DOE/BP 02246-1.  
Summary Report for Bureau of Fisheries Stream Habitat Surveys:  Clearwater, Salmon, Weiser, and Payette River Basins, 1934-1942 DOE/BP 02246-2.  
Summary Report for Bureau of Fisheries Stream Habitat Surveys:  Willamette River Basin, 1934-1942 DOE/BP 02246-3.  
Summary Report for Bureau of Fisheries Stream Habitat Surveys:  Cowlitz River Basin, 1934-1942 DOE/BP 02246-4.  
Summary Report for Bureau of Fisheries Stream Habitat Surveys - Yakima River Basin 1934-1942 02246-5

Results:
Classification of  subbasin-level ecoregions for the Blue Mountain region of northeast Oregon and southeast Washington.  We propose that future work should focus on more extensive and intensive testing of this hierarchical classification system using available data, such as fish utilization, stream temperature, riparian vegetation, and current stream habitat surveys.  This approach is consistent with the Northwest Power Planning Councils call for the use and application of a hierarchical classification system in the Phase III amendments.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop a hierarchical classification system for upland/riparian/ stream areas.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop a hierarchical classification system for upland/riparian/ stream areas of the Blue Mountain region including the Grande Ronde, Imnaha, Asotin and Tuccanon subbasins and parts of Touchet, Walla Walla, Umatilla, John Day subbasins.

ProjectBackground:
This project related to the actions outlined in the following areas of the Program: Section 7.2 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E), i.e., this classification system was a basic building block for development of the different levels of M&E, and helped to prioritized M&E efforts to critical areas of concern; Section 7.6 Coordinated Information System (CIS), i.e., a habitat classification system to aid in the development of fish productivity and habitat relationships.  This project helped to fulfill the intent of these two actions.  To date, subbasin-level classification for aquatic resources has not occurred for the Blue Mountain region.  The purpose of this project is to classify subbasin-level ecoregions for the Blue Mountain region of northeast Oregon and southeast Washington.  Ecoregions have been developed at the national, regional (Figure 1), and State level (Figure 2) for research, resource management, and regulatory use.  The Pacific Northwest Research Station (PNW), in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency, developed ecoregions at the scale of a large watershed (Thiele 1992), to bridge the gap between ecoregions and stream classification.

ShortTitle:
CLASSIFY ECOSYSTEM TYPES - BLUE MOUNTAINS

LongTitle:
Classification of Ecosystem Types in the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington


Milestones:
The Washington Department of Wildlife, in cooperation with the Yakima Indian Nation, is examining the distribution and abundance of rainbow trout in the upper Yakima River The project is being coordinated with interested sport fishing groups.

Publications:
Yakima River Species Interaction Studies DOE/BP 01483-1;   
Yakima River Species Interactions Study DOE/BP 01483-2;    
Yakima River Species Interactions Study DOE/BP 01483-3;  
Yakima River Species Interaction Studies DOE/BP 01483-1;   
Yakima River Species Interaction Studies DOE/BP 99852-2;  
Yakima River Species Interactions Studies DOE/BP 99852-3

Results:
This study will show the affects, if any, on the rainbow trout population as the Yakima hatchery begins production.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop and implement prefacility design measures, policy development and coordination with tribal, state, and federal agencies with vested interests in the YFPP.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop and implement prefacility design measures, policy development and coordination with tribal, state, and federal agencies with vested interests in the Yakima Fishery Production Project.

ProjectBackground:
This project is part of the Yakima supplementation effort.


LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Engineering Support for Umatilla Passage


Milestones:
Under Phase I, the statistical capabilities to analyze complex statistical models for PIT tag release studies that incorporate pre-release covariates were developed.  Under Phase II, researchers determined location and number of required size calculations for PIT tag release studies, conducted computer studies of robustness of models, developed  alternative scenarios for PIT tag studies, and developed computer package for statistical design and analysis. Recommendations were made to develop user-friendly computer software so that these statistical models can be used by fisheries managers, biometricians, and administratorsSpecific accomplishments by year:1989:  Developed theory to assess survival effects that result from ambient river conditions.1990:  Began software development for statistical analyses, and began statistical theory to assess individual-covariate effects on survival.1991:  Demonstrated ability to simultaneously assess ambient effects and individual-covariate effects on survival.  1992:  Extended computer software to include analysis of group and individual-covariate effects, proposed "straw man" design for development of PIT-tag facilities on Snake-Columbia River, and developed study plan for a Snake River survival study evaluation.  1993:  Completed statistical software development of analysis package - final debugging of computer program, helped facilitate Snake River survival study, and conducted analysis of hatchery survival studies.1994:  Completed SURPH statistical software, dissemination of a user's manual for statistical analysis of data.During the original contract the following was done:Phase III--Develop user-friendly computer software to effectively transfer technology to fisheries managers, biometricians, and administrators

Publications:
Development of Survival Relationships Using Concomitant Variables Measured From Individual Smolt Implanted with PIT-tags DOE/BP 02341-1;   
SURPH.1 MANUAL-Statistical Survival Analysis for Fish and Wildlife Tagging Studies DOE/BP 02341-2 
DOE/BP-02341-3, October 1996:  Center for Quantitative Science, School of Fisheries, University of Washington.  1996.  Introduction to SURPH.1 Analysis of Release-Recapture Data for Survival Studies. Technical Report prepared for Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon.
Other Scientific Reports Produced For Publication:
Skalski, J.R.  1991.  Initial "strawman" design for a 1992 Snake River survival study.  Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR.
Lowther, A.B. and J.R. Skalski.  1996.  Monte-carlo comparison of confidence interval procedures for estimating survival in a release-recapture study, with applications to Snake River salmonids.  Technical Report prepared for Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon (manuscript sent out for regional peer review).
Theses:
Smith, S.G.  1991.  Assessing hazards in wild populations using auxiliary variables in tag-release models.  Ph.D. dissertation.  Univ. of Washington.  Seattle, WA.
 Hoffmann, A.  1993.  Quantifying selection in wild populations using known-fate and mark-recapture designs.  Ph.D. dissertation.  Univ. of Washington.  Seattle, WA.
Papers:
Hoffmann, A., and J.R. Skalski.  1995.  Inferential properties of an individual-based survival model using release-recapture data:  Sample size, validity and power.  J. Appl. Stat. 22:579-595. 
Smith, S.G., and J.R. Skalski.  1995.  Assessment of statistical significance of group covariate effects on  survival using analysis of deviance of release-recapture data.  J. Appl. Ecol. (Accepted). 
Skalski, J.R., and S.G. Smith.  1994.  Risk assessment in avian toxicology using experimental and epidemiological approaches.  In Wildlife toxicology and population modelling:  Integrated studies of agroecosystems, pp.467 - 488.  Lewis Publishers.  Boca Raton, FL.
Skalski, J.R., A. Hoffmann, and S.G. Smith. 1993.  Testing the significance of individual-and cohort-level covariates in animal survival studies.  EURING 92.  In Marked Individuals in the study of bird populations, pp.9 - 28.  S.D. Lebreton and P.M. North (Eds.).  Birkhauser Verlag.  Boston, MA.

Results:
Under Phase II a suite of statistical models with expanded flexibility in describing relationships between survival probability, detection probabilities, and measured covariates were developed. A major contribution of this project has been the development of the statistical theory, software, and analysis package which provide the science base for the ongoing Snake River survival studies conducted by NMFS under project 9302900.The project will provide a better understanding of the appropriate means of managing water to provide flow to enhance juvenile salmon survival through building on existing statistical theory and developing improved methods for estimating and analyzing smolt survival in the Columbia River system.  It will also improve our understanding of the relationship between river flow and other environmental and biological factors on juvenile fish survival

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve monitoring and evaluation capabilities by developing better measurement tools to estimate juvenile and adult survival.  Develop statistical methods for PIT-tag release studies to determine survival rates and behavior of outmigrating smolts.  Analyze tagging studies to determine survival relationships useful in improving mitigation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve M & E capabilities by developing better measurement tools to estimate juvenile and adult survival.  Develop statistical methods for PIT-tag release studies to determine survival rates and behavior of outmigrating smolts.

ProjectBackground:
This project was initiated to develop improved measurement capabilities for estimating fish survival rates in the Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Program.  It focuses on development of data and software for statistical analysis of fish survival. The goal is to develop statistical methods for the design and analysis of PIT-tag release studies in the Columbia River Basin using epidemiological principles which permit the quantification of relationships between survival and the behavioral and physical traits of salmon and steelhead smolt during outmigration   It relates to the overall program as an effort to develop better tools to quantify and improve mainstem juvenile passage survival and evaluate Program effectiveness (1987 Program Measure 206(b)(1) and Action Item 6.2; Salmon Strategy Measure 3.6F.5 and Integrated Action Number 3.7F.5; and 5/94 Measure 5.7A.5).


ProjectTitle:
COLUMBIA RIVER SALMON PASSAGE (CRISP) MODEL

Milestones:
Accomplishments: 1. Adapt and apply juvenile downstream passage model (CRiSP1) for use in coordination of "real time" operation of hydrosystem.  2. Apply l993 Snake River (Skalski) survival study results to calibration of CRiSP.  3. Provide a user-friendly harvest model (CRiSP2) for use in chinook harvest planning.  Provide Beta version of forecasting portion based upon the pacific Salmon Commission Chinook Model, and parameter estimation module and independent calibration tools.  4. Adult upriver migration model (CRiSP1). 5. Production model of juvenile (CRiSP4) developed to combine features of SLCM, ELCM, and PSC chinook models, and calibrated.  6. Life cycle model user interface for the four modules of CRiSP developed.  7. Develop approach to downsize workstation of CRiSP to scale suitable to personal computers available in public schools.  8. Support system Operation Review, Chinook Recovery Team, and other analytical efforts through meetings and analysis using CRiSP and SLCM.  9. Distribute and support network of workstations involved with use of CRiSP and as involved in real time operation of the hydrosystem.

Publications:
Technical Papers:
Anderson, J., D. Dauble, and D. Neitzel. 1989. Proceedings of the Smolt survival workshop.  Pacific Northwest Laboratory Publication.
Anderson,J.J 1990. Mathematical models for fish bypass systems. Report to the Portland District  of the Army Corps of Engineers.
Feist, B.E., and J.J. Anderson. 1991. Review of Behavior Relevant to Fish Guidance Systems.  Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, FRI-UW-9102
Zabel, R.W., Anderson, James J., 1991. Validating a Model of Juvenile Salmonid Migration with  Radio-tagging Data
Anderson, J.J. 1991. Fish Bypass System Mathematical Models. WATERPOWER 91, Proceedings  of the International Conference on Hydropower. July 24-26 1991, Denver, CO.
Swartzman, Gordon L., Hinrichsen, R., Anderson, J.J. and Sherer, Bret, 1991 Columbia River  Salmon Passage (CRiSP) Model, Documentation for CRiSP.0
Swartzman, Gordon L., Equilibrium Abundance of Salmon Stocks in a Life Cycle Model with  Interacting Hatchery and Natural Substocks, Natural Resource Modeling, 5.(1), Winter 1991
Center for Quantitative Science, 1991, Columbia River Salmon Passage (CRiSP) Model: Documentation for CRiSP.1 Scenario Generating Form of Model, 8-91.
Center for Quantitative Science, 1991, Columbia River Salmon Passage (CRiSP) Model: Documentation for CRiSP 1, Monte Carlo and Scenario Forms of Model, 12-91

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide analytical tools and databases required to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrosystem operations and other mitigation measures for improved fish survival as required to meet obligations of the ESA, NEPA, and NW Power Act.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide analytical tools (CRiSP1 &2) and databases required to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrosystem operations and other mitigation measures for improved fish survival as required to meet obligations of the ESA, NEPA, and NW Power Act.

ProjectBackground:
The CRiSP Project was created to develop a juvenile salmon passage computer model to (1) estimate impacts due to changes in operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System, (2) evaluate juvenile passage mitigation alternatives, and 3) aid in the design and evaluation of Columbia River fisheries research, and identify and document similarities and differences among modeling systems.

ShortTitle:
COLUMBIA RIVER SALMON PASSAGE (CRISP) MODEL

LongTitle:
Columbia River Salmon Passage Model - CRISP


ProjectTitle:
PARTICIPATION IN ANAL METHODS COORD/DOC     CRITFC

Milestones:
The tasks identified under this contract are intended to calibrate and compare  the different analytical approaches. .  This approach focused on identifying and documenting similarities and differences among systems without trying to resolve those differences at this point. The review examined model structure, key assumptions, theory, and input data, and how the models integrate as a system.

Results:
This information will provide decision makers, members of the recovery team, and interested parties with a primer on these model system similarities and differences, and with some insight into the impacts of differences on the results of modeling particular scenarios

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide funds for tribal participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide funds for tribal (CRITFC) participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectBackground:
This contract provides funds for participation in a regional analytical methods coordination effort.  General agreement was reached for this coordination effort and for funding of State and Tribal participation at a meeting of the regional entities on February 7, 1992.     The analytical methods and computer models addressed by this contract encompass the entire life cycle of salmon and steelhead in the Columbia Basin.  There are presently three model systems that are used by various entities.  Each of these systems includes component models that address in detail specific parts of the  life cycle.  In each model system, the output from the component models is unified by a life cycle model.  All three model systems are under active development.  This particular contract is for coordination with CRITFC.

ShortTitle:
PARTICIPATION IN ANALYTICAL  METHODS COORDINATION/

LongTitle:
Participation in Analytical Methods Coordination and Documentation - CRITFC


ProjectTitle:
PARTICIPATION IN ANAL METHODS COORD/DOC     ODFW

Milestones:
The analytical methods and computer models addressed by this contract encompassed the entire life cycle of salmon and steelhead in the Columbia Basin. The tasks identified under this contract are intended to calibrate and compare  the different analytical approaches. This approach focused on identifying and documenting similarities and differences among systems without trying to resolve those differences at this point.  The review examined model structure, key assumptions, theory, and input data, and how the models integrate as a system.

Results:
This information is providing decision makers, members of the recovery team, and interested parties with a primer on these model system similarities and differences, and with some insight into the impacts of differences on the results of modeling particular scenarios.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide funds for ODFW participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide funds for ODFW participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectBackground:
This contract provides funds for participation of ODFW in a regional analytical methods coordination effort. General agreement was reached for this coordination effort and for funding of State and Tribal participation at a meeting of the regional entities on February 7, 1992. There are presently three model systems that are used by various entities.  Each of these systems includes component models that address in detail specific parts of the life cycle.  In each model system, the output from the component models is unified by a life cycle model.  All three model systems are under active development.

LongTitle:
Participation in Analytical Methods Coordination and Documentation - ODFW


ProjectTitle:
PARTICIPATION IN ANAL METHODS COORD/DOC     IDFG

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide funds for IDFG participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide funds for IDFG participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectBackground:
This contract provides funds for participation of IDFG in a regional analytical methods coordination effort.  General agreement was reached for this coordination effort and for funding of State and Tribal participation at a meeting of the regional entities on February 7, 1992. There are presently three model systems that are used by various entities.  Each of these systems includes component models that address in detail specific parts of the  life cycle.  In each model system, the output from the component models is unified by a life cycle model.  All three model systems are under active development.

LongTitle:
Participation in Analytical Methods Coordination and Documentation - IDFG


ProjectTitle:
PARTICIPATION IN ANAL METHODS COORD/DOC     WDF

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide funds for WDF participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide funds for WDF participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectBackground:
This contract provides funds for participation in a regional analytical methods coordination effort.  General agreement was reached for this coordination effort and for funding of State and Tribal participation at a meeting of the regional entities on February 7, 1992. There are presently three model systems that are used by various entities.  Each of these systems includes component models that address in detail specific parts of the life cycle.  In each model system, the output from the component models is unified by a life cycle model.  All three model systems are under active development.

LongTitle:
Participation in Analytical Methods Coordination and Documentation - WDF


ProjectTitle:
PARTICIPATION IN ANAL METHODS COORD/DOC     PSMFC

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide funds for PSMFC participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide funds for PSMFC participation in regional analytical methods coordination effort.

ProjectBackground:
This contract provides funds for participation of PSMFC in a regional analytical methods coordination effort.  General agreement was reached for this coordination effort and for funding of State and Tribal participation at a meeting of the regional entities on February 7, 1992. There are presently three model systems that are used by various entities.  Each of these systems includes component models that address in detail specific parts of the  life cycle.  In each model system, the output from the component models is unified by a life cycle model.  All three model systems are under active development.

ShortTitle:
ANALYTICAL  METHODS COORDINATION - PSMFC

LongTitle:
Participation in Analytical Methods Coordination and Documentation - PSMFC


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR OM&C - UMATILLA HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project,  i.e. BPA Operations, Maintenance and Construction support for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project,  i.e. BPA Operations, Maintenance and Construction support for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
BPA - OVERHEAD COSTS FOR O&M - UMATILLA HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Overhead Costs for Operations and Maintenance - Umatilla Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR E - ELLENSBURG SCREENS

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA  Engineering support for the Ellensburg Screens in the Yakima project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA  Engineering support for the Ellensburg Screens in the Yakima project.

ShortTitle:
BPA - ENGINEERING OVERHEAD FOR ELLENSBURG SCREEN

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Overhead Costs for Engineering - Ellensburg Screen


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project for the development of the Division of Fish and Wildlife (PJ).

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project for the development of the Division of Fish and Wildlife (PJ).

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - PJ ORGANIZATIONAL  DEVELOPMENT

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - PJ  Organizational Development


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for new measures (expense) for the fiscal year 1990.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for new measures (expense) for the fiscal year 1990.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - NEW MEASURES (EXPENSE) FY 90

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - New Measures (Expense) FY 90


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for new measures (captial) for the fiscal year 1990.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for new measures (captial) for the fiscal year 1990.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - NEW MEASURE (CAPITAL) FY 90

LongTitle:
BPA Internal L - New Measure (Capital) FY 90


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - MONITORING/EVAL PRJCTS

Milestones:
Spring chinook and steelhead trout are being reared at different densities and with oxygen supplementation before being outplanted.  The resulting total contributions will be compared between the treatments and used to evaluate the  success of the supplementation program. The project compared O2 vs. Standard and "O" versus Full Term chS smolts for the first 5 years (1992-1997).

Publications:
Fish Research Project - Oregon:  Umatilla Hatchery Monitoring & Evaluation DOE/BP 23720-1;   
Umatilla Hatchery Monitoring & Evaluation DOE/BP 23720-2;   
Fish Research Project-Oregon--Umatilla Hatchery Monitoring and Evaluation-Project Period:  1 Nov. 1993 - 30 Oct. 1994 DOE/BP 23720-3;   
Fish Research Project - Oregon:  Umatilla Hatchery Monitoring & Evaluation DOE/BP 23720-4

Results:
Allow existing facilities to be retrofitted with existing quality water, but in low supply.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate effects and efficiency of compartmented raceways, rearing density and the use of supplemental oxygen on adult survival of chinook salmon and steelhead.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate effects and efficiency of compartmented raceways, rearing density and the use of supplemental oxygen on adult survival of chinook salmon and steelhead.

ProjectBackground:
This project will evaluate the success of the rearing densities under supplemental O2 and standard rearing densities in the survival of adult salmon and steelhead.  Spring chinook and steelhead trout will be reared at different densities and with oxygen supplementation before being outplanted.  The resulting total contributions will be compared between the treatments and used to evaluate the success of the supplementation program. Objectives include: 1. Comparison of production for fall chinook and summer steelhead from O2 and standard rearing systems.  2. Smolt to adult survival for ChF and StS from O2 and Standard rearing systems.  3.  Comparison of production and survival of spring chinook full-term and age-0 smolts.  4.  Estimation of natural production success for ChF-ChS- and StS as a result of supplementation.

LongTitle:
Umatilla Hatchery Monitoring and Evaluation Projects


Milestones:
In l993, 26 miles of the Umatilla Basin were intensively surveyed to determine habitat conditions and presence or absence of salmonids.  Continued monitoring of returning adults at Three Mile Dam produced results of 1,205 adult spring Chinook, 89 fall Chinook, and 22 coho.  A harvest goal of 200 spring chinook was split equally between sport and Tribal fisheries.  Work continues on habitat improvement and biological monitoring.  Progress occurs toward restoration of spring and fall chinook and coho salmon and supplementation of steelhead in the Umatilla River Basin without damaging native species.  Work continues on habitat improvement and biological monitoring.

Publications:
Umatilla Basin Natural Production Monitoring and Evaluation DOE/BP 75347-1;   
Umatilla Basin Natural Production Monitoring and Evaluation DOE/BP 75347-2;   
Umatilla Basin Natural Production Monitoring and Evaluation DOE/BP 75347-3

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate the success of natural production of salmon and steelhead resulting from the Umatilla Fisheries Restoration Program.  Specifically evaluate the implementation of the Umatilla Hatchery Master Plan with respect to adult salmon and steelhead passage, natural production, and Tribal harvest.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate natural production of salmon and steelhead resulting from the Umatilla Fisheries Restoration Program. Evaluate the implementation of the Umatilla Hatchery Master Plan for adult salmon & steelhead passage, natural production, and Tribal harvest.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of this project is to allow the restoration of spring and fall chinook and coho salmon and supplementation of steelhead in the Umatilla River Basin (48,000 adult fish) without damaging native species. This project combined with Project 90-005 (Umatilla Hatchery M&E) will allow restoration of salmon and supplementation for steelhead without damaging ecological interactions with native species.    Objectives include:    1.  Estimate natural production capacities.    2.  Determine genetic and ecological effects of supplementation.    3.  Monitor harvests in relation to above.

LongTitle:
Umatilla Basin Natural Production Monitoring and Evaluation


ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - WILDLIFE MITIGATION (OR, WA, ID)

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Wildlife Mitigation (OR, WA, ID)


ProjectTitle:
HABITAT IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS - LAKE ROOSEVELT

Milestones:
1990-The Lake Roosevelt Rainbow Trout Passage Improvement project was initiated with Phase I .  This included a habitat/ passage inventory of about 20 selected streams and the development of habitat/passage plan..  Phase I was extended and finished 1992.  In 1992 Phase II was implemented on several streams and continued through the fall 1993.  This included implementation of selected projects from the plan..  Operation and maintenance began with 1995-1996 budget year..

Results:
Data gathered will serve as baseline for comparison after habitat improvements have been implemented.

ProjectShortDescription:
Facilitate passage of residential fish in Lake Roosevelt tributaries and improve rearing habitat.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate conditions of 20 Lake Roosevelt tributaries. Facilitate passage of residential fish in Lake Roosevelt tributaries & improve rearing habitat by barrier removal, instream habitat improvement, riparian planting &  livestock exclosure. Continue O&M.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this project is to develop a habitat/passage improvement program that will provide increased natural production benefits for Lake Roosevelt rainbow trout by facilitating passage of migratory trout between the lake and selected tributary streams and through improvement in fry/fingerling rearing habitat.  The program will consist of three phases:    1.  Development of an implementation plan.    2.  Implementation of selected projects; and    3.  Monitoring and evaluation of effectiveness.

ShortTitle:
HABITAT  PROJECTS - LAKE ROOSEVELT TRIBUTARIES

LongTitle:
Rainbow Trout Habitat and Passage Improvement Projects - Lake Roosevelt Tributaries


ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - OVERHEAD (PERSONNEL / TRAVEL)

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Overhead (Personnel / Travel)


ProjectTitle:
ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR NE OREGON HATCHERY

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Northeast Oregon Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Northeast Oregon Hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR NE OREGON HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - Engineering Support for Northeast Oregon Hatchery


Milestones:
This project developed recommendations for the protection, mitigation, and enhancement of wildlife affected by hydroelectric development and operation of Bonneville, The Dalles, John Day, and McNary Dams. An Interagency Technical Workgroup was established.  Target wildlife species and habitat types were identified

Results:
Wildlife mitigation plan for the lower Columbia facilities

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess the options to protect wildlife habitat along the Columbia River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess the options to protect wildlife habitat along the Columbia River. Identify target wildlife species and habitat types.

ProjectBackground:
There was a need to assess the options to protect, mitigate, and enhance wildlife affected by the Lower Columbia facilities.


ProjectTitle:
2.2% CUT IN EXPENSE ALLOCATION FOR FY 90 - OCT 88

ShortTitle:
BPA  -2.2% CUT IN EXPENSE ALLOCATION FY 90 - 88

LongTitle:
BPA Internal  - 2.2% Cut in Expense Allocation for FY 90 - Oct 88


ProjectTitle:
STREAM SURVEY,HTCHRY,HAB IMPROV, MNTR COEUR D

Milestones:
Surveys were designed to collect information on improving spawning habitat, rearing habitat, and access to spawning tributaries for bull trout and cutthroat trout, and to evaluate the existing fish stocks. All 20 Lake Coeur d'Alene tributary streams on the Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation were initially surveyed by helicopter. During second year of the study efforts included developing a stream ranking system to select streams of primary fisheries potential. Ranking criteria were developed to rate the 19 tributaries on the Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation for potential habitat enhancement for westslope cutthroat trout and bull trout.  Their requirements, derived from an extensive literature review of each species, were compared to the physical and biological parameters of each stream observed during an aerial (helicopter) survey.  Ten tributaries were selected for further study, using the ranking criteria that were derived.  Streams located completely on the reservation showed the highest potential for enhancement, had no barriers to fish migration, had good road access, and had a gradient acceptable to cutthroat and bull trout.  The 10 streams selected for further study were Bellgrove, Fighting, Lake, Squaw, Plummer, Little Plummer, Benewah, Alder, Hell's Gulch, and Evans Creeks.  A ground survey was then conducted on the 10 best streams. Upon completion of the tasks of this baseline survey, recommendations of alternative strategies were made for improvements to support cutthroat and bull trout on the selected tributariesFY95:  Submission of final baseline assessment report with specific recommendations to BPA/NPPC for enhancement of 4 selected tributaries (June). FY95 initiate NEPA work on restoration work/advance design of enhancement projects.  Initiate three demonstration habitat improvement projects (Two streams and one pond).  Begin education process with local public; NEPA process for hatchery (June); Begin preliminary design for hatchery..

Publications:
Fisheries Habitat Evaluation on Tributaries of the Couer d'Alene Indian Reservation DOE/BP 10544-1;   
Fisheries Habitat Evaluation on Tributaries of the Couer d'Alene Indian Reservation DOE/BP 10544-2;   
Fisheries Habitat Evaluation on Tributaries of the Couer d'Alene Indian Reservation DOE/BP 10544-3;   
Fisheries Habitat Evaluation on Tributaries of the Couer d'Alene Indian Reservation DOE/BP 10544-4

Results:
Baseline field data and interpretations and conclusions based on these results.  Identification of limiting factors and alternatives for habitat restoration. An analysis of the cost and potential success for each alternative. Recommendations for improving the cutthroat and bull trout fisheries in the selected tributaries. Determination of the need for a hatchery stocking program

ProjectShortDescription:
Implement fishery enhancement measures on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation.  These include: purchase of critical watershed areas, restore habitat , develop educational outreach program, determine interim tribal harvest opportunities, construct and operate a hatchery, and initiate a five year M & E five year program.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Implement fishery enhancement on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation. Purchase of critical watershed areas; restore habitat; develop educational outreach program; determine interim tribal harvest; construct & operate a hatchery, and initiate M & E program.

ProjectBackground:
This project was a mitigation / substitution project for resident fisheries.  Resident fish improvements were to be substituted for lost anadromous salmon resources.  This study will provide baseline data to determine which tributary streams on the Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation would be suitable for rehabilitation and stocking of cutthroat and bull trout, and provide baseline data to assess the effectiveness of potential habitat restoration and hatchery stocking measures.  The objectives of this study are to:    1.  Identify tributaries on the Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation which could be altered to improve their spawning and rearing habitat for cutthroat and bull trout;    2.  Evaluate the cutthroat and bull trout fisheries of selected tributaries, and estimate available habitat for cutthroat and bull trout in these tributaries;    3.  Assess the water quality and benthic macroinvertebrate community of the selected tributaries to determine if fisheries and habitat enhancement measures would be worthwhile;    4.  Identify factors limiting cutthroat and bull trout production in each selected tributary; and     5.  Suggest habitat modifications to improve spawning and rearing habitat, as well as access to these streams for migrations of cutthroat and bull trout.  Objective 1.  Identify five streams for intensive evaluation.    Task 1.4  Conduct on-the-ground surveys of the 10 best streams as identified in Task 1.3.    Task 1.5  Analyze the data, rank the 10 best streams, and select five primary streams (one control and four treatments), in consultation with BPA, for in-depth study.     Objective 2.  Conduct in-depth evaluations of primary tributaries.    Task 2.1  Ground surveys of each stream utilizing techniques of U.S. Forest Service/TFW Ambient stream monitoring field program and determine quantity and quality of available habitat for cutthroat and bull trout.    Task 2.2  Determine cutthroat and bull trout population in each habitat type in each primary season.    Task 2.3  Assess age, growth, and condition of cutthroat and bull trout in each primary stream.     Task 2.4  Determine extent and effectiveness of cutthroat and bull trout spawning in each primary tributary.    Task 2.5  Assess cutthroat and bull trout migration between Coeur d'Alene Lake and each primary tributary by installing two combination upstream/downstream traps in each stream.    Task 2.6  Conduct a creel survey on the five tributaries.    Objective 3.  Summarize and analyze field data collected on five primary streams.    Task 3.1  Analyze habitat data and enter into computer spreadsheet Task 3.2  Analyze fish population data.    Task 3.3  Analyze and expand fish creel survey data.     Objective 4.  Identify limiting factors and habitat restoration alternatives in primary tributaries and make recommendations.    Task 4.1  Combine data from above Tasks (2.3-3.3) to identify biological habitat restoration alternatives and establish biological objectives.    Task 4.2  Conduct cost/benefit analysis on specific habitat options

ShortTitle:
COEUR D'ALENE RESERVATION FISHERY ENHANCEMENT

LongTitle:
Fisheries Habitat Evaluation in Tributaries on the Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation


Milestones:
Project involves the acquisition and enhancement of habitat to benefit wildlife and resident fish.  The focus of the project is the enhancement and conservation of high value habitat (70 acres of emergent wetlands and 180 acres of forested/riparian wetlands) for species which were affected by construction and operation of Albeni Falls Dam.  The Lake Creek land acquisition is intended to complement ongoing BPA funded stream restoration projects and establish a precedent for watershed management efforts on the reservation.  Monitoring and evaluation of enhancement projects will facilitate an adaptive management approach.  BPA will receive wildlife credit for approximately 760 Habitat Units as a result of acquisition of high value wetlands habitat.  Additional habitat units will be gained as a result of subsequent enhancement efforts.  Benefits to wildlife under the mitigation plan address habitat losses attributed to the construction of Albeni Falls dam.  Enhancement and protection of riparian areas will provide measurable improvements in channel stability, sediment abatement, water quality, and habitat suitability for wildlife and fish.  Benefits to resident fish will mitigate for lost subsistence opportunities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Aquisition of land on the SE shore of Lake Coeur  D'Alene for resident fish watershed - habitat improvements.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Aquisition of land on the SE shore of Lake Coeur  D'Alene for resident fish watershed - habitat improvements.

ProjectBackground:
This was a special task within the larger Coeur D'Alene fishery enhancement project of the Coeur D'Alene Reservation.

ShortTitle:
LAKE CREEK LAND ACQUISITION - COEUR D'ALENE BASIN

LongTitle:
Lake Creek Land Acquisition - Coeur D'Alene Basin


Milestones:
The project developed goals and objectives to mitigate the net effects to wildlife from hydroelectric development and operation of Minidoka Dam, and to recommend general protection, mitigation and enhancement opportunities for target wildlife species.  Wildlife program standards outlined in the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program, Section 1000, and wildlife management goals and objectives, current and future wildlife needs, and past and current mitigation/management efforts of the U.S.  Bureau of Reclamation were considered in developing this plan.  The project resulted in prioritized goals and objectives for the protection, mitigation, and enhancement of target wildlife species.

Publications:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, & Enhancement Plan Minidoka Dam DOE/BP 03947-1

Results:
Mitigation goals.  Project activities will be undertaken through the use of an inter-agency technical work group.  Public Involvement activities will include local governments and other interested parties throughout development of the wildlife mitigation plan.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop goals and objects to mitigate for the impacts on wildlife from the development and operation of Minidoka Dam and recommend appropriate implementation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop goals and objects to mitigate for the impacts on wildlife from the development and operation of Minidoka Dam and recommend appropriate implementation.

ProjectBackground:
Construction of the Minidoka Dam had had a significant impact on wildlife and wildlife habitat in the region.

LongTitle:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, and Enhancement Plan - Minidoka Dam


Milestones:
This project identified factors limiting river otter number, and prepared management plans for improving and protecting habitat.

Publications:
Lower Clearwater Aquatic Mammal Survey DOE/BP 12073-1

Results:
Steps towards increased populations of river otters.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identify factors limiting river otter number and prepare management plans for improving and protecting habitat in the lower Clearwater River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify factors limiting river otter number and prepare management plans for improving and protecting habitat in the lower Clearwater River.

ProjectBackground:
There was concern about the river otter population in the lower Clearwater River.


ProjectTitle:
PERF/STOCK PROD IMPACTS OF HATCHERY SUPPL

Milestones:
Selected study streams and began experimentation to evaluate genetic differences in growth and survival of juvenile steelhead from hatchery and wild parents.  Adult wild steelhead were captured from the Lochsa or Selway rivers and adult hatchery steelhead from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery in 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1995.  These adults were used to make the desired experimental crosses.  Comparisons of growth and survival for offspring of hatchery and wild fish are ongoing for all four year-classes in natural streams and in hatcheries.  Adults returning in 1996 will be used to initiate our evaluation of differences in reproductive success between hatchery and wild fish.Products and milestones through the end of the project:.FY 1994:  Juvenile releases ongoing.FY 1995:  Juvenile releases ongoing.FY 1996:  Adult wild and hatchery fish returning in 1996 ( and in 1997, 1998, and 1999) will be used to evaluate reproductive success for naturally spawning hatchery and wild steelhead.FY 1997:  Experimental work for evaluating genetic differences in growth and survival of juvenile steelhead from hatchery and wild parents will be completed.FY 1999:  Adult return evaluations begin.FY 2003:  Study complete.

Publications:
Reisenbichler, R.R., and G.S. Brown. 1995. Is Genetic Change From Hatchery Rearing of Anadromous Fish Really a Problem? Pages 578-579 in Uses and Effects of Cultured Fishes in Aquatic Ecosystems. American Fisheries Society Symposium 15.  Bethesda, MD.
Reisenbichler, R.R. (in press). Genetic factors contributing to declines of anadromous salmonids in the Pacific Northwest. Pages xx in D. Stouder and R. Naiman [eds.] Pacific Salmon and Their Ecosystems. Chapman & Hall, Inc.
Reisenbichler, R.R. (in press; a). Questions and partial answers about supplementation--genetic differences between hatchery and wild fish. In Proceedings of the Columbia River Anadromous Salmonid Rehabilitation Symposium, Richland, WA (June 1995).
Reisenbichler, R.R. (in press; b). Effects of supplementation with hatchery fish on carrying capacity and productivity of naturally spawning populations of steelhead.  In Proceedings of the Workshop on Ecological Carrying Capacity for Columbia Basin Salmon Habitats. Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR (September 1995).

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate costs and benefits for alternative sources of hatchery broodstocks in supplementation programs, test for domestication selection,  and determine whether various modifications of the hatchery program can improve fitness of hatchery fish for reproducing and rearing and natural streams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate costs & benefits for alternative sources of hatchery broodstocks for supplementation; test for domestication selection; determine if modifications of the hatchery program can improve fitness of hatchery fish for reproducing & rearing in streams.

ProjectBackground:
This study is designed to compare the growth, survival, and reproductive success of fish from established hatchery stocks and from wild stocks, both reared in natural streams and in hatcheries.  If substantial differences are observed between hatchery fish and wild fish rearing in natural streams, managers should be quick to abandon the "convenient method" of using established hatchery stocks; and if little or no differences are observed, managers can rest easier because the convenient method will have been shown to be little different from the more costly method of developing new brood stocks and using wild fish each generation.  Relative performance of hatchery fish and wildfish in the hatcheries will indicate the cost to the hatchery program, in lowered efficiency of including wildfish as brood.  This project addresses the broader concept of will supplementation strategies work.  Project completion is expected in 2002.

ShortTitle:
PRODUCTION IMPACTS OF VARIOUS HATCHERY STOCKS

LongTitle:
Performance and Stock Productivity Impacts of Hatchery Supplementation


Milestones:
Potential impacts of interspecific competition between resident trout and anadromous fish were described by identifying population density and overlap by habitat type, diet overlap, spatial and temporal behavior during spawning and predation by native trout upon the parr stage of both anadromous species.  Studies focused on drainages of the Blue Mountains in SE Washington.

Publications:
Investigations of Bull Trout (Salvelinus Confluentus) Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), & Spring Chinook Salmon (O. Tshawytscha) Interactions in Southeast Washington Streams DOE/BP 17758-1. 
Investigations of Bull Trout (Salvelinus) Confluentus), Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), and Spring Chinook Salmon (O.Tshawytscha) Interactions in SE Washington Streams DOE/BP 17758-2

Results:
Comparison of the interspecific differences between stream systems will aide in the analysis of supplementation impacts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identify fish species population density and overlap by habitat type in SE Washington.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify resident fish species population density and overlap by habitat type in drainages of theBlue Mountains in SE Washington. Determine potential impacts of interspecific competition with anadromous fish.

ProjectBackground:
Bull trout and other lesser abundant native resident species are present during early life stages in the preferred habitat of juvenile and adult spring Chinook salmon and steelhead.  Supplementation of anadromous species throughout the Columbia Basin could adversely impact native resident trout populations through inter-specific competition for food and space.

ShortTitle:
SOUTHEAST WASHINGTON SPECIES INTERACTION STUDY

LongTitle:
Impacts of Supplementation on Resident Summer Steelhead Smolts - Southeast Washington Species Interaction Study


ProjectTitle:
EVAL ACCLIM SPRG CHNK/SUMM STLHD IN GRND R/IMNAHA

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE ACCLIMATION OF SPRING CHINOOK & STEELHEAD

LongTitle:
Evaluate acclimation of Spring Shinook and Summer Steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha Basins


ProjectTitle:
SUPPL OF SUMMER STEELHEAD PRODUCTION IN IDAHO

Milestones:
This study was conducted in two phases.  Phase I included development of a long-term experimental design to address project objectives initial collection of samples for baseline genetic profiles, and summarization of historic information on selected study streams.  Phase II was the implementation of the experimental design, and was closely coordinated with or integrated with ongoing Project 8909800 which dealt with supplementation of spring and summer Chinook in Idaho.

Publications:
Steelhead Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers-To Evaluate the Feasibility of Using Artificial Production to Increase Natural Steelhead Populations and to collect Baseline Life History, Genetic, and Disease Data from Natural Steelhead populations DOE/BP 01466-3

Results:
The ultimate goal of this research project is to determine if existing populations of summer steelhead can be successfully increased through supplementation with various life stages of hatchery reared fish.  It explores the ability of supplemented populations to maintain themselves in the absences of additional outplants and to document genetic and behavioral interactions of outplanted fish with existing or naturally producing steelhead populations.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine if supplementation can be used to rebuild depressed stocks and re-establish extirpated stocks of summer steelhead.  Research different methodologies to determine the best method(s) to supplement steelhead stocks to improve natural production.  Gather life-history attributes from wild stocks to guide decisions to match donor and recipient stocks.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine if supplementation would rebuild depressed stocks & re-establish extirpated stocks of summer steelhead. Find best supplementation methods. Use life-history attributes of wild stocks to match donor & recipient stocks. Conducted along with 8909800

ProjectBackground:
The long-term objectives of this study were to determine the effects of outplanting different life stages of summer steelhead on natural fish, the effectiveness of the outplanting in building self-sustaining natural runs of the species, and development of guidelines for future outplanting in terms of size and time of release.

ShortTitle:
SUPPEMENTATION OF STEELHEAD PRODUCTION IN IDAHO

LongTitle:
Steelhead Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers


ProjectTitle:
EVAL ACCLIM FACIL TO IMPRV/INCR SUMM STLHD SURVL

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE ACCLIMATION FACILITIES FOR STEELHEAD

LongTitle:
Evaluate Acclimation Facilities to Improve and Increase Sumer Steelhead Survival


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - PROJECT LEADER FUNCTION

Milestones:
This function is intended to reach consensus by the fishery management entities on issues critical to the successful development of the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project.  Required tasks include: completion of refined project goals, an assessment of genetic risks, production and harvest goals, and fishery management policy approval. Work statement same as described.  Scheduled to be completed by 1996.

Results:
The contract will assist in the facilitation/resolution of fishery management issues on the Yakima Fisheries Project

ProjectShortDescription:
Completion of refined project goals for the Yakima Project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Completion of refined project goals for the Yakima/Klickitat Production Project by consensus among the fishery management entities .

ProjectBackground:
This approach to issues resolution was  requested by the Northwest Power Planning Council in November 1987.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY - PROJECT LEADER FUNCTION

LongTitle:
Yakima / Klickitat Production Project - Project Leader Function


Milestones:
Through this project an offsite meeting location for a team building seminar for the Division of Fish and Wildlife was secured.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Secure offsite meeting location for team building seminar for the BPA Division of Fish and Wildlife.

LongTitle:
Division Strategic Planning Retreat - Meeting Facilities


ProjectTitle:
FUNGAL INFECTION: SPRING/SUMMER CHINOOK SALMON

Milestones:
Isolate and identify the fungi species and strains infecting egg and adult life stages of spring and summer Chinook salmon at five BPA approved hatchery locations that are representative ecologically of the Columbia River Basin.  Develop culture maintenance methods, and develop protocol for identifying the isolated fungi species and strains.  Provide "pure" cultures of each strain of fungi to BPA for possible testing of virulence among strains of SAPROLEGNIA and use of chemotherapeutants. Continue identification of fungi infecting spring Chinook salmon in the Columbia River system.  This will include isolation, axenic culture, classical and molecular techniques on strains of Saprolegnia that are pathogenic in the various life stages of salmonid fish.  Control of Saprolegnia will be developed by designing sampling techniques for monitoring the threat of an outbreak in hatchery operations; by biological control of Saprolegnia using Woronina polycystes as a microlial control and selection of bacteria inhabiting the surface of salmon that display inhibitory action against Saprolegnia.  Once the information has been compiled it will be used to test whether or not Saprolegnia is a primary pathogen or not. Organization and coordination of a 1 day "Symposium on Saprolegniasis in Salmon," to be held in Portland, Oregon, August 1992.  It would benefit BPA in several ways.  First, proceedings from the meeting will be published.  Second, new ideas and technologies would be exchanged between specialists from all over the world.  Third, the exchange of knowledge would benefit the current project and assist BPA in directing the conduct of the next phase regarding refinement of identification and control measures.

Results:
Provide data to initiate action to find a control for this ubiquitous disease.

ProjectShortDescription:
Conduct research on fungal infections (Saprolegnia) of spring and summer chinook salmon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Conduct research on fungal infections, such as Saprolegnia, of spring and summer chinook salmon.  Determine Saprolegnia's possible impact on prespawning mortality and determine possible controls.

ProjectBackground:
Saprolegnia fungus may be one of the leading causes of prespawning mortality in spring Chinook.

ShortTitle:
FUNGAL INFECTION: SPRING AND SUMMER CHINOOK SALMON

LongTitle:
Research on Fungal Infections of Spring and Summer Chinook Salmon


Milestones:
This project covered contract clerical services in the Yakima Project Office before FTE was given for our secretary position

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Contract secretarial services for the Yakima Project Office.

ProjectBackground:
An separate office to handle the Yakima project was established in Yakima.

ShortTitle:
OFF-SITE CLERICAL SERVICES - YAKIMA PROJECT

LongTitle:
Contractual, Off-Site Clerical Services - Yakima Project


ProjectTitle:
UNALLOCATED REDUCTION TO MATCH ALLOCATION

ShortTitle:
BPA - UNALLOCATED REDUCTION TO MATCH ALLOCATION

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal  - Unallocated Reduction to Match Allocation


Milestones:
Developed smolt monitoring procedures and conducted survival studies.

Publications:
Juvenile Salmonid Pit-Tag Studies at Prosser Dam and the Chandler Canal Fish Collection Facility DOE/BP 07009-2; 
Pit-Tag Studies with Juvenile Salmonids at the Chandler Canal Fish Collection Facility, Yakima River DOE/BP 07099-1

ProjectShortDescription:
Calibrate Prosser smolt trap for in-river versus canal distribution of outmigrating salmon and steelhead in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Calibrate Prosser smolt trap for in-river versus canal distribution of outmigrating salmon and steelhead in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
This study will assess PIT-tag and other mark recovery capabilities of the Chandler Canal juvenile trapping facility, determine the mark recovery differences at McNary Dam for fish released at several locations around the Prosser Dam/Chandler Canal area, and determine behavioral differences between fish naive to Prosser Dam and fish previously entrained into Chandler Canal.    In addition, comparisons between freeze brands and PIT-tags, and the evaluation of a floating trap at west Richland will be included.

LongTitle:
Chandler Juvenile Trap Calibration: Evaluating Mark-Recovery Capabilities in the Yakima River


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA ADULT / JUVENILE FISH TRAP DESIGN

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA ADULT / JUVENILE FISH TRAP DESIGN

LongTitle:
Yakima Adult and Juvenile Fist Trap Design


Results:
Final design of the Yakima - Cle Elum Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop the final design of Yakima River spring chinook central outplanting facility at Cle Elum, WA, and preliminary design for three satellite acclimation facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop the final design of Yakima River spring chinook central outplanting facility at Cle Elum, WA, and preliminary design for three satellite acclimation facilities.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of this contract is to conduct the final design of the Yakima Fisheries Project.  Elements include detailed engineering, layouts, design drawings, water analysis, cost estimates, and permits..


ProjectTitle:
TECHNICAL DESIGN FOR YAKIMA SALMON/STEELHEAD PROD

ShortTitle:
TECHNICAL DESIGN FOR YAKIMA SALMON/STEELHEAD PROD


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY FINAL DESIGN/WELL FIELD DEVELOPMEN

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY FINAL DESIGN/WELL FIELD DEVELOPMEN

LongTitle:
Technical Design Services for Yakima Salmon and Steelhead Production


LongTitle:
Final SDC and Start Up at Cle Elum Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY FINAL DESIGN/ACCLIMATION PERMITS

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY FINAL DESIGN/ACCLIMATION PERMITS


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY FINAL DESIGN ACCLIMATION SITES

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA HATCHERY FINAL DESIGN ACCLIMATION SITES

LongTitle:
Final Design on Yakima Hatchery Acclimation Sites


Milestones:
Provided public information to approximately 3,000 entities involved in the Yakima enhancement program.  The newsletters gave perspectives on the broad range of water issues, which affect ongoing BPA-funded fish and wildlife efforts.

Results:
Public dissemination of information relative to the Yakima project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Publish newsletter on BPA-funded Fish and Wildlife programs in the Yakima Basin for public information.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Publish newsletter on BPA-funded Fish and Wildlife programs in the Yakima Basin for public information.

ProjectBackground:
This projectwas a cost-sharing arrangement by BPA, U.S.  Bureau of Reclamation, Washington Department of Ecology, and the Yakima Valley Council of Governments to publish a newsletter on BPA-funded Fish and Wildlife Programs, and other water resource programs in the Yakima River Basin.  This project was undertaken consistent with the BPA public involvement plan for the Yakima Basin Program.


ProjectTitle:
OVERHEAD COSTS FOR E - YAKIMA SCREENS PHASE II

ShortTitle:
BPA -ENGINEERING OVERHEAD- YAKIMA SCREENS PHASE II

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Overhead Costs for Engineering - Yakima Screens Phase II


ProjectTitle:
GALBRAITH SPRING HATCHERY MANAGER TRAINING PROGRAM

Milestones:
Trained hatchery manager for Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) Kokanee Hatchery; prepared a hatchery management plan; provided onsite construction inspection.

Results:
Operation of the Galbraith Springs Hatchery

ProjectShortDescription:
Train the hatchery manager for Galbraith Springs Kokanee Hatchery and prepare a hatchery management plan.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Train the hatchery manager for Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) Kokanee Hatchery and prepare a hatchery management plan.

ProjectBackground:
Training of tribal personnel was needed as the Spokane Tribal Hatchery was completed

ShortTitle:
SPOKANE TRIBAL HATCHERY MANAGER TRAINING PROGRAM

LongTitle:
Spokane Tribal Hatchery (Galbraith Springs) Kokanee Hatchery Manager Training Program


Milestones:
The 1990 pilot fishery was implemented, harvesting a total of 20,000 squawfish  of which approximately 11,000 were harvested in the John Day Reservoir.    Expansion of the program to all Federal reservoirs in the Lower Columbia and Snake Rivers occurred in 1991.    Over 200,000 squawfish were harvested throughout the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers in 1991.  Preliminary data indicates an overall exploitation rate of 10-15 percent, with exploitation in individual reservoirs ranging from less than 10 percent to approximately 30 percent.    Over 230,000 squawfish were harvested throughout the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers in 1992.  Exploitation was approximately 12 percent on system-wide basis ranging from near 0 in Ice Harbor Reservoir to approximately 20 percent in The  Dalles Reservoir.  Efforts to increase catch are underway to ensure timely evaluation of the program.  Approximately 128,000 squawfish were harvested throughout the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers in 1993.  Exploitation was approximately 8.5 percent on a systemwide basis.  Approximately 160,000 Northern squawfish were harvested in the combined fisheries throughout the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers in 1994.  Preliminary  exploitation estimates of 13 percent systemwide are reported for 1994. This equates to an average exploitation rate of about 11% for 1991-94, ranging from 8.5% to 13% annually FY 1995 and beyond.  The significance of predation is of a similar order of magnitude in each federal reservoir when compared to John Day.  Predation is greatest downstream of Bonneville, and in Bonneville and The Dalles reservoirs, and somewhat less in Snake River reservoirs when compared to John Day.  It is deemed advisable to: 1) Continue implementation of squawfish management throughout the Lower Columbia and Snake Rivers to reduce predation mortality;  2) evaluate the effectiveness of squawfish management in reducing predation mortality, including assessment of squawfish age/size structure, growth, fecundity, and mortality, consumption of juvenile salmonids by squawfish and other resident fish predators, and effects of squawfish management on juvenile fish survival; 3) continue to assess opportunities to increase exploitation rates and overall benefit to juvenile fish survival resulting from squawfish management efforts.

Publications:
Development of a Systemwide Predator Control Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index, Predator Control Fisheries, and Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin - Volume - I DOE/BP 07084;   
Development of a System-wide Predator Control Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index Predator Control Fisheries & Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 07084-1;  
Development of a System-wide Predator Control Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index Predator Control Fisheries & Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 07084-2;   
Development of a Systemwide Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index, Predator Control Fisheries, and Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin, Volume I DOE/BP 07084-3;   
Development of a Systemwide Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index, Predator Control Fisheries, and Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin, Volume II DOE/BP 07084-4;   
Development of a Systemwide Predator Control Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index, Predator Control Fisheries, and Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin - Volume II - Evaluation DOE/BP 07084-5;   
Development of a Systemwide Predator Control Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index,  Predator Control Fisheries, and Evaluation in the Columbia River Basin-Section 1:  Implementation DOE/BP 24514-1;   
Development of a Systemwide Predator Control Program:  Stepwise Implementation of a Predation Index, Predator Control Fisheries, and Evaluation Plan in the Columbia River Basin --Section II:  Evaluation DOE/BP 24514-2;

Results:
A significant decrease in both the squawfish population and in predation on salmonids.

ProjectShortDescription:
Implement squawfish management program to reach predation control goals; evaluate squawfish population response; improve salmonid survival at mainstem hydro facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Implement squawfish management program to reach predation control goals; evaluate squawfish population response; improve salmonid survival at mainstem hydro facilities.

ProjectBackground:
. The goal of the Squawfish Management Program (SMP) is to reduce the impact of squawfish predation on juvenile salmon and steelhead migrating through the mainstem Columbia and Snake Rivers.  The objective of the harvest fisheries project is to demonstrate the feasibility of sustained harvest of northern squawfish, and to maximize the benefit to anadromous fish while allowing a viable population of northern squawfish to exist in the Columbia and Snake Rivers.  The working hypothesis is that a sustained squawfish harvest rate of 10-20 percent will cause a restructuring of the age and size classes of squawfish, and will result in a reduction in losses of juvenile salmonids to predation by 50 percent or more within 10 years.  The systemwide SMP consists of several integral components.    1.  Squawfish Harvest Fisheries--a sport-reward fishery, a dam-angling fishery and a site-specific fishery implemented as a means to achieve reduction in squawfish population on a yearly basis.    2.  Squawfish Disposition/Utilization--handling, collection and disposition of harvested squawfishThe objective of this project is to determine the significance of predation by  northern squawfish in the Columbia River Basin reservoirs by indexing abundance and integrating abundance indices with consumption indices developed  by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Project No. 9007800; implement northern squawfish fisheries in the Columbia River Basin reservoirs where predation-related mortality is believed to be a problem, beginning with test fisheries in the John Day Reservoir in 1990; conduct an evaluation of the effectiveness of fisheries implemented in Columbia River Basin reservoirs in:   1.  Reducing northern squawfish number.    2.  Altering northern squawfish population structure.    3.  Reducing predation on juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish.    4.  Develop and test promising new ways to harvest northern squawfish and adjust fisheries programs in Columbia River Basin reservoirs to incorporate the most effective harvest technologies.

LongTitle:
Development  of a System-Wide Predator (Squawfish) Control Program


Milestones:
Direct access account for Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission for payment of rewards under Squawfish Management Program Sport Reward Fishery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Squawfish sport reward program funding. Part of the program to control squawfish predation on juvenile salmonids.

ProjectBackground:
Part of the Squawfish Management Program.


Milestones:
This project is determining the significance of predation by northern squawfish by indexing consumption and integrating with abundance indices developed by ODFW (Project 9007700), and evaluating the effect of squawfish management on predatory fish consumption of juvenile salmon and steelhead.  In an effort to reduce juvenile salmonid mortality, in 1991 a northern squawfish removal program was initiated in the Columbia and Snake Rivers; a second goal was to evaluate the removal program and  to test critical assumptions about mid-reservoir predation processes.  
The final goal of the project was to determine mechanisms underlying northern squawfish recruitment and factors affecting year-class strength.  During 1993-1995 we monitored densities of northern squawfish larvae and young juveniles in the Columbia River Basin to locate squawfish spawning areas and describe larval and early juvenile rearing habitats.  In 1994 we initiated a beach seine study with the objectives of examining growth and mortality of northern squawfish larvae and juveniles in shoreline areas and ascertaining the stage during which year-class strength may be determined. Our primary sampling locations have been areas below Bonneville Dam,  the Dalles Pool, the John Day Pool, and two tributaries, the Deschutes and  John Day Rivers.  We plan for 1996 to be the last year of field work for our study.  Sampling will be conducted  in the same locations as in 1995, resulting in four years of data in the upper John Day Pool, and two years of data in each of the other sampling locations.

Publications:
System-wide Significance of Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia & Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 07096-1;   
System-wide Significance of Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia & Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 07096-2;   
System-wide Significance of Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia & Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 07096-3;   
System-wide Significance of Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs and Evaluation of Predation Control Measures DOE/BP 07096-4                                          
Gadomski, D.M. and Barfoot, C.A.  Diel patterns of distribution and abundance of larval fishes in the lower Columbia and Deschutes rivers.  (In preparation, for submittal to Transactions of the North American Fisheries Society)
Barfoot, C.A., D.M. Gadomski, J.M. Bayer, and G.T. Schultz.  In Press.  Early life history of northern squawfish Ptychocheilus oregonensis in the Columbia River.   Annual report by the National Biological Service to the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR. 
Barfoot, C.A., D.M. Gadomski, A.M. Murphy, and G.T. Schultz.  1994.  Reproduction and early life history of northern squawfish Ptychocheilus oregonensis in the Columbia River. pp. 7-40 In Gadomski, D.M. and Poe, T.P. (eds.), System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs and evaluation of predation control measures.  Annual report by the National Biological Survey to the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR.
Gadomski, D.M., and C.A. Barfoot.  1994.  American Fisheries Society, 18th Annual Larval Fish Conference, New Brunswick, Canada.  Composition and distribution of larval fishes in the lower Columbia River basin.
Gadomski, D.M., and C.A. Barfoot.  1993.     American Fisheries Society, Annual Meeting, Portland, OR.  Larval and YOY juvenile northern squawfish in the lower Columbia River basin:  Mainstem vs. tributary densities and distributions.
Gadomski, D.M., A.M. Murphy, and C.A. Barfoot.  1993.  Reproduction and early life history of northern squawfish Ptychocheilus oregonensis in the Columbia River. pp. 26-42 In Petersen, J.H. and Poe, T.P. (eds.),  System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs.  Annual report by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR
Gadomski, D.M., and A.M. Murphy.  1992.  Reproduction and early life history of northern squawfish in the Columbia River.  pp. 89-100 In Poe, T.P. (ed.), Significance of selective predation and development of prey protection measures for juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs.  Annual report by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR.
Petersen, J. H. and T. P. Poe.  1992.  Approaches to estimating predation losses in a large river system:  predation upon juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River.  In C. D. Levings and G. A. Hunter (eds.), An account of the workshop on research approaches to predation/competition questions in river fish communities.  Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Science  2150:13-18.
Petersen, J. H.  1994.  The importance of spatial pattern in estimating predation on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123:924-930.
Poe, T. P., R. S. Shively, and R. A. Tabor.  1994.  Ecological consequences of introduced piscivorous fishes in the lower Columbia and Snake rivers.  Pages 347-360, in D. J. Stouder, K. Fresh, and R. J. Feller (eds.), Theory and Application in Fish Feeding Ecology.  Bell W. Baruch Library and Marine Sciences, No. 18,  University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, South Carolina.
Shively, R. S., T. P. Poe, and S. T. Sauter.  In press.  Feeding response by northern squawfish to a hatchery release of juvenile salmonids in the Clearwater River, Idaho.  Transactions of the  American Fisheries Society  125. 
Tabor, R. A., R. S. Shively, and T. P. Poe.  1993.  Predation of  juvenile salmonids by smallmouth bass and northern squawfish in the Columbia River near Richland, Washington.  North American Journal of Fisheries Management  13: 831-838.  
Ward, D. L., J. H. Petersen, and J. J. Loch.  1995.  Index of predation on juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish in the lower and middle Columbia River and in the lower Snake River.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society  24:321-334.

Results:
Reduction in squawfish predation of salmonids.

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimate the relative magnitude of juvenile salmonid loss to northern squawfish  throughout the Columbia River Basin.  Describe  squawfish spawning and rearing ecology with the goal of  understanding  when year-class strength may be determined and the mechanisms underlying recruitment.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate the magnitude of juvenile salmonid loss to northern squawfish  in the Columbia River Basin. Describe squawfish spawning & rearing ecology. Establish when year-class strength may be determined and the mechanisms underlying recruitment.

ProjectBackground:
In 1990, this project was initiated to estimate the relative magnitude of juvenile losses to northern squawfish  Ptychocheilus oregonensis in reservoirs throughout the Columbia River Basin.  The goal of the Squawfish Management Program is to reduce predation on juvenile salmonids by 50 percent or more.

LongTitle:
System-Wide Significance of Predation (Squawfish) on Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia and Snake Rivers


ProjectTitle:
NON-TREATY STORAGE AGREEMENT - CONSULTANT

Milestones:
A mediator was contracted to provide the necessary counsel on the required issues.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide for a mediator to advise BPA on threatened and endangered species

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide for a mediator to advise BPA on threatened and endangered species issues (ESA), Systems Operation Review (SOR), Non-Treaty Storage Agreement  and other issues pertaining to agencies and tribes.

ProjectBackground:
This supplemental agreement needed to provide for a mediator to advise BPA on: 1.  Threatened and Endangered Species.  2.  Systems Operations Review (SOR).  3.  Non-Treaty Storage Agreement dispute resolutions.  4.  Other concerns expressed by the Pacific Northwest fish and wildlife agencies and Indian Tribes.

ShortTitle:
CONSULTANT FOR ESA, SOR, & OTHER CONCERNS

LongTitle:
Non-Treaty Storage Agreement -Mediation Services


ProjectTitle:
COLUMBIA BASIN PIT-TAG INFORMATION SYSTEM (PTAGIS)

Milestones:
This project is an information/data management and equipment installation, maintenance and operations project.  These products are for each fiscal year:  1. Fully functional detection facilities at selected Corps and Bureau of Reclamation dams.  2. Collection and validation of PIT Tag observation data (from Lower Granite,  Little Goose , Lower Monumental, McNary, Chandler Canal, John Day and Bonneville Dams on a daily basis throughout the juvenile out-migration season.  3. Collection and validation of PIT Tag tagging data, recapture data, volitional release data, mortality data and remote site observation data on a daily basis throughout the juvenile out-migration season.  4. Maintenance of detection equipment at specific Dams throughout the juvenile out-migration season.  5. Maximum eight hour problem resolution turn-around time throughout the juvenile out-migration season.  6. Timely and low cost procurement and distribution of PIT Tags to research organizations.  7. Re-architect observation data collection platform to provide foundation for more near real-time collection and distribution of observation data.   8. Effecting the necessary technology transfers developed under research contracts (New Fish Tag) to an operational action.  9.  Affecting the necessary coordination actions among users to ensure effective administration of contract objectives.  10. Assisting in the development and updating of a long term project management plan for the PTAGIS program.

Results:
Support for Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission (PSMFC)'s office for a long-term PIT Tag Information System (PTAGIS).  The PTAGIS serves as a centralized management entity for the PIT tag system and in conjunction with an interagency Steering Committee which tracks operation, maintenance, and training functions throughout the Basin..

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop, operate, maintain, and enhance a long-term Columbia River Basin database on PIT  Tag information.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop, operate, maintain, and enhance a long-term Columbia River Basin Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Information System (PTAGIS) database utilizing PIT  Tag information.

ProjectBackground:
The Columbia Basin Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tag Information System (PITAGIS) is a database and operational and maintenance program developed and managed by BPA and administered by Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission under contract to BPA.  The primary purpose is to generate data to evaluate the effects of the Federal Columbia River Power System on salmonids.  BPA began funding a PIT tag research and develop with a contract let to NMFS in 1983. After determining the utility of PIT tags and developing, with PSMFC, an effective method of collecting, validating and storing data, NMFS, in 1987 indicated their desire to disengage from the database management and operations and maintenance aspects of the program.  Accordingly, BPA separated the actions of the original contract into two separate contracts.  NMFS was to continue research actions and PSMFC, via a contract let in 1990 was to administer the database management and operations and maintenance aspects of the program.   Since this program is dependent on others to tag fish and project operators to provide the basic infrastructure to concentrate smolts so they can be detected, this collaboration among all users and participants is an essential component of the success of this program.

ShortTitle:
COLUMBIA BASIN PIT-TAG INFORMATION SYSTEM (PTAGIS)

LongTitle:
Columbia River Basin PIT-Tag Information System (PTAGIS)


LongTitle:
Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tag


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Lands support for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Lands support for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - LANDS SUPPORT FOR UMATILLA HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Lands Support for Umatilla Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
CONSTRUCT SHERMAN CREEK KOKANEE HATCHERY

Milestones:
The Sherman Creek Hatchery was constructed as planned. Decisions on hatchery production, stocking and outplanting locations are coordinated by the Spokane Tribe of Indians, the Washington Department of Wildlife, and the Colville Confederated Tribes.

Results:
Sherman Creek Hatchery.   When completed and at maximum capacity, the two hatcheries will provide 8.4 million fish for Lake Roosevelt and 5 million fish for Banks Lake, resulting in 3.1 million and 1.9 million harvestable-sized kokanee, respectively.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct Sherman Creek Hatchery and coordinate operations with the Spokane Tribal hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct Sherman Creek Hatchery and coordinate operations with the Spokane Tribal hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
Two facilities, one at Galbraith Springs on the Spokane Indian Reservation, and one at Sherman Creek, will be operated in conjunction to produce kokanee for outplanting in Lake Roosevelt and Banks Lake.  All eggs will be incubated at the Spokane Tribal facility, where early rearing will also occur.  After rearing, some of the fry will be transported to the Sherman Creek facility on Lake Roosevelt, where they will be imprinted and released.  Eventually, the adults will return to Sherman Creek, captured and spawned, and provide the broodstock for the developing fishery.    During the summer months when there are no kokanee at the Spokane Tribal Hatchery, rainbow trout will be raised, ultimately for transfer to net pens in Lake Roosevelt where they will be further reared and released to provide for additional angling opportunities.

ShortTitle:
CONSTRUCT SHERMAN CREEK KOKANEE HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Construct the Sherman Creek Kokanee Hatchery


Milestones:
This project provided equipment and maintenance of the Sherman Creek Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide equipment and maintenance of the Sherman Creek Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide equipment and maintenance of the Sherman Creek Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
The Sherman Creek Hatchery project was nearing completion.


ProjectTitle:
BPA ENGINEERING SUPPORT FOR SHERMAN CR HTCH

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Sherman Creek Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Engineering support for the Sherman Creek Hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - SHERMAN CREEK HATCHERY ENGINEERING SUPPORT

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Engineering Support for Sherman Creek Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
BPA CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT FOR SHERMAN CR HTCH

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Construction support for Sherman Creek Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal support project, i.e. BPA Construction support for Sherman Creek Hatchery effort.

ShortTitle:
BPA - CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT- SHERMAN CREEK HATCHERY

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Construction Support for the Sherman Creek Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
REALLOC FOR CAPITAL PROJECTS DTD 6/28/90

ProjectShortDescription:
Negative placeholder - budget adjustment

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Negative placeholder - budget adjustment

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - REALLOCATION FOR CAPITAL PROJECTS

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Reallocation for Capital Projects Dated  6/28/90


Milestones:
The purpose of this project was to conduct advance design for mitigating pileated woodpecker Habitat Units (HU's) lost at Dworshak Reservoir. Specific objectives of this advance design project included: 1.  Identifying wildlife benefits.  2.  Developing a coordinated timber management agreement.  3.  Develop a wildlife habitat management plan.  4.  Refining and finalizing mitigation project cost estimates.  5.  Preparing project reports.  The implementation phase of the project protected over mature and dense coniferous forest (old growth) in the Buck Creek drainage, a tributary of the Little North Fork Clearwater River.  Approximately 67 acres of a climax type red cedar forest and 761 acres of additional old growth were inundated by Dworshak Reservoir.  The Idaho Department of Fish and Game  had acquired fee-title to the mitigation land, but did not own the timber rights.  Purchase of the timber rights through this project ensured the permanent protection of this  67 acre stand of old growth in Idaho, provided pileated woodpecker benefits, achieved a portion of the old growth (pileated woodpecker) goal established by the Dworshak interagency work group, and protected other wildlife species.  The cost of the purchase was $542,767.

Results:
In addition to providing wildlife benefits, this stand of old growth will also provide important recreational (esthetic) outdoor experiences, and protect water quality in the area, allow for habitat diversification, and benefit the westslope cutthroat trout.

ProjectShortDescription:
Protect a 67 acre stand of old growth for the pileated woodpecker in the Buck Creek drainage as mitigation for losses at Dworshak.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Protect a 67 acre stand of old growth for the pileated woodpecker in the Buck Creek drainage as mitigation for losses at Dworshak.

ProjectBackground:
Old growth is disappearing rapidly throughout the Northwest.  Optimum populations of many species are tied closely to old growth habitat, including the pileated woodpecker, a species proposed as a mitigation goal under the planning conducted for Dworshak Reservoir.  Implementation of this proposal will permanently protect a stand of old growth which would be harvested and lost in the near future without the implementation of this project.

LongTitle:
Purchase Dworshak Old Growth for Pileated Woodpecker Habitat


Milestones:
The agreement began in 1993. The management plan and NEPA documentation were completed.  An agreement was negotiated to turn title of the land over to the CTUIR for their long-term management.  Funding to accomplish this long-term management has not yet been agreed to.  During the past years, inventory of plant and animal populations has been on-going.  Pump and irrigation maintenance has occurred and public access to the area has been regulated, including hunting during the waterfowl and upland game bird seasons.  Fences have been constructed and maintained to control livestock trespass and clean-up of non-hazardous materials has occurred.  Solid and hazardous waste have been identified and steps taken to begin their removal and disposal.  Planning for water delivery system restoration and up-grade has been initiated..

Publications:
Conforth Ranch Wildlife Mitigation Feasibility Study DOE/BP 12496-1

Results:
This project supports tens of thousands of migrating and resident waterfowl and shore birds annually.  State and Federal sensitive, threatened and endangered species and species of special concern use this project.  The wetland complexes found on the project are extremely rare in Umatilla county and their on-site location provides benefits to the populations impacted by the Columbia Basin hydropower projects

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop and implement a long-term management plan for the Wanaket Wildlife Area(Conforth Ranch) and conduct custodial management and enhancement activities consistent with the plan.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop and implement a long-term management plan for the Wanaket Wildlife Area(Conforth Ranch) and conduct custodial management and enhancement activities consistent with the plan.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of this project was to complete preliminary studies and analyses to determine the feasibility of acquiring the Conforth Ranch near Umatilla, Oregon, as partial mitigation for the wildlife impacts caused by construction of McNary Hydroelectric project,. This project supports tens of thousands of migrating and resident waterfowl and shore birds annually. State and Federal sensitive, threatened and endangered species and species of special concern use the project. The wetland complexes found on the project are extremely rare in Umatilla County and their on-site location provides benefits to the populations impacted by the Columbia Basin hydropower projects.


ProjectTitle:
CONFORTH RANCH LAND PURCHASE - OM&C  C/O

Milestones:
The 2,765 acre Conforth Ranch was acquired for $1,042,972..

ProjectShortDescription:
Purchase Conforth Ranch for wildlife purposes. The tract included 2765 acres.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funds for purchase of Conforth Ranch as a wildlife mitigation project.  The tract included 2765 acres.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of this project was to purchase Conforth Ranch near Umatilla, Oregon, as partial mitigation for the wildlife impacts caused by construction of McNary Hydroelectric project,.


ProjectTitle:
GENETIC ANALYSES OF ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA       (ESA)

Milestones:
Activities have included rearing Redfish Lake kokanee to examine inter-year temperature unit variability for egg incubation and behaviorally for downstream migration volitionally out of circular tanks.  Primarily work has focused on defining a technique and regions of DNA base sequences useful for separating the life history forms of O. nerka in Redfish Lake.  Costs have included renovation of experimental wet laboratory facilities, equipment for genetic laboratory, salaries and supplies.FY 93:  Isolation of a single locus probe which could distinguish the "a" allele seen primarily in Redfish Lake kokanee.  Behaviorally, Fishhook Creek kokanee do not appear to migrate downstream in significant numbers under experimental conditions.  Characterization of outmigrant individuals from Redfish Lake based on the single locus probe.  Evolutionary relationship structure based on mitochondrial DNA.  The mtDNA information appears to resemble the information collected from the nuclear single locus probe suggesting that the mtDNA information accurately reflects gene flow among the subgroups.1.  Three forms of O. nerka exist in Redfish Lake:  anadromous sockeye, "resident beach spawning," and resident kokanee.  Anadromous sockeye and "residual" sockeye spawn on the historical beach spawning site in October and November, respectively, while the resident kokanee spawn in Fishhook Creek during August and September. 2.  Life history characteristics of the three forms were assessed with some differences in development rate of eggs and number of gill rakers counts.  his concludes this portion of the study.3.  DNA analysis included assessment of other O. nerka stocks in the Salmon/Snake River system, the Upper Columbia River and outside the Columbia River system.  Development of DNA markers or probes is still underway that might readily segregate the three forms.  Preliminary results indicate three forms closely related, but may be sufficiently different to be considered three separate stocks.FY 1994:1.  Development of the single locus probe made it possible to isolate three alleles (A, B, and C) in Redfish Lake.  The A allele is absent in sockeye and beach spawners, but present in kokanee.  Possible conclusion is that kokanee population is not contributing many outmigrants.2. Mt DNA data have defined all outmigrants examined fall into two of the 11 possible haplotypes.  Continue to determine whether or not kokanee introductions into Stanley Basin Lakes were successful.3.  Screened outmigrants from Redfish Lake.  Data was used to evaluate crosses made with gametes obtained from the captive broodstock program.  This allowed genotypes AC, AB, and AA fish from being part of the broodstock.  These fish are excluded because they have the A allele which indicates kokanee origin.

Publications:
Genetic Analysis of Oncorhynchus Nerka DOE/BP  12885-1; 
Genetic Analysis of Oncorhynchus Nerka:  Life History and Genetic Analysis of Redfish Lake Oncorhynchus Nerka DOE/BP  12885-2

Results:
All specimens have been collected, revealing that kokanee in Redfish Lake and Alturas Lake are similar to each other, but unique when compared to other stocks.  Alloyzyme analyses are complete.  DNA analyses to date do not appear promising for discriminating between kokanee and sockeye

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide biological and genetic information on O. nerka samples collected throughout the Snake and Columbia River Basins to be used in the overall recovery effort of the Snake River Sockeye Salmon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide biological and genetic information on sockeye samples collected throughout the Snake and Columbia River Basins to be used in the overall recovery effort of the Snake River Sockeye Salmon.

ProjectBackground:
Because of the endangered status of the Redfish Lake sockeye, Oncorhynchus nerka, and the presence of non-migratory populations in the lake, genetic analysis of their differences was essential. Similarly the differences in life cycles were important.  This project of DNA analysis also included assessment of other O. nerka stocks in the Salmon/Snake River system, the Upper Columbia River and outside the Columbia River system.

ShortTitle:
GENETIC ANALYSES OF COLUMBIA & SNAKE SOCKEYE

LongTitle:
Genetic Analysis of Sockeye (Oncorhynchus Nerka) in the Snake and Columbia Basins


ProjectShortDescription:
Project identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Project identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.


ProjectTitle:
REALLOC FOR GALBRAITH SP/SHRM CR DTD 8/23/90

ShortTitle:
REALLOCATION- SPOKANE TRIBAL & SHERMAN CR HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Reallocation for the Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) and Sherman Creek Hatcheries


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for resident fish projects in Oregon

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for resident fish projects in Oregon


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for implementation of subbasin plans.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for implementation of subbasin plans.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL PLACEHOLDER -IMPLEMENT SUBBASIN PLANS

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Placehold - Implement Subbasin Plans


ProjectTitle:
2.2% CUT IN EXPENSE ALLOCATION FOR FY 91 - OCT 88

ShortTitle:
BPA - 2.2% CUT EXPENSE ALLOCATION FOR FY 91-OCT 88

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - 2.2% Cut in Expense Allocation for FY 91 - Oct 88


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhead project for personel and travel of the Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project for personel and travel of the Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - OVERHEAD (PERSONNEL/TRAVEL) - FY 91

LongTitle:
BPA  Internal - Overhead (Personnel / Travel) - FY 91


Milestones:
James M.  Montgomery performed water availability, site feasibility, and conceptual design services for these facilities.  The conceptual design was completed in 1992, the supplemental the Umatilla Hatchery Environmental Assessment (EA), leading to a FONSI in 1993, the Final Design developed concurrent with the EA, construction was underway by 1994. 
Four juvenile acclimation/release facilities were completed from 1983 to 1995.  An adult coho, CHF holding/spawning facility was completed in 1996 and a CHS holding/spawning facility will be completed in 1997. One or two additional juvenile release facilities are necessary to acclimate all current Umatilla River hatchery fish releases.  All satellite facilities are operated by CTUIR.

Publications:
Umatilla Satellite & Release Sites Project: Final Siting Report DOE/BP 12031-1
Umatilla Satellite & Release Sites Project: Final Conceptual Design Report DOE/BP 12031-2

Results:
Various facilities needed to complete the hatchery program.  Adults returning to Umatilla annually will be about 40,000 salmon and steelhead.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct Umatilla Hatchery satellite facilities for acclimation/release of salmon and steelhead smolts in the Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct Umatilla Hatchery satellite facilities for acclimation/release of salmon & steelhead smolts in the Umatilla Basin. Sites include: Barnhart, Corporation, Imeques c-men-in-ken, Minthorn, Misson, Thorn Hollow, Bonifer Springs, & S Fk Walla Walla.

ProjectBackground:
Adult holding, spawning, smolt recovery facilities, and direct release sites, are needed in the Umatilla Basin to complete the hatchery program.  Benefits are that full natural and hatchery performance goals will be able to be met.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA SATELLITES - PLANNING & CONSTRUCTION

LongTitle:
Umatilla Satellites - Planning, Siting, Design, Construction


ProjectTitle:
EVAL STREAM HABITAT IMPR - IMPLEMENTATION STDS

Milestones:
Objectives included: 1.  Evaluate existing methods for determining limiting factors to fish production and for monitoring and evaluating fish and wildlife benefits resulting from stream habitat restoration or protection projects.  2.  Identify baseline fish population and riparian habitat data necessary to allow for determination of changes in these parameters over time as a result of enhancement work or habitat protection measures.  Fish population data will include appropriate information on all life history stages such as smolt production and adult return numbers.  Habitat data may include instream physical parameters such as flow, number and quality of pools, available cover and water temperature.  Status of riparian vegetation, streambank stability, and associated land use practices will be important components for characterization.  3.  Determine current "state-of-the-art" habitat protection and enhancement strategies, with a focus on alternatives that are designed to address the problem(s) contributing to habitat degradation.  4.  Report critical research needed to improve/evaluate future habitat measures.  5.  Determine relative cost effectiveness of stream protection versus stream enhancement measures.  Cost effectiveness is defined as the least cost biological alternative that accomplishes or meets the specific biological objective.  6.  Compile all information gathered and developed into a final summary report that can serve as a guide for fisheries and watershed experts in future watershed planning efforts. The task was accomplished by: 1.  Assessing "state-of-the-art" stream habitat improvement strategies.  2.  Reviewing selected stream habitat improvement projects to validate fish production estimates.  3.  Comparing the cost-effectiveness of alternative stream restoration and enhancement projects.

Results:
Standards and guidelines for habitat projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop standards and guidelines for selection of new habitat enhancement measures for BPA implementation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop standards and guidelines for selection of new habitat enhancement measures for BPA implementation.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of this task was to develop standards and guidelines for the selection of new habitat enhancement measures for the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) implementation beginning FY 1992.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE & IMPLEMENT STREAM HABITAT IMPROVEMENTS

LongTitle:
Evaluate Stream Habitat Improvements - Develop Implementation Standards


ProjectShortDescription:
Placeholder for wildlife mitigation projects.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placeholder for wildlife mitigation projects.


ProjectTitle:
FAC AFFECT JUV WLD SPR CHINOOK ABOVE LWR GRN

Milestones:
Objectives: The focus was on identifying and quantifying the major sources of natural and man-caused mortality affecting migratory juvenile Chinook salmon above Lower Granite Dam. Project was implemented in two phases.  Phase I was a literature review, identify data needs, and assemble a technical steering committee to define project scope and develop a long-term study plan.  Phase II implemented specific studies that address objectives of the long-term study plan 1992--Contracted a Research Planner to work with technical steering committee and fully coordinate with other regional activities to develop a long-term study plan.

Publications:
A scoping document identifying issues pertaining to smolt mortality upstream from Lower Granite Dam was produced as part of another research contract (Project 91-051 - UW/Don Chapman Consultants).Research Plan to Determine Timing, Location, Magnitude, and Cause of Mortality for Wild & Hatchery Spring/Summer Chinook Salmon Smolts Above Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 61176-1

Results:
Data that can be used to improve survival of hatchery produced and wild spring/summer Chinook salmon in the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam.  identification of factors that either limit or control the survival and migratory behavior of spring/summer Chinook salmon smolts above Lower Granite Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identify the major sources of natural and man caused mortality affecting migratory juvenile chinook salmon above Lower Granite Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify the major sources of natural and man caused mortality affecting migratory juvenile chinook salmon above Lower Granite Dam.

ProjectBackground:
The thrust of this project was to implement a coordinated/ comprehensive research program which would identify the conditions that are causing the low rates of recovery of spring/summer juvenile Chinook at Lower Granite Dam so that corrective measures can be taken to improve the survival of Snake River juvenile salmonids migrating from above and through Lower Granite Reservoir.

ShortTitle:
SNAKE JUVENILE WILD SPRING CHINOOK MORTALITY STUDY

LongTitle:
Factors Affecting Migration and Survival of Juvenile Spring and Summer Chinook Salmon above Lower Granite Dam


Milestones:
Initiated in 1992 after the Draft Hungry Horse Resident fish mitigation plan was adopted by the NPPC.  The Implementation Plan was approved in 1993.  Mitigates for effects of construction of Hungry Horse Reservoir.  This was is an interim program funded annually until negotiation of the Montana Fish Trust was completed.  Bull Trout incubation and rearing research underway for two years.  Kokanee eggs procured:  '92, '93', 94'.  Captive kokanee brood produced 3 million eggs in 1994.  Kokanee planted in Flathead Lake, '93=200K, '94-800K..  The '95 Kok plant amounted to 502K  Five year test started.  Mid-way through test.  Over 1000 samples for GSI have been collected and analyzed of the Flathead BT genetic profile.

Publications:
Hungry Horse Dam Fisheries Mitigation:  Kokanee Stocking and Monitoring in Flathead Lake DOE/BP 65903-7; Kootenai River White Sturgeon Investigations DOE/BP 96497-1

Results:
Lake trout were consuming a large number of planted Kokanee.  See M/E rpt.('93-94BY 93 and 408 BY 94.  Early (very) results of the cooperative monitoring w/ CSKT indicates that the LKT predation much reduced.  Project Ldr. completed a paper titled, " Exper. BT Hatchery Progress Rpt '93-94).  Furuc has surfaced in the captive brood.

ProjectShortDescription:
Coordinates the production program for Kokanee and native trouHatchery production to mitigate losses at Hungry Horse Dam.  Focus on kokanee salmon, bull trout, and cutthroat trout.  Addresses losses identified in the HHR Loss Assessments approved by NPPC.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Coordinates the production program for Kokanee and native trout hatchery production to mitigate losses at Hungry Horse Dam.  Focus on kokanee salmon, bull trout, and cutthroat trout.

ProjectBackground:
A fish culture program to mitigate for losses caused by construction and operation of Hungry Horse Dam was needed. Efforts were to be concentrated on kokanee salmon, bull trout and cutthroat trout.  Improvements to the Creston NFH were to be identified and funded.


