# BPAprojects1978-1998

ProjectTitle:
IMPRINTING OF SALMON AND STEELHEAD FOR HOMING

ProgramCategoryDefinition:
All projects in the Anadromous Fish Program

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Primarily studies of either whole life cycles or several phaseses thereof

StatusDefinition:
Projects funded by contract but not during current year

Milestones:
Beginning in 1978 BPA provided funds to the National Marine Fisheries Service for this study.  From 1978 through 1980, juvenile salmon and steelhead were transported by barge and trucks around dams in 26 different experiments using different imprinting methods, that is, different methods of providing biological clues to assist the fish in returning to desired locations.  Fish returning as adults from these experiments were monitored from 1980 through 1983 at hatcheries and on natural spawning grounds to determine the success (or failure) of the homing mechanisms tested.

Publications:
Imprinting of Hatchery-Reared Salmon & Steelhead Trout for Homing of Transported Fish DOE/BP 343. 
Imprinting Hatchery Reared Salmon & Steelhead Trout for Homing, 1978-1983, Volume I:  Narrative DOE/BP 39646-1.
Imprinting Hatchery Reared Salmon & Steelhead Trout for Homing, 1978-1983, Volume II:  Data Summaries. DOE/BP 39646-2. 
Imprinting Hatchery Reared Salmon & Steelhead Trout for Homing, 1978-1983, Volume III:  Disease & Physiology Supplements DOE/BP 39646-3.

Results:
The study, completed in 1985, provided necessary information on methods and techniques that will assure that  transported fish will return as adults to desired locations.

ProjectShortDescription:
Developing methods to imprint salmon so they would return to a desired homing location. This effort was concentrated at 7 hatcheries and one dam (McNary) in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Developing methods to imprint salmon so they would return to a desired homing location. This effort was concentrated at 7 hatcheries and one dam (McNary) in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
It was necessary to develop methods to "imprint" fish so they would return to a desired homing location such as the hatchery of origin, or any unique water source.

ShortTitle:
IMPRINTING OF SALMON AND STEELHEAD FOR HOMING

LongTitle:
Imprinting Hatchery Reared Salmon And Steelhead Trout For Homing


Milestones:
The first phase was to develop statistical and data processing methods to estimate individual stock contributions in mixed populations.  The second phase was to evaluate the practical application of the methods developed in Phase I and previous research.  The method developed here was based on detecting differences of genotypic frequencies between stocks by analyses of electrophoretic characteristics.  Genotype frequency estimates were made:  (1) for all major stocks expected to contribute to a fishery (referred to as baseline data); and  (2) for samples taken from the fishery of interest.  A large number of dams and hatcheries (ca. 40) were used in this study.

Results:
The two sets of genotype frequencies were  be used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of proportional contributions to the mixed stock fishery

ProjectShortDescription:
This study focused on the use of genetic differences among contributing populations to identify compositions of stock mixtures.  A large number of hatcheries and several dams in the Columbia River Basin contributed to the effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Focused on the use of genetic differences among contributing populations to identify compositions of stock mixtures.  A large number of hatcheries and several dams in the Columbia River Basin contributed to the effort.

ProjectBackground:
There was a serious need to identify compositions of the stock mixtures. One mechanism would be to use genetic differences among contributing populations.


ProjectTitle:
COL R HATCHERY CONTRIBS TO PACIFIC CHINOOK FISHERY

ProjectTypeDefinition:
Monitoring, baseline, assessment, and O&M

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Impacts and outcomes of various conditions and facilities

Milestones:
The objectives of the study were: (1) determine the contribution of hatchery fall chinook from certain of Columbia River hatcheries to individual Pacific salmon fisheries by age class;  and (2) determine the distribution, contribution and value of each project hatchery's production to the fishery.  Coded wire tags were placed in the chinook which raised at many Columbia Basin hatcheries.  Three successive brood years of fall chinook were tagged.  Tags were recovered throughout the life of fish for a total study length of 8 years. Near the end of the data collection the rate of contribution was compared to variables such as the fish disease, smolt indices, length at release, diet, time of release, etc.

Publications:
Evaluation of the Contribution of Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries DOE/BP 392. 
Evaluation of the Contribution of Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries DOE/BP 39638-1. 
Evaluation of the Contribution of Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries DOE/BP 39638-2.  
Evaluation of the Contribution of Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries DOE/BP 39638-3. 
Evaluation of the Contribution of Fall Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries DOE/BP 39638-4. 
Evaluation of the Contribution of Fall Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries, Appendix DOE/BP 39638-5

Results:
This project  provided BPA with data on the success of these hatcheries in meeting their mitigation requirements.  There was clarification of the importance of smolts reaching the ocean by the first of June to maintain survival averages.  Determination was made of certain needed adjustments or species change in program operation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Placement of coded wire tags in Northwest hatchery chinook for survival and migrational data gathered over the next several years.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Placement of coded wire tags in fall chinook at selected Northwest hatcheries. Three successive brood years were tagged.  Survival and migrational data gathered over 8 years.

ProjectBackground:
This study was initiated, in part, to determine the effectiveness of hatcheries constructed as mitigation for hydroelectric development on the Columbia River.

ShortTitle:
COLUMBIA HATCHERY CONTRIBUTIONS TO CHINOOK FISHERY

LongTitle:
Evaluation of the Contribution of Chinook Salmon Reared at Columbia River Hatcheries to the Pacific Salmon Fisheries


ProjectTitle:
POWER PEAKING EFFECTS ON FALL CHINOOK EGG INCUBA

StatusDefinition:
No Contracts issues: funded through other BPA sections, i.e. lands, etc.

ProjectShortDescription:
Project delimiting power peaking effects on fall chinook egg incubation was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Project delimiting power peaking effects on fall chinook egg incubation was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ShortTitle:
POWER PEAKING EFFECTS- FALL CHINOOK EGG INCUBATION

LongTitle:
Power Peaking Effects on Fall Chinook Egg Incubation


ProjectTitle:
JOHN DAY RIVER WILD SPRING CHINOOK STUDY

Milestones:
These studies determined the timing of migration within, and out of, the John Day River.  A large number (ca. 50) of tributaries were also evaluated.  Harvest of John Day stocks was controlled on the basis of data from coded-wire tags implanted in smolts in previous years.  Life history data collection and analysis were included.  This project was completed in FY 1985.

Publications:
Wild Spring Chinook Salmon in the John Day River System DOE/BP 39796-1. 
(See also Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement, Volume I:  Oregon DOE/BP 588 associated with projects 8110800 and 8334100)

Results:
Project data were used to define of the number of John Day spring chinook that must escape capture to produce the largest harvestable surplus of adults and to recommend harvest regulations to achieve the most favorable escapement levels.  Data were also used to determine what upstream and downstream fish passage operations at Columbia River dams needed to be adjusted to increase survival of John Day migrants. There were recommended habitat improvements that should increase the production  of smolts within the basin.  The recommendation of augmenting John Day spring chinook with hatchery stock to maintain Columbia Basin runs was later rejected as a threat to the wild stocks

ProjectShortDescription:
ODFW study of wild spring chinook in the John Day basin. Production and general condition of the population and its habitat in a large number of tributaries were evaluated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
ODFW study of wild spring chinook in the John Day basin. Production and general condition of the population and its habitat in a large number of tributaries were evaluated.

ProjectBackground:
The John Day River system maintains one of the last completely wild spring chinook runs in the Columbia Basin.  The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife was contracted to perform several studies relative to management of this fishery.

ShortTitle:
JOHN DAY RIVER WILD SPRING CHINOOK STUDY

LongTitle:
Study of Wild Spring Chinook Salmon in the John Day River System


ProjectTitle:
EVAL PROT FACILS AT WATER WITHDRAWALS / COL BASIN

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Tributary passage, ladders, screens, etc. for adults and smolts

Milestones:
This project identified and then surveyed all water withdrawals (domestic and irrigation) in the Columbia River Basin.  The survey focused on fish protective facilities (e.g., fish screens) at the withdrawals and measured approach velocities and condition of existing screens.  An attempt was made to quantify  the impact of such withdrawals on juvenile salmon and steelhead trout.

Results:
Recommendations for modifications to withdrawals to bring them up to fish protective design standards.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identification and survey of all domestic and irrigation water withdrawals in the Columbia Basin and the fish protective facilities such as screens, ladders, etc.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identification and survey of all domestic and irrigation water withdrawals in the Columbia Basin and the fish protective facilities such as screens & ladders. Fish impacts were quantified.

ProjectBackground:
Water withdrawals for domestic and irrigation purposes, both screened and unscreened, can have a considerable effect on fish populations.  A study of the scope of the problem was needed.

ShortTitle:
SURVEY FISH SCREENS & LADDERS AT WATER WITHDRAWALS

LongTitle:
Survey and Evaluation of Fish Protective Facilities at Water Withdrawals in the Columbia Basin


ProjectFocusDefinition:
Basline surveys and research, feasility studies

StatusDefinition:
Projects never funded, money never obligated

Milestones:
Phase I consisted of a fish species inventory of 32 backwater sections of Columbia River reservoirs.  Each area was mapped and sampled for fish species composition, water temperature, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen.  Phase II was a detailed investigation of six of the 32 backwaters investigated in Phase I. Columbia River backwaters provide habitat for several species of fish. Phase I studies indicated that more than 30 different species of fish utilize Columbia River backwaters in the reach investigated.  Juvenile anadromous salmonids used these backwaters during their downstream migration.  Gamefish species such as largemouth and smallmouth bass, black and white crappie, bluegill, yellow perch and white sturgeon also utilize these areas.  White sturgeon were primarily found in backwaters between Bonneville Dam and the Dalles Dam.  The six backwaters for Phase II were chosen based upon the numbers of juvenile  anadromous salmonids captured during Phase I sampling efforts, and the type of  opening to the Columbia River (culvert vs. channel).  Four backwaters were located in the Bonneville pool area, one in the Dalles pool area, and one in the John Day pool area.  These backwaters were considered representative of the original 32 backwaters studied.

Results:
Determined use and growth patterns of juvenile anadromous salmonids in representative backwaters, and to some degree, the interactions between juvenile salmonids and other species of fish.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of Columbia backwaters between Bonneville and McNary Dams for fish species composition. This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of Columbia backwaters between Bonneville and McNary Dams for fish species composition. This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectBackground:
This was to be a two-phase study of Columbia River backwaters between Bonneville and McNary Dams determining fish species present and environmental factors.


Milestones:
Data from fish tagging was collected at approximately 30 dams and hatcheries to determine timing and rate of migration.  Under this approach the fish and wildlife agencies and the tribes were better able to "shape" flows during the critical migration period, April 15 to June 15, using  a block of water especially reserved for this purpose.

Publications:
Survival of Wells Hatchery Steelhead in the Mid-Columbia River; Part I:  Smolt Monitoring Program DOE/BP 11797-1.  
Migrational Characteristics of Columbia Basin Salmon & Steelhead Trout; Part II:  Smolt Monitoring Program DOE/BP 11797-2.  
Adult Fishway Inspections on the Columbia & Snake Rivers DOE/BP 11797-3
Estimation of Survival, Part I:  Smolt Monitoring Program DOE/BP 11797-4.  
Migrational Characteristics of Columbia Basin Salmon & Steelhead Trout; Part II:  Smolt Monitoring Program (Volume I) DOE/BP 11797-5.  
Migrational Characteristics of Columbia Basin Salmon & Steelhead Trout; Part II:  Smolt Monitoring Program (Volume II) DOE/BP 11797-6

Results:
Sufficient data to shape Columbia Basin flows during the critical migration period.

ProjectShortDescription:
Flow enhancement studies at Columbia River and Lower Snake River dams relating to impacts on smolt migration.  A large number of hatcheries in the basin contributed to the effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Flow enhancement [Water Budget] studies at Columbia River and Lower Snake River dams relating to impacts on smolt migration.  A large number of hatcheries in the basin contributed to the effort.

ProjectBackground:
In an effort to reduce juvenile salmon and steelhead passage mortality associated with reduced spring flows, the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program promulgated the "Water Budget" concept for flow enhancement.  In order to most effectively use water reserved to aid fish migration, the Water budget Managers must have information on fish movements throughout the Columbia River Basin.  The Smolt Monitoring Program supplies these data.


ProjectTitle:
RADIO TRACKING OF CHINOOK / STLHD - LITTLE GOOSE

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Tracking & study of adult salmonid mainstem passage issues

Milestones:
The objective was to determine if zero flow periods could be extended without harming fish passage. The behavior of adult salmon and steelhead at Little Goose and Ice Harbor Dams in relation to passage and delay, rates of passage over dams, and migration rates between dams were studied.

Publications:
Radio-Tracking Studies of Adult Chinook Salmon & Steelhead to Determine the Effect of "Zero" River Flow During Water Storage at Little Goose Dam on the Lower Snake River DOE/BP 27780-1

Results:
Study results were inconclusive.  Therefore, extension of the period of  near zero flow was not recommended.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of adult fish migration at two Lower Snake River dams and reservoirs (Ice Harbor and Little Goose] at zero flow levels.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Radio-tracking study of adult fish migration at two Lower Snake River dams and reservoirs [Ice Harbor and Little Goose] at zero flow levels.

ProjectBackground:
The main purpose of this radio-tracking study was to investigate the effects of "zero flow" conditions on adult steelhead and salmon migrating past dams.  The impetus for this study was a request by the River Operating Agencies to extend the periods of near zero flow at the dams on the lower Snake River to increase power generating flexibility.

ShortTitle:
SNAKE RIVER RADIO TRACKING OF CHINOOK & STEELHEAD

LongTitle:
Radio Tracking Studies of Adult Chinook Salmon and Steelhead to Determine the Effects of "Zero" Riverflow During Water Storage at Little Goose Dam


ProjectTitle:
JOHN DAY RES REQUIREMENTS FOR CHINOOK SALMON

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Tracking & study of salmonid smolt mainstem passage issues

Milestones:
Instream flow and spill at John Day Dam were related to the passage time of summer and fall 0-age chinook salmon in the John Day Reservoir.

Publications:
Flow & Spill Requirements for Juvenile Fall & Summer Chinook Salmon in the John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 344.  
Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior & Survival of Juvenile Fall & Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 39645-1.  
Effects of Flow & Spill on the Migratory Behavior & Survival of Juvenile Fall & Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 39645-2.  
Migratory Behavior & Adult Contribution of Summer Outmigrating Subyearling Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir:  1981-1983 DOE/BP 39645-3

Results:
Determination of how reservoir passage time affects survival of salmonid smolts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of instream flow and spill at John Day Dam as it relates to passage time of summer and fall 0-age chinook in the John day Reservoir. Determine how reservoir passage time affects survival.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of instream flow and spill at John Day Dam as it relates to passage time of summer and fall 0-age chinook in the John Day Reservoir. Determine how reservoir passage time affects survival.

ProjectBackground:
Minimum instream summer flow recommendations and requests for summer fish flow have been made based on the assumption that the benefits of increased flows demonstrated for yearling spring chinook salmon and steelhead smolts apply equally to 0-age (less than 1 year old) chinook salmon migrating during the summer.  However, past research shows that even during high-flow years large numbers of juvenile summer and fall chinook salmon remain for extended periods in John Day reservoir.

ShortTitle:
JOHN DAY RESERVOIR REQUIREMENTS FOR CHINOOK SALMON

LongTitle:
Effects of Flow on the Migratory Behavior and Survival of Juvenile Fall and Summer Chinook Salmon in John Day Reservoir


ProjectTitle:
ASSEMBLE ANALYSE ANDADROMOUS FISHERY DATA  82-15

Milestones:
The projects' areas of emphasis were as follows: (1) Collate and analyze data on anadromous fish migrations in the Columbia River Basin and formulate flow recommendation to protect migrating fish; and (2) Collate and analyze data to formulate recommendations on natural and artificial production requirements including habitat and passage improvements, and construction of hatchery facilities.

Results:
Assistence in the formulation of recommendations to the Northwest Power Planning Council for its development of a Fish and Wildlife Program as required by PL 96-501.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assemblying and analyzing data on anadromous fish migrations in the Columbia River Basin and determining recommendations for flow and hatchery operations based on these findings.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assemble and analyze data on anadromous fish migrations in the Columbia River Basin and determine recommendations for flow and hatchery operations based on these findings.

ProjectBackground:
This effort was led by the National Marine Fisheries Service (Portland) with participation of the Federal and state Fish and Wildlife Management Agencies.  The projects goal was the collection and analyses of biological and hydraulic information in the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
ASSEMBLE & ANALYSE ANADROMOUS FISHERY DATA

LongTitle:
Coordinated Assemblage and Analysis of Anadromous Fishery Information and Data for Implementation


ProjectTitle:
COLUMBIA R ESTUARY MIGRATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

Milestones:
This project provided data for other BPA sponsored activities by collecting tagged fish as they arrived at saltwater.  This information was used by researchers to evaluate the survival and health of fish as they reached the end of their downstream migration.  A compendium report detailing activities and findings was prepared.  1984 was the last year of the project.

Publications:
Migrational Characteristics, Biological Observations, & Relative Survival of Juvenile Salmonids Entering the Columbia River Estuary DOE/BP 39652-1

Results:
Migration data on smolts as they arrived at saltwater.

ProjectShortDescription:
Collect tagged fish as they arrived in the Columbia River Estuary thus providing information on health and survival at the end of the migration.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Collect tagged fish as they arrived in the Columbia River Estuary thus providing information on health and survival at the end of the migration.

ProjectBackground:
A variety of BPA projects required data on fish as they reached saltwater.  This project provided that information.

LongTitle:
Migrational Characteristics, Biological Observations, and Relative Survival of Juvenile Salmonids Entering the Columbia River Estuary


Milestones:
Washington Department of Fisheries started and worked on this project between July 9, 1981, and April 30, 1982.  Later, this project was given a new identification number (8201300), and transferred to Pacific States Fish Commission.  All supplies were transferred with the project.

Results:
Ability to track successes in salmonid survival

ProjectShortDescription:
WDF's project recovering coded wire from anadromous fish. Many Washington State and Federal hatcheries participated.  Others in Oregon and Idaho were included in the effort.  Project became 8201300 in 1982.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
WDF recovered coded wire from anadromous fish. Many Washington State and Federal hatcheries participated.  Others in Oregon and Idaho were included in the effort.  Project became 8201300 in 1982.

ProjectBackground:
The coded wire tag  (CWT) project was initiated to track progress in increasing run sizes for anadromous Columbia River salmonid populations.

LongTitle:
Columbia River and Tributary Coded-Wire Tag Recovery


ProjectTitle:
KERR / HUNGRY HORSE EFFECTS ON FLATHEAD KOKANEE

ProgramCategoryDefinition:
All projects in the Resident Fish Program

Milestones:
Researchers monitored the timing and distribution of kokanee runs in the Flathead River to determine how controlled flows affect reproduction and survival of kokanee in the portions of the Flathead River above Flathead Lake, and how discharges from Kerr Dam affect kokanee spawning and incubation in the lake.  In addition a number of Flathead River tributaries and associated lakes were also evaluated relative to habitat and kokanee usage.  This project began in FY 1981 and was completed  December 31, 1989.

Publications:
Effects of the Operation of Kerr & Hungry Horse Dam on the Kokanee Fishery in the Flathead River System DOE/BP 200.  
Impacts of Water Level Fluctuations on Kokanee Reproduction in Flathead Lake 204.  Effects of the Operation of Kerr & Hungry Horse Dam on the Kokanee Fishery in the Flathead River System DOE/BP 383.  
Impacts of Water Level Fluctuations on Kokanee Reproduction in Flathead Lake 39641-1.  
Impacts of Water Level Fluctuations on Kokanee Reproduction in Flathead Lake 39641-2.  
Effects of the Operation of Kerr & Hungry Horse Dams on the Kokanee Fishery in the Flathead River System DOE/BP 39641-3.  
Effect of Operation of Kerr & Hungry Horse Dams on the Reproductive Success of Kokanee in the Flathead System. DOE/BP 39641-4.  
Effect of the Operation of Kerr & Hungry Horse Dams on the Reproductive Success of Kokanee in the Flathead System. DOE/BP 39641-5.  
Effect of the Operation of Kerr & Hungry Horse Dams on the Reproductive Success of Kokanee in the Flathead System:  Technical Addendum DOE/BP 39641-6

ProjectShortDescription:
Study to determine what flows from Hungry Horse and Kerr Dams are necessary to optimize spawning in the Flathead River Basin.  A number of tributaries were evaluated.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study to determine what flows from Hungry Horse and Kerr Dams are necessary to optimize kodanee spawning  & rearing in the Flathead River Basin.  A number of tributaries were evaluated.

ProjectBackground:
The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks needed to determine what  flows from Hungry Horse and Kerr Dams were necessary to optimize spawning, incubation, and rearing conditions for kokanee in the upper Flathead River and the lake, while minimizing adverse impacts on power production. This project is also given the erroneous number of 81S-05 on certain publications.

ShortTitle:
EFFECTS OF KERR & HUNGRY HORSE DAMS ON KOKANEE

LongTitle:
Effects of Operation of Kerr and Hungry Horse Dams on the Reproductive Success of Kokanee in the Flathead System


ProjectTitle:
DESIGN JUVENILE IMPRINTING / RELEASE FACILITY

ProjectFocusDefinition:
Plan, design, construct production facilities, i.e. hatcheries, acclimation ponds,etc.

Milestones:
The work provided information required for final design and construction in the following areas: (1) Site surveys for boundaries and topography; (2) Water Quality implications; (3) Preliminary design criteria; (4) Construction cost estimates for acclimation facilities at  Bonifer and Minthorn sites; (5) Numbers of fish to be acclimated at each site; (6) Short and long term sources of juvenile fish for acclimation; (7) Cooperative agreement between the Confederated tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; (8) Site access and use agreements; (9) Identification of construction finding sources; (10) Environmental impacts; (11) Inter-relationship of proposed projects and other anadromous fishery programs underway or proposed for the Umatilla Basin;  and (12) Project benefits; and (13) Estimates of annual operations and maintenance costs.

Results:
Detailed information required for the development of acclimation facilities at Bonifer and Minthorn.

ProjectShortDescription:
Preliminary design criteria for the Bonifer and Minthorn acclimation sites on the Umatilla Indian Reservation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop preliminary design criteria for the Bonifer and Minthorn acclimation sites on the Umatilla Indian Reservation.

ProjectBackground:
Two acclimation facilities were needed on the Umatilla Indian Reservation.  Preliminary design criteria and plans and construction cost estimates were required.

ShortTitle:
DESIGN BONIFER JUVENILE IMPRINTING / RELEASE SITE

LongTitle:
Preliminary Design and Construction Cost Estimates, Steelhead Acclimation, Release and Collection Facilities (Bonifer and Minthorn), Umatilla Indian Reservation


ProjectTitle:
BASELINE INFORMATION FOR WARM SPRINGS RESERVATION

ProjectShortDescription:
The project of gathering baseline habitaat and fishery information for the Warm Springs Indian Reservation was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
The project of gathering baseline habitat and fishery information for the Warm Springs Indian Reservation was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ShortTitle:
BASELINE INFORMATION FOR WARM SPRINGS RESERVATION

LongTitle:
Baseline Information on stream habitat and fisheries for Warm Springs Indian Reservation


ProjectTitle:
WARM SPRINGS HABITAT / PROD POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT

ProjectTypeDefinition:
Fish habitat/ passage projects & watershed efforts

Milestones:
Tribal biologists completed a habitat evaluation to determine potential spawning and rearing areas in reservation streams. Researchers determined the number of adult salmon and steelhead that must escape harvest to fully seed available habitat on the reservation.  They finmarked several brood years of spring chinook fingerlings for release at Warms Springs NFH.  Several habitat improvement projects involving instream structural changes, passage work and riparian fences were implemented for Beaver, Mill, Badger, and Shitike Creeks and the Warm Springs River.  Monitoring project included monitoring of juvenile anadromous salmonid densities and biomass in treatment and control reaches of streams that have received instream and/or riparian habitat improvements. In 1991 there was an extensive project evaluation.  An outside consultants reviewed the results.  A final report was generated base on these finding in 1992.  The contract expired in 1994 and a new one was prepared for M&E.

Publications:
Habitat Quality & Anadromous Fish Production Potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Annual Report.  
Habitat Quality & Anadromous Fish Production Potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, DOE/BP 13047-A. 
Habitat Quality & Anadromous Fish Production Potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation DOE/BP 13047-1.  
Habitat Quality and Anadromous Fish Production Potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation

Results:
Unfortunately the results of the evaluation study were inconclusive. There was significant habitat improvement  at specific problem sites on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine habitat quality and anadromous fish production potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. Stream passage, restoration and enhancement work performed on Beaver, Shitike and Mill Creek.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine habitat quality and anadromous fish  production potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. Stream passage, restoration and enhancement work performed on Beaver, Shitike and Mill Creek.

ProjectBackground:
Over the years there had been a notable decline in tribal fish resources. To help mitigate such losses the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs initiated this 10-year offsite study and enhancement project on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation in 1981.

ShortTitle:
WARM SPRINGS HABITAT / PRODUCTION  ASSESSMENT

LongTitle:
Gather Baseline Data and Evaluate Habitat Quality and Anadromous Fish Production Potential on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation


ProjectTitle:
INVENTORY OF NEZ PERCE RESERVATION STREAMS

Milestones:
Thorough inventories of the physical habitat and associated biological community in Nez Perce Indian Reservation streams (Lower Clearwater River tributaries) were prepared.  Limiting factors on fish production, such as heavy sedimentation, high summer water temperatures, low flows and barriers to migration were identified.  The relationship between physical stream habitat and juvenile steelhead trout abundance was assessed. Project was completed in 1986

Publications:
A Biological & Physical Inventory of Streams within the Nez Perce Reservation DOE/BP 33825-1A.   
Biological & Physical Inventory of Clear Creek, Orofino Creek & the Potlatch River, Tributaries of the Clearwater River, Idaho DOE/BP 10068-1A.   
Biological & Physical Inventory of the Streams within the Nez Perce Reservation DOE/BP 10068-1A

Results:
Useable inventory of the fishery environmental resources of the Nez Perce Indian Reservation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Inventory of streams on the Nez Perce Indian Reservation and ceded territory.  Focus on the  physical habitat and their associated biological biological communities with emphasis on limiting factors for salmon and steelhead production.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Inventory of Nez Perce Indian Reservation and ceded territory streams.  Focus on the  physical habitat and their associated biological biological communities with emphasis on limiting factors for salmon and steelhead production.

ProjectBackground:
As a first step in augmenting their salmon and steelhead fish resources the Nez Perce Indian Tribes of Idaho needed to inventory existing physical habitats available and aquatic communities and species present on the Nez Perce Indian Reservation.

ShortTitle:
INVENTORY OF NEZ PERCE RESERVATION STREAMS

LongTitle:
A Biological and Physical Inventory of the Streams Within the Nez Perce Reservation


Milestones:
During 1982 and 1983, over 500,000 marked juvenile steelhead were serially released as controls from the hatchery or barged as test fish to below Bonneville Dam.  Fish released in 1983 showed a stronger homing ability and more rapid upstream  migration than test fish released in 1982.  Most adults from both control and test releases in 1983 and control releases in 1982 migrated a considerable distance upstream and overwintered in the Snake and Clearwater Rivers--behavior similar to Clearwater River fish previously transported from Lower Granite Dam.  In contrast, many of the adults from test releases in 1982  failed to migrate upstream during the fall, overwintered in the Columbia River, and migrated upstream the following spring.  Survival of control fish released at Dworshak NFH in late April 1982, was substantially higher than survival of those released in mid-May 1983, and were over 10 times that for fish released in late May.  Return of adults from normal hatchery releases in 1982 was the highest ever observed at Dworshak NFH.  The lower recovery rate from 1983 releases more nearly represented the typical return to the hatchery.  Higher survival in 1982 may have resulted because an estimated 57 percent of the control fish were collected at the juvenile collector dams and received the survival enhancement of barging to below Bonneville Dam as part of the Corps of Engineers' transport operations.  In contrast, only 29 percent of the control fish were given that assist in 1983.  Survival of fish transported from the hatchery in 1983 was significantly enhanced as indicated by the approximate 4:1 transport to control ratio observed at Bonneville Dam and in the fall Zone 6 Tribal fishery near Bonneville Dam.  Less survival enhancement was noted in returns from fish transported from the hatchery in 1982.  This may have resulted because of the abnormally high rate of return of control fish resulting from the large numbers transported from Lower Granite Dam in 1982 as part of the Corps of Engineers' transport operations.  Actual transport benefit may have been comparable since the rates of recovery of test fish at all sampling sites were similar for both 1982 and 1983 releases..

Publications:
Use of a Fish Transportation Barge for Increasing Returns of Steelhead Trout Imprinting for Homing DOE/BP 345.  
Use of a Fish Transportation Barge for Increasing Returns of Steelhead Imprinted for Homing DOE/BP 39643-1.  
Use of a Fish Transportation Barge for Increasing Returns of Steelhead Imprinted for Homing DOE/BP 39643-2. 
Use of a Fish Transportation Barge for Increasing Returns of Steelhead Imprinted for Homing DOE/BP 39643-3

Results:
It was concluded that fish which were transported to below Bonneville Dam in late April or early May had the highest returns and that transportation in future years during that time has the potential for increasing returns of Dworshak NFH steelhead to Columbia River fishing locations and to the hatchery

ProjectShortDescription:
Determination if transporting juvenile steelhead by truck and barge from Dworshak to below Bonneville would result in increased returns of adults to various fishery / hatchery homing sites. Study involved a number of hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determination if transporting juvenile steelhead by truck and barge from Dworshak to below Bonneville would result in increased returns of adults to various fishery/ hatchery homing sites. Study involved a number of hatcheries.

ProjectBackground:
This project investigates the unexpected findings from an earlier experiment (78-1) in which steelhead transported from Dworshak NFH did not imprint and home (as adults) as expected.  The objective of this 7-year study, which began in 1982, was to determine if transporting juvenile steelhead (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) by truck and barge from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery (NFH), on the Clearwater River, to a release site on the Columbia River below Bonneville Dam would result in increased returns of adults to the various fisheries and to the hatchery homing site.

LongTitle:
Use of a Fish Transportation Barge for Increasing Returns of Steelhead Trout Imprinted for Homing


ProjectTitle:
PREDATION / DEVELOPMENT OF PREY PROTECTION

StatusDefinition:
Project funded by contract during the current year

Milestones:
Phase 1 of this study included documentation of dietary and consumption rates of four predators (northern squawfish, smallmouth bass, walleye, and channel catfish) Laboratory experiment indicates dead juvenile salmonids are preyed on 2:1 over live prey. Phase 2 of this project was research into the relative vulnerability of juvenile salmonids of varying conditions to predation by northern squawfish.  Phase 3 was designed to develop measures for protecting juvenile salmonids from northern squawfish predation. Such studies include: bypass design changes, altering dam operations to reduce predator/prey encounters, and conditioning hatchery-reared smolts to predators before release.  The project established the extent of predator caused mortality on healthy versus unhealthy salmonids, and determined prey protection measures to reduce predator-prey encounters and squawfish feeding efficiency.

Publications:
Proceedings of the Predator-Prey Modeling Workshop, May 16-19, 1989  DOE/BP 01830-5;   
Feeding Activity, Rate of Consumption, Daily Ration, & Prey Selection of Major Predators in John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 34796-1;   
Feeding Activity, Rate of Consumption, Daily Ration & Prey Selection of Major Predators in [the] John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 34796-2;   
Feeding Activity, Rate of Consumption, Daily Ration & Prey Selection of Major Predators in [the] John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 34796-3;   
Predation by Resident Fish on Juvenile Salmonids in John Day Reservoir, Volume I: Final Report of Research DOE/BP 34796-4;   
Predation by Resident Fish on Juvenile Salmonids in John Day Reservoir, Volume II: Supplemental Papers and Data Documentation DOE/BP 34796-5;   
Preliminary Estimates of Loss of Juvenile Anadromous Salmonids & Development of a Predation Model 5 DOE/BP 35097-4;   
Water Budget Center DOE/BP 354;   
Feeding Activity, Rate of Consumption, Daily Ration & Prey Selection of Major Predators in the John Day [Reservoir] Pool DOE/BP 382;  
 Feeding Activity, Rate of Consumption, Daily Ration & Prey Selection of Major Predators in the John Day [Reservoir] Pool DOE/BP 695;   
Magnitude & Dynamics of Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia & Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 91964-1;   
Significance of Selective Predation & Development of Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids in Columbia & Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 91964-2;   
Significance of Selective Predation and Development of Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 91964-3;   Significance of Selective Predation and Development of Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs DOE/BP 91964-4;   Movements and Distributions of Northern Squawfish Downstream of Lower Snake River Dams Relative to the Migration of Juvenile Salmonids DOE/BP  91964-5.   Beamesderfer, R. C., B. E. Rieman, L. J. Bledsoe, and S. Vigg.  1990.  Management implications of a model of predation by resident fish on juvenile salmonids migrating through a Columbia River reservoir.  North American Journal of Fisheries Management  10: 290-304.
Beyer, J. M., G. Lucchetti, and G. Gray.  1988.  Digestive tract evacuation in northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis).  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  45: 548-553.  
Bledsoe, L. J., S. Vigg, and J. H. Petersen.  1990.  Simulation estimates of salmonid predation loss to northern squawfish in a Columbia River reservoir.  Appendix D-1,  in A. A. Nigro  (ed.), Developing a predation index and evaluating ways to reduce salmonid losses to predation in the Columbia River Basin, Final Report.  Bonneville Power Administration,  Portland, Oregon.
Burley, C. C., and S. Vigg.  1989.  A method for direct measurement of the maximum volume of fish stomachs or digestive tracts.  Journal of Fish Biology 34: 707-714.
Cech, J. Jr., D. T. Castleberry, T. E. Hopkins, and J. H. Petersen.  1994.  Northern squawfish, Ptychochelius  oregonensis, O  consumption rate:  effect of temperature and body size.  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  51: 8-12.
Cech, J. J. Jr., D. T. Castleberry, and T. E. Hopkins.  1994. Temperature and CO  effects on blood O  equilibria in northern squawfish, Ptychochelius oregonensis.  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  51: 13-19.
Faler, M. P., L. M. Miller, and K. I. Welke.  1988.  Effects of   variation in flow on distribution of northern squawfish in the Columbia River below McNary Dam.  North American Journal of  Fisheries Management  8: 30-35.
Gadomski, D. M., and J. A. Hall-Griswold.  1992.  Predation by northern squawfish on live and dead juvenile chinook salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society  121: 680-685.
Gadomski, D. M., M. G. Mesa, and T. M. Olson.  1994.  Effects of  experimental descaling on the predator avoidance ability and physiological stress responses of juvenile chinook,  Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum).  Environmental Biology of  Fishes 39: 191-199.
Hansel, H. C., S. D. Duke, P. T. Lofy, and G. A. Gray.  1988.  Use of diagnostic bones to identify and estimate original lengths of ingested prey fishes.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society  117: 55-62.
Lucchetti, G. L., and G. A. Gray.  1988.  Water reuse systems: a review of principal components.  The Progressive Fish Culturist 50: 1-6. 
Lucchetti, G. L., and G. A. Gray.  1988.  A prototype water reuse  system.  The Progressive Fish Culturist 50: 46-49.
Mesa, M. G., S. D. Duke, and D. L. Ward.  1990.  Spatial and temporal variation in proportional stock density and relative  weight of smallmouth bass in a reservoir.  Journal of  Freshwater Ecology 5: 323-339. 
Mesa, M. G., D. M. Gadomski, and T. M. Olson.  1992.  The  vulnerability of juvenile chinook salmon to predation by northern squawfish.  Pages 173-179, in Workshop Proceedings- Passage and survival of juvenile chinook salmon migrating from the Snake River Basin.  American Fisheries Society, Idaho Chapter, Moscow, Idaho. 
Mesa, M. G. and T. M. Olson.  1993.  Prolonged swimming performance  of northern squawfish:  can water velocity be used to reduce predation on juvenile salmonids at Columbia River dams?  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 122: 1104-1110.
Mesa, M. G.  1994.  Effects of multiple acute stressors on the predator avoidance ability of juvenile chinook salmon.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123: 786-793.
Mesa, M. G., T. P. Poe, D. M. Gadomski, and J. H. Petersen. 1994.  Are all prey created equal?  A review and synthesis of differential predation on prey in substandard condition.  Journal of Fish Biology 45: 81-96.
Parsley, M. J., D. E. Palmer, and R. W. Burkhardt.  1989. Variation in capture efficiency of a beach seine for small  fishes. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 9: 239- 244.  
Petersen, J. H., M. G. Mesa, J. Hall-Griswold, W. C. Schrader, G.W. Short, and T. P. Poe.  1990.  Magnitude and dynamics of predation on juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs.  Annual Report 1989.  Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon.
Petersen, J. H. and D. L. DeAngelis.  1992.  Functional response  and capture timing in an individual-based model:  predation by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River.  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  49: 2551-2565.
Petersen, J. H., D. M. Gadomski, and T. P. Poe.  1994.  Estimating prey mortality when predators are selective:  Feeding by northern squawfish on live and dead juvenile salmonids in the Bonneville Dam       tailrace (Columbia River).  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  51: 1197-1204.
Petersen, J. H. and D. M. Gadomski.  1994.  Light-mediated predation  by northern squawfish on juvenile salmon.  Journal of Fish Biology  45: 227-242.
Poe, T. P.  1987.  Predation as a component of reservoir mortality: information needs. In Proceedings of the Reservoir Mortality  Workshop.  Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority, Portland,        Oregon.  38 pp. 
Poe, T. P. and B. E. Rieman (eds.).  1988.  Predation by resident fish on juvenile salmonids in John Day Reservoir,  Final Report 1983-86. Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon.
Poe, T. P., H. C. Hansel, S. Vigg, D. E. Palmer, and L. A. Prendergast.  1991.  Feeding of predaceous fishes on out-migrating juvenile salmonids in John Day Reservoir, Columbia River.  Transactions of  the American Fisheries Society  120: 405-420.
Poe, T. P. (ed.).  1992.  Significance of selective predation and  development of prey protection measures for juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake river reservoirs.  Annual Report, 1991, to the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon.
Poe, T. P., M. G. Mesa, R. S. Shively, and R. D. Peters.  1994.  Development of biological criteria for siting and operation of  juvenile fish bypass systems:  Implications for protecting juvenile salmonids from predation.  Pages 169-176, in Fish Passage Responsibility and Technology.  Symposium Proceedings.  American        Fisheries Society Annual Meeting, 1993.  Portland, Oregon.  
Rieman, B. E., R. C. Beamesderfer, S. Vigg, and T. P. Poe.  1991.  Estimated loss of juvenile salmonids to predation by northern  squawfish, walleyes, and smallmouth bass in John Day Reservoir, Columbia River.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society  120: 448-458.
Rogers, J. M., and C. C. Burley.  1991.  A sigmoid model to predict gastric evacuation rates of smallmouth bass   (Micropterus dolomieu) fed juvenile salmon.  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  48:  933-937.
Shively, R. S., T. P. Poe, and R. Peters.  1994.  Integration of radio telemetry and hydraulic model data for siting and operating juvenile bypass systems on the Columbia River to reduce predation. Pages 549-561, in Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Habitat Hydraulics, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway, August 18-20, 1994.
Vigg, S. and C. C. Burley.  1991.  Temperature dependent maximum daily consumption of juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) from the Columbia River.  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48: 2491-2498.
Vigg, S., T. P. Poe, L. A. Prendergast, and H. C. Hansel.  1991.  Rates of consumption of juvenile salmonids and alternative prey fish by northern squawfish, walleyes, smallmouth bass, and channel catfish in John Day Reservoir, Columbia River. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 120: 421 438.
Ward, D. L., and T. P. Poe.  1992.  Predation on juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish in Columbia and Snake river reservoirs.  Pages 65-69, in Workshop Proceedings - Passage and survival of juvenile       chinook salmon migrating from the Snake River Basin.  American  Fisheries Society, Idaho Chapter, Moscow, Idaho.

Results:
Description of the dietary habitats and consumption rates of juvenile salmonids by predators in John Day Reservoir. Determined the relative vulnerability of juvenile salmonids in varying states of condition to predation by northern squawfish.  This information will be used in combination with prey protection measures to reduce the number of predator-smolt encounters or reduce the frequency of successful prey captures following an encounter.  Identified, developed and evaluated measures that would protect outmigrating juvenile salmonids from resident fish predators, particularly northern squawfish.  Results of that study indicate a loss of approximately 3 million juvenile salmonids to predation annually in the JD reservoir.  These results were used to estimate total loss of juvenile salmonids to predators in the John Day Reservoir as well as providing baseline data for other research activities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess the vulnerability of juvenile salmonids of varying condition to predation and develop measures to protect outmigrating juveniles from resident fish predators, i.e. northern squawfish in the reservoirs of the Lower Snake and Columbia Rivers.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assess the vulnerability of juvenile salmonids of varying condition to predation and develop measures to protect outmigrating juveniles from resident fish predators, i.e. northern squawfish, in the reservoirs of the Lower Snake and Columbia Rivers.

ProjectBackground:
BPA has funded predation research since 1982.  This project started as a cooperative effort between the Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to determine the loss of outmigrating juvenile salmonids in John Day River and Reservoir. (Original project title: Feeding Activity, Rate of Consumption, Daily Ration, and Prey Selection of Major Predators in the John Day River).  The project was then expanded to the whole basin.

ShortTitle:
PREDATION AND  DEVELOPMENT OF PREY PROTECTION

LongTitle:
Asess the Significance of Predation in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs and Develop Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids

PrimaryAgency:
NBS / USFWS - NAT FISH RES CTR - SEATTLE


ProjectTitle:
DEVELOP AN EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT FOR JUVENILE CHIN

Milestones:
This project developed and tested new and improved media formulations to reduce downstream hauling loss mortality of Chinook salmon and steelhead smolts.  Selected concentrations of mineral salts plus tranquilizing concentrations of MS-222 were tested for their ability to mitigate stress and improve smolt survival. The project was completed in 1984.

Publications:
Development & Evaluation of [an Effective] Transport Media to Mitigate Stress and Improve Juvenile Salmon Survival in Columbia River Barging and Trucking Operations DOE/BP 375

Results:
Proper media formulations for salmonid barge transportation were determined.

ProjectShortDescription:
Development and testing of new and improved media formulations to reduce downstream hauling loss mortality of chinook and steelhead smolts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Development and testing of new and improved media formulations to reduce downstream hauling mortality of chinook and steelhead smolts. Proper media formulations were established.

ProjectBackground:
Improvements in media formulations were required to ensure greater success in smolt survival during barging.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP EFFECTIVE MEDIA FOR JUVENILE CHINOOK

LongTitle:
Develop an Effective Transport Media for Juvenile Chinook


ProjectTitle:
STRESS ON CHINOOK SMOLTS TRNSPRTD FROM SNAKE TO

Milestones:
To determine the causes of stress University of Idaho monitored various blood parameters during collection and transportation and established baseline responses for spring Chinook salmon.  They established the effects of handling and mitigative measures as regards seawater survival and vulnerability to predation.

Publications:
Effects of Handling & Crowding on the Stress Response & Viability of Chinook Salmon Parr & Smolts DOE/BP 11196-1

Results:
Identification of causes of stress during barging of smolts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of various blood parameters during collection and transportation of spring chinook in relationship to stress.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of various blood parameters during collection and transportation of spring chinook.  Establish causes of stress in transported smolts. Study site was from Dworshak Dam to Lower Granite Dam.

ProjectBackground:
Mortality on nontransported smolts is high during downstream passage, particularly in low flow years.  It was anticipated that transportation techniques would improve survival rates.  However, the failure of transportation programs to improve survival substantially is both perplexing and a matter of serious concern. Poor survival may be related to physiological effects of stress during collection and transportation.  This project addressed those concerns.

ShortTitle:
STUDY STRESS ON TRANSPORTED CHINOOK SMOLTS

LongTitle:
Effects of Stresson the Viability of Chinook Salmon Smolts Transported from Dworshak to Lower Granite Dam


ProjectTitle:
COL R SALMONID OUTMIGRATION:  MCNARY DAM PASSAGE

Milestones:
The McNary Dam bypass and collection facility were evaluated by Oregon State University in order to propose methodologies for minimizing stress due to bypass, collection, and handling in order to increase yield of salmonids.  Project leaders evaluated the stress imposed at McNary Dam and assessed the cumulative  stress of dam passage, handling, and marking on smolts collected at McNary Dam  and determined methods for alleviating the severity of stress.

Publications:
Columbia River Salmonid Outmigration:  McNary Dam Passage & Enhanced Smolt Quality DOE/BP 338

Results:
Methodology for alleviating severe stress of smolts at McNary Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of the McNary bypass and collection facility for methodologies for minimizing stress due to bypass.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of the McNary bypass and collection facility for methodologies for minimizing stress due to bypass, collection, and handling.

ProjectBackground:
It was apparent that the McNary Dam bypass and collection facility were inducing stress in juvenile salmonids and that corrective measures were necessary.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE SALMONID OUTMIGRATION AT MCNARY DAM

LongTitle:
Columbia River Salmonid Outmigration at McNary Dam: Passage and Enhanced Smolt Quality


Milestones:
This project developed an egg bank for the Snake River stock by creating an experimental fish farm to produce eggs needed by Snake River hatcheries.  The project goal was to produce 8.5 million eggs annually.  Production continued through the maturation of the 1983 brood year.  Ancillary research determined the nutritional requirements of captive Chinook salmon brood stock (fish used for hatchery propagation) in seawater and evaluated diseases which occur in saltwater.

Publications:
Snake River Fall Chinook Brood Program DOE/BP 39642-1
Snake River Fall Chinook Brood Stock Program (1981-1986) DOE/BP 39645-2

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop an experimental fish farm and egg bank for the Snake River fall chinook for the Snake River hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop an experimental fish farm and egg bank for the Snake River fall chinook for the Snake River hatcheries. Determine nutritional needs of captive brood stock in seawater and evaluate diseases.

ProjectBackground:
Snake River fall Chinook have been reduced to critically low levels, primarily due to Lower Snake River hydroelectric project development.  It is important that the unique genetic qualities of this upper river run be preserved.

LongTitle:
Snake River Fall Chinook Brood Stock Program


ProjectTitle:
SMOLT PASSAGE BEHAVIOR AND FLOW RELATIONSHIPS

Milestones:
Researchers studied the flow-net (water velocity vector) at John Day Dam under various flow and spill conditions, and related the flow-net to movements of migrating juvenile salmon and steelhead in the forebay.  This study did not demonstrate a correlation between flow-net and efficient smolt passage.  However, relationships between John Day River flows and spill at John Day Dam did correlate with efficient smolt passage.

Publications:
Smolt Passage Behavior & Flow-Net Relationship in the Forebay of John Day Dam DOE/BP 39644-1.  
Smolt Passage Behavior & Flow Net Relationships in the Forebay of John Day Dam DOE/BP 347

Results:
Determined relationship between flow net and migrating salmonid smolts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study the flow-net or water velocity vector at John Day Dam under various flow and spill conditions and impacts of such on migrating juvenile salmonids in the forebay.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study the flow-net or water velocity vector at John Day Dam under various flow and spill conditions. Evaluate the impacts of such on migrating juvenile salmonids in the forebay.

ProjectBackground:
This was a study by the National Marine Fisheries Service concerned with mortality of migrating salmonids at hydroelectric facilities.

ShortTitle:
SMOLT PASSAGE BEHAVIOR AND FLOW RELATIONSHIPS

LongTitle:
Smolt Passage Behavior and Flow-Net Relationships in the Forebay of John Day Dam


Milestones:
The first phase was an evaluation of the river system.  During the construction phase of this project, workers installed log weirs and emplaced boulders to create riffles and pools needed for spawning and rearing.  They fenced riparian zones to enhance fish production areas.  Work took place on Camp Creek (Middle Fork, John Day River), Clear Creek (North Fork, John Day), and Deer Creek (South Fork, John Day).  Subsequently, ODFW evaluated the effectiveness of their efforts, as well as the fisheries benefits and costs.

Publications:
John Day Habitat Enhancement Evaluation DOE/BP 294

Results:
Improved fish habitat (riffles and pools required for spawning.)

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve stream habitat in selected John Day Basin streams for natural salmonid production by installing various instream structures and erecting riparian fences.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve stream habitat in selected John Day Basin streams for natural salmonid production by installing various instream structures to add diversity and by erecting riparian fences to facilitate riparian recovery and shading.

ProjectBackground:
The U.S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management biologists felt that improved stream habitat in the John Day River System would increase natural salmon and steelhead production.

LongTitle:
John Day River Habitat Improvement and Evalualtion


ProjectTitle:
RESTORE / ENHANCE ANADROMOUS SALMON IN UMATILLA

Milestones:
This project fell into the category of database assembly programs, but differed from a literature survey in several substantive ways.  Data was compiled by utilizing existing information, consultation with pertinent state and Federal entities, and reconnaissance-level field investigations.  This information was used to identify, evaluate, prioritize and recommend site-specific solutions to major problems impacting the anadromous salmonid resource and fisheries.  The project also resulted in preliminary designs and construction cost estimates for one on-reservation instream habitat restoration demonstration project and one on-reservation riparian zone rehabilitation demonstration project. The study area included the John Day, Umatilla, Imnaha and Grande Ronde River Basins.

Results:
Data base for salmonid restoration in the John Day, Umatilla, Imnaha and Grande Ronde River Basins.

ProjectShortDescription:
Compilation of data to develop priorities and recommend initiatives for a coordinated approach to restoring and enhancing anadromous fish within the Umatilla Reservation and ceded lands.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Compilation of a data base and develop priorities and recommend initiatives for a coordinated approach to restoring and enhancing anadromous fish within the Umatilla Reservation and ceded lands.

ProjectBackground:
This project was initiated to develop a data base which would allow the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife to develop priorities and recommend initiatives for a coordinated approach to restoring and enhancing anadromous salmon and steelhead produced within the reservation and Oregon-ceded lands of the Confederated Tribes.

ShortTitle:
RESTORE & ENHANCE  SALMON IN THE UMATILLA BASIN

LongTitle:
Plan for  Restoration and Enhancement of Salmonid Populations within the Reservation and Ceded Lands of the Confederated Tribes of Umatilla Indian Reservation


Milestones:
The project monitored the energy expenditures of juvenile salmon versus travel time in the Columbia River.  It determined how much energy is needed under different water temperatures and the effect of various hydromanagement scenarios.  It explored and identified options for aiding the energy budget of fish.  The project was completed in FY 1989.

Publications:
Bioenergetics of Juvenile Salmon During the Spring Outmigration DOE/BP 35346-1

Results:
Energy expenditure of smolts during migration.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of energy requirements of migrating young salmonids given different water temperatures and hydromanagement scenarios.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of energy expenditures and requirements of migrating young salmonids given different water temperatures and hydromanagement scenarios.

ProjectBackground:
The downstream migration speed of salmonid smolts has been slowed and frustrated by hydroelectric dams as well as by lower velocities in reservoirs.  During this extended period, young salmon, especially hatchery reared, have trouble obtaining adequate food.  Their stored energy can become critically important to their survival and entry into the ocean.  The energy expenditure for juvenile salmon is vital to understanding the value of the water budget relative to the spend of migration.

LongTitle:
Bioenergetics of Juvenile Salmon During the Spring Outmigration


ProjectTitle:
PREDATION INDEX / MODEL & HARVEST OPTION -ODFW

ProjectTypeDefinition:
Harvest, law enforcement, and predator control

Milestones:
This project centered on estimating the populations of predators in the forebay, tailrace, and reservoir of John Day Dam.  Combined with consumption estimates developed by Project 82-3, locations, timing, and resident fish species involved with predation on salmonids were determined.  During FY 1985 the project developed estimates of local populations of predator species and their seasonal movements. Researchers developed an indexing technique for estimation of predation losses of juvenile salmonids and identified relationships among predator-caused mortality on smolts and physical and biological variables.  Researchers provided a detailed, step-by-step process for implementation and maintenance of a predator control program.  This included legal, social, institutional, economic, harvest technology, marketing/product development, and contaminants considerations.

Publications:
Abundance & Distribution of Northern Squawfish & Walleye in John Day Reservoir & Tailrace DOE/BP 381. 
Abundance & Distribution of Walleye, Northern Squawfish & Smallmouth Bass in John Day Reservoir & Tailrace DOE/BP 35097-1.  
Abundance & Distribution of Walleye, Northern Squawfish & Smallmouth Bass in John Day Reservoir & Tailrace DOE/BP 35097-2.  
Abundance & Distribution of Walleye Northern Squawfish & Smallmouth Bass in John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 35097-3.  
Distribution, Abundance, & Population Dynamics of Northern Squawfish, Walleye, Smallmouth Bass, & Channel Catfish in John Day Reservoir DOE/BP 35097-5.  
Developing a Predation Index & Evaluating Ways to Reduce Salmonid Losses to Predation in  the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 92122-1.  
Developing A Predation Index & Evaluating Ways to Reduce Salmonid Losses to Predation in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 92122-2

Results:
Studies revealed that predator control provides an alternative fish protective measure that may be more beneficial and less costly than other measures, such as water budget and spill.  This information was used to develop mechanical and biological alternatives for control of predation of salmonid smolts in Columbia River reservoirs.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop an index for estimating predation losses of juvenile salmonids throughout the Columbia River basin in order to establish predator control procedures.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate populations of salmonid predators.  Develop an index for estimating predation losses of juvenile salmonids throughout the Columbia River basin in order to establish predator control procedures.

ProjectBackground:
The Columbia River mainstem reservoirs created by hydroelectric projects have greatly increased the number of fish which prey on migrating juvenile salmon and steelhead.  Successful predation control or mitigation techniques could greatly increase the survival of downstream migrant salmonids.  The objectives of this project were several:  to develop an index for estimating predation losses of juvenile salmonids throughout the Columbia River basin;  to describe the relationships among predator-caused mortality on juvenile salmonids and physical and biological variables; and to examine the feasibility of developing bounty, commercial, or recreational fisheries on northern squawfish.  Predator control efforts were considered critical to improving juvenile salmonid survival.

ShortTitle:
PREDATION INDEX / MODEL & HARVEST OPTION

LongTitle:
Developing a Predation Index and Evaluating Ways to Reduce Salmonid Losses to Predation: Study of Northern Squawfish, Walleye and Smallmouth Bass in the John Day Reservoir


Milestones:
The burden of CWT recoveries rests principally upon the coastal States and British Columbia.  However, beginning in l982, BPA has funded its "fair share" of the recovery costs for CWTs because of the significant component of BPA funded tagging in the Columbia Basin.  The first year's funding was $400,000 and supported tag recovery programs of WDF, WDW, and ODFW.  The funding was administered through PSMFC.  This support has grown during the past decade to the  level of $1,329, 363 for FY l994. In l992, BPA also agreed to fund its "fair share" of the operations costs for maintaining the Regional Mark Processing Center (RMPC).  The fair share was based on the fact that an estimated 20-25% of the 45 million CWTs released annually come from BPA funded projects in the Columbia Basin.  Similarly, approximately 17-20% of the coastwide tag recoveries come from BPA funded projects.  The recovery and catch/sample data for these tags, along with all other tags coastwide, are reported to the mark Center for common use by all fisheries entities.  The role of the RMPC is to coordinate and administer all CWT data and is requisite for effective use of this valuable information. On the basis of these percentages, 20% was selected as the estimated impact of BPA funded tags on the operations of the RMPC.  Using this guideline, 20% of the RMPC's annual budget of $274,252 in 1992 was funded by BPA.  Yearly funding levels are included in the total project costs listed above.  Annual RMPC funds for 1992 - 1994 were $54,000, $57,000, and $58,000 respectively.  The RMPC budget is included in the totals presented for overall project costs.  BPA also provided the RMPC with an additional $180,000 in l992 when approved funding through U.S./Canada Salmon Treaty failed to be appropriated by Congress.  This was done on an emergency, one time only, basis to keep the RMPC operational for l992.  This support was deeply appreciated by the PSMFC and those users dependent on ready access to CWT release, recovery, and catch/sample data. The Mark Center completed an extensive development and data migration project to establish the CWT data on a new software platform named the Regional Mark Information system ("RMIS").  Its primary objective is to provide on-line access to all available CWT data coastwide, including:  1) Release; 2) Recoveries; 3) Catch/Sample; and 4) Location codes.   The Mark Center also serves as the U.S. site for exchanging U.S. coded wire tag data with Canada for Pacific Salmon Treaty purposes.  Users may obtain a variety of release and recovery reports, as well as data records in either raw or aggregated form.  Further RMIS enhancements are underway.  These include file compression prior to downloading to further improve file download times, data selection by geographic regions and basins, and improved system help documentation.  In addition, efforts are underway to find the necessary funding to connect PSMFC's Data Center to InterNet in order to take full advantage of electronic data transfers at high speeds.

Publications:
(All CWT recovery information is provided to PSMFC’s Regional Mark Processing Center where it is validated and then added to the existing coastwide CWT database.  Information may be retrieved in the form of either standard reports or raw record sets via the on-line Regional Mark Information System (RMIS).	
Other related PSMFC publications include:  Pacific Salmonid Releases through 1994 (updated yearly); Mark List - 1995 (updated yearly).)

Results:
The Regional Mark Information System (RMIS) provides fish managers with a)  Ability to automatically build lists of tag codes from the release data, edit the lists, and then use them to retrieve coastwide tag recoveries. b) Ability to select hatcheries and recovery sites by simply entering the geographic location name rather than the code. c) Much faster file downloading speeds. d) User generated report formats. e) Access to catch/sample data, and some non-CWT release data.

ProjectShortDescription:
Support for the coded wire tag recovery program used to track progress in increasing run sizes for anadromous Columbia River salmonid populations, including stocks listed under the Endangered Species Act and Pacific Salmon Treaty indicator stocks.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Support for the coded wire tag recovery program used to track progress in increasing run sizes for anadromous Columbia River salmonid populations, including stocks listed under the Endangered Species Act and Pacific Salmon Treaty indicator stocks.

ProjectBackground:
Coded wire micro-tags were first introduced in the late l960's as an alternative to fin clipping and various types of external tags to track fish.  Coastwide use quickly followed and led to the early establishment of large scale ocean sampling/recovery programs by the five State/Province fisheries agencies (ADFG, CDFO, WDF, ODFW, and CDFG).  Tagging programs have continued to expand, with over 55 federal, state, tribal, and private entities (including Canada) now releasing approximately 45 million CWT marked salmonids yearly.  Approximately 1,600 new tag codes are released annually, representing hundreds of studies, at a cost in the range of $3.5 million.  The marking cost per tag is approximately 8-10 cents.  An additional $8-9 million dollars is expended coastwide in the recovery effort annually.  BPA funds a significant portion of the ongoing enhancement, mitigation, and research work in the Columbia Basin conducted by State, Federal, and Tribal agencies under the Northwest Power Planning Council Fish and Wildlife Program.  This work typically involves the tagging and release of hundreds of thousands of juvenile salmonids with coded wire tags.  These studies include the following:  a) stock selection;  b) disease and diet;  c) rearing density; d) survival rates;  e) contribution to fisheries by time and area  f) life history information, including distribution; g) hydro-mitigation programs;  h) juvenile passage past dams.The recovery of these tags each year from the returning marked adult salmonids in the major treaty and non-treaty commercial fisheries and sport fisheries in the Columbia Basin provide data essential to the evaluation of these ongoing studies.  These tag recoveries also provide additional data for management of Columbia River salmon and steelhead stocks.  Sampling in the fisheries was conducted on the Oregon and Washington coasts as  well as in the Columbia River and its tributaries.  Information collected by this project as well as information from the commercial catch is compiled and reported by the Pacific Marine Fisheries Commission.

LongTitle:
The Columbia River Basin Coded Wire Tag Sampling Program


ProjectTitle:
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CONCEPTS IN FISH LADDER DESIGN

Milestones:
This project, initiated in 1982, was conducted at the Albrook Hydraulic Laboratory, Washington State University. The project philosophy was two pronged: 1.  test some of the long-standing design criteria to determine whether they have appropriate factors of safety; and 2.  test some design mores to determine whether they are physically or biologically correct, and quantify them through measurement and/or analysis.  The project summarized the most active periods of fishway research since 1938, which leads into the Columbia River fisheries research program and  its unique features.  The focus was on how to achieve two objectives:  (1) apply more fundamental fluid and biomechanics to fishway design; and (2) work towards developing more cost-effective fish passage facilities with primary application to small scale  hydropower facilities. Among the areas of research included: 1.  The detailed development of the new weir and pool fishways through testing and analytical evaluations. 2.  An assessment of the historical development of fishways and their design including such topics as: (a)  early European and United States efforts at fishway development; (b)  classification systems for comparing different types of fishways; (c)  the swimming and leaping capabilities of salmonids, and factors which  affect those capabilities; (d) the locomotion of salmonids and the hydrodynamics of that motion; (e)  a comparative analysis of the energy expenditure of fish in passing through fishways while swimming through ports, or up chutes, or leaping; (f)  a fluid mechanics basis for why fish responded to certain attraction velocity conditions; (g) important stresses, stimuli, and responses which fish  can experience in a fishway; (h)  the results of an international survey of current fishway design  practice; (i)  construction considerations for smaller fishways including alternative materials; (j) developing a bibliography with extra references on fishway-associated factors which may not be readily available to other researchers; and (k)  a summary of the research and design developments which led to field testing of the new weir and pool fishway.  3.  Development of an organized approach to the evaluation and correction of two major barriers to upstream migration, waterfalls and culverts.  The classification system uses site geometry, hydrology and channel hydraulics, blended with fish species requirements, to define the problem.  The solution is developed by matching the modifications to fish capabilities.

Publications:
Analysis of Barriers to Upstream Fish Migration, An Investigation of the Physical & Biological Conditions Affecting Fish Passage Success at Culverts & Waterfalls Part 4 of 4 DOE/BP 36523-1.  
New Concepts in Fish Ladder Design:  Part 1 [of 4]: Summary DOE/BP 36523-2.  
New Concepts in Fish Ladder Design:  Part 2 of 4 - Results of Laboratory & Field Research on New Concepts in Weir & Pool Fishways DOE/BP 36523-3.  
Fishways - An Assessment of Their Development & Design (Part 3 of 4, Development of New Concepts in Fish Ladder Design) DOE/BP 36523-4

Results:
Directions toward the development of small-scale fish passage facilities and solving passage problems.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop and test plans for small-scale fish passage facilities that are both adequate and economical.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review fishway research since 1938.  Test design criteria. Develop and test plans for small-scale fish passage facilities that are both adequate and economical.

ProjectBackground:
Because of growing interest in the development of small-scale hydroelectric dams in the region, there is a need for small-scale fish passage facilities that are both adequate and economical.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CONCEPTS IN FISH LADDER DESIGN

LongTitle:
Development of New Concepts in Fish Ladder Design


ProjectTitle:
YAKIMA RIVER SPRING CHINOOK ENHANCEMENT STUDY

Milestones:
This research project provided guidelines for off-site mitigation efforts in the Yakima River Basin for spring Chinook salmon which have been reduced to extremely low levels as a result of several factors, including irrigation withdrawals of water, overharvest, and mortality associated with downstream Columbia River hydroelectric facilities.  Researchers determined the abundance and distribution of naturally produced fry and smolts in the Yakima River.  They evaluated different methods of fry and smolt supplementation of the natural rearing environment.  After locating and defining areas in the watershed which may be used for the rearing of spring Chinook, they developed strategies for enhancing spring Chinook in the Yakima River.  This Yakima Basin study was completed in 1991.

Publications:
Yakima Spring Chinook Enhancement Study Fisheries Resource Management DOE/BP 697.   
Yakima Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-1. 
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-2.  
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-3.  
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-4. 
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-5. 
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-7.  
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study - Appendices39461-8.  
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study DOE/BP 39461-9

Results:
Guidelines for off-site mitigation for salmon in the Yakima Basin were developed.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of abundance and distribution of naturally produced spring chinook fry and smolts in the Yakima River system and determination of appropriate methods of supplementation.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of abundance and distribution of naturally produced spring chinook fry and smolts in the Yakima River system and determination of appropriate methods of supplementation.

ProjectBackground:
Yakima river spring Chinook salmon have been reduced to extremely low levels due to various factors, including hydroelectric  projects.  Mitigation is required for these losses

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA RIVER SPRING CHINOOK ENHANCEMENT STUDY

LongTitle:
Yakima River Spring Chinook Enhancement Study


ProjectTitle:
RADIO TRACKING STUDY OF LOSSES BTWN BONN & MCNARY

Milestones:
In 1982 (August 15 - October 4), 295 "upriver bright" adult fall Chinook were radio-tagged and released.  Surveillance of these tagged fish through October 28 from airplanes and fixed and mobile monitors provided a measure of their behavior, disposition, and potential losses between Bonneville and McNary Dams.

Results:
Clarification of the causes of mortality of "upriver bright" fall Chinook salmon.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of fall chinook migration from Bonneville to McNary Dam to establish behavior and potential losses.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Radio-tag study of "upriver bright" fall chinook migration from Bonneville to McNary Dam to establish behavior and potential losses.

ProjectBackground:
There were unaccountable losses of "upriver bright" fall Chinook salmon.  Losses of "upriver bright" fall Chinook salmon between Bonneville and McNary Dams rose from 10 percent in 1979 to 37 percent in 1980 and to 47 percent in 1981. This study was designed to explain those losses.

ShortTitle:
RADIO TRACKING OF CHINOOK - BONNEVILLE TO MCNARY

LongTitle:
Radio Tracking Study of Unaccountable Losses Between Bonneville and McNary Dams


ProjectTitle:
O&M OF BONIFER SPRINGS ACCLIMATION FACILITY

Milestones:
The project included the final design, construction, and initial operation and maintenance  of the Bonifer Springs juvenile acclimation and adult holding facility.  Bonifer Springs is located on Meacham Creek, a tributary to the Umatilla River.  The facility is a fenced spring-fed pond with a weir and fish ladder.  Juvenile steelhead are acclimated in the pond with a volitional release.  Returning adults are held in the fish ladder until they are ready to spawn.  Eggs are fertilized at the facility and taken to a hatchery for incubation and  rearing.  Project operation and maintenance and an associated acclimation facility at Minthorn Springs are reported on in the narrative for Project 8343500.

Publications:
Operations of the Bonifer Springs Juvenile Release/Adult Collection Facility DOE/BP 39457-1

Results:
The Bonifer Springs facility was developed as planned.

ProjectShortDescription:
Final design of the Bonifer Springs Acclimation facility on Meacham Creek in the Umatilla Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Final design, construction, and initial operation and maintenance of the Bonifer Springs Acclimation facility on Meacham Creek in the Umatilla Basin. A continuation of project 8110600.

ProjectBackground:
This project was, in part, a continuation of Project 8110600 dealing with the Bonifer Springs juvenile acclimation and adult holding facility.

LongTitle:
Operation and Maintenance of the Bonifer Springs Juvenile Release/ Adult Collection Facility


ProjectTitle:
CUMULATIVE IMPACT OF MICRO HYDRO SITES, SWANN RI

Milestones:
Under this project, the Montana  Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks and the U.S. Forest Service (Flathead National Forest) evaluated cumulative effects by examining the combined fishery impacts of 22 proposed small hydroprojects in the Swan River, Montana.  In addition approximately 50 streams in the drainage were evaluated for their fishery.  Researchers developed a fisheries impact model which could be used in similar watersheds by power planning, resource development, and resource protection groups, and by agencies to determine levels of micro-hydro development that are consistent with fishery needs and objectives.  The results of the study were published in 1985.

Publications:
Cumulative Effects of Micro-Hydro Development on the Fisheries of the Swan River Drainage,Montana DOE/BP 225.  
Cumulative Effects of Micro-Hydro Development on the Fisheries of the Swan River Drainage, Montana; Volume I:  Summary Report DOE/BP 36717-1.  
Cumulative Effects of Micro-Hydro Development on the Fisheries of the Swan River Drainage, Montana; Volume II: Technical Information DOE/BP 36717-2.  
Cumulative Effects of Micro-Hydro Development on the Fisheries of the Swan River Drainage, Montana; Volume III:  Fish & Habitat Inventory DOE/BP 36717-3

Results:
A model of Cumulative effects for small hydroprojects was developed..

ProjectShortDescription:
Cumulative effects evaluation of 22 proposed small hydroprojects in the Swan River, Flathead Basin, on the fishery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Cumulative effects evaluation of 22 proposed small hydroprojects on tributaries of Swan River, Flathead Basin, relative to their impact on the fishery. Evaluation of 50 steams in the drainage for the present condition of their fishery.

ProjectBackground:
It appeared at the time that future development of small-scale hydroelectric facilities in the Northwest might be substantial.  The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission had at least 400 applications for projects pending and at least 400 outstanding preliminary permits in the four Northwest States.  Many of these projects were proposed for drainage basins tributary to the Columbia River and containing important fish habitat.  An individual small-scale hydroproject may not have much of an effect on a fish population ,however, the cumulative effect of many small projects throughout a river basin could be much greater.  In the past, Federal review was limited to individual projects, with little or no consideration given to their combined impact.

ShortTitle:
CUMULATIVE IMPACT OF MICRO HYDRO SITES, SWAN R

LongTitle:
Cumulative Effects of Micro-Hydro Development on the Fisheries of the Swan River Drainage, Montana


Milestones:
Oregon State University characterized different strains of IHN which are associated with different fish hatcheries and geographic areas.  New and more sensitive methods of diagnosis were developed which reduce time for diagnosis from 40 to 5 days.

Publications:
Rapid Diagnosis of IHN Virus Infection in Salmon & Steelhead Trout DOE/BP 36999

Results:
Techniques to rapidly identify and diagnose different strains of IHN were developed.

ProjectShortDescription:
Characterization of strains of IHN virus in the Pacific NW as associated with specific hatcheries and regions and development of rapid diagnosis procedures.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Characterization of strains of IHN virus in the Pacific NW as associated with specific hatcheries and regions. Development of rapid diagnosis procedures.

ProjectBackground:
The productivity of hatcheries built to mitigate for fish losses due to dam construction was being cut by a viral disease, IHN.  Since 1980 IHN virus had directly killed over 14 million hatchery fish. All salmon, cutthroat, rainbow, and steelhead trout are susceptible to this disease.  More data was needed on the virus.

LongTitle:
Rapid Diagnosis of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) Virus Infection in Salmon and Steelhead


Milestones:
This project was the initial effort to develop new methods of reducing the prevalence of IHN virus in the Columbia Basin hatcheries.  The main approach was to segregate the eggs of each mating pair until highly infected fish could be identified and the eggs eliminated.  The monitoring part of this project measured the incidence and levels of virus at selected hatchery broodstock stations.  This project also investigated various routes of infection and locations where the virus may reside when not in the infectious state.  Finally, the project investigated chemicals and drugs which might interrupt IHN infection.

Results:
Methods of control of the IHN virus were  suggested.

ProjectShortDescription:
Testing brood stock culling as a way to control IHN virus and testing antiviral drugs to block water-borne transmission of diseases including IHN.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Testing brood stock culling as a way to control IHN virus and testing antiviral drugs to block water-borne transmission of diseases including IHN.

ProjectBackground:
Because of major hatchery fish losses due to IHN, techniques to reduce the prevalence of the IHN virus were essential.

LongTitle:
Control of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) by Brood Stock Culling, and Testing of Antiviral Drugs to Control IHN Virus in Sockeye and Chinook


ProjectFocusDefinition:
Seminars, workshops, training, school programs

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded room rental for the IHN virus workshop.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded room rental for the IHN virus workshop.


ProjectShortDescription:
Collection of salmonid eggs at Bonneville Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Collection of salmonid eggs at Bonneville Dam.


Milestones:
Researchers determined the status of fish populations in the Lower Flathead River and evaluated the effects that the operations of Hungry Horse and Kerr Dams had on these fish populations.  Studies were made of trout, northern pike, and largemouth bass populations, and of the interrelationships among these species. Tributaries, particularly those on or near the Flathead Indian Reservation were evaluated. This study was completed in 1988.

Publications:
Lower Flathead [Montana] Fisheries Study DOE/BP 362.  
Lower Flathead [Montana] Fisheries Study DOE/BP 202.  
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study DOE/BP 39830-1.  
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study DOE/BP 39830-2. 
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study, Executive Summary - Volume I DOE/BP 39830-1.  
ALower Flathead System Fisheries Study, Main River & Tributaries - Volume II DOE/BP 39830-2A.  
Lower Flathead System Fisheries Study, South Bay of Flathead Lake - Volume III DOE/BP 39830-3

Results:
Status of resident fish populations in the Lower Flathead River and tributaries was determined.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determination of present status of fish populations in the lower Flathead River and evaluation of the impacts of the operations of Hungry Horse and Kerr Dams on these populations.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determination of present status of fish populations in the lower Flathead River and evaluation of the impacts of the operations of Hungry Horse and Kerr Dams on these populations.

ProjectBackground:
The Kerr and Hungry Horse dams appeared to have had an impact on fish population in the Flathead River Basin and baseline information was necessary.


Milestones:
The Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation investigated the effects of Kerr Dam on Canada goose populations and habitat on the South half of Flathead Lake and on the Lower Flathead River. Objectives of the study were:  (1) Identify effects of water level fluctuations on goose nesting success and nesting habitat; (2) Identify effects of water level fluctuations on gosling survival and brooding habitat; and (3) Develop recommendations to protect and/or enhance Canada goose production.

Publications:
Impact on Water Levels of Canada Geese, & the  Methodology for Mitigation & Enhancement of the Flathead Drainage DOE/BP 203.  
Impacts of Water Level Fluctuations on Breeding Canada Geese & the Methodology for Mitigation & Enhancement in the Flathead Drainage DOE/BP 10062.  
Impacts of Water Levels on Breeding Canada Geese & the Methodology for Mitigation & Enhancement in Flathead Drainage DOE/BP 10062-1.  
Impacts of Water Levels on Breeding Canada Geese & Methods for Mitigation & Management in the Southern Flathead Valley, Montana DOE/BP 10062-3

Results:
It was determined that the population of nesting geese on  the river appears to be limited by the number of secure nest sites.  The number of nesting geese increased with the placement of artificial nest structures.  Brood habitat was found to be limited on the lake.  Gosling survival was low on the lake, possibly because extensive mudflats formed during reservoir drawdown. Rrecommendations made were: (1)  Provide secure nest sites on the river through an artificial nesting program; (2) Improve brood habitat on Flathead Lake; and (3) Continue monitoring production of Canada geese.

ProjectShortDescription:
Investigation of the effects of Kerr Dam on Canada goose populations and habitat on the south half of Flathead Lake and on the Lower Flathead River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Investigation of the effects of fluctuating water levels due to Kerr Dam on Canada goose populations and habitat on the south half of Flathead Lake and on the Lower Flathead River.

ProjectBackground:
Since the construction of the Kerr Dam the level of Flathead Lake had fluctuated significantly thus impacting the Canada goose nesting habitat and seriously affecting the population.

ShortTitle:
FLATHEAD LAKE LEVEL IMPACT ON CANADIAN GEESE

LongTitle:
Kerr Dam and Flathead Lake Water Level Impact on Canadian Geese


ProjectTitle:
FISH AND WILDLIFE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

ProgramCategoryDefinition:
Program wide type projects including coordination

Milestones:
The purpose of the workshop was to give participants a background in management analysis techniques, present the data collection scheme, and to identify task assignments and agency representatives who will participate for their agencies in future steps of this planning process.

Results:
Trained personnel in management analysis techniques, etc.

ProjectShortDescription:
Development of a Northwest power Act Fish and Wildlife Plan in conjunction with contractors and a two day NMFS Columbia R Basin Fish and Wildlife workshop on management analysis.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Development of a Northwest Power Act Fish and Wildlife Plan in conjunction with contractors and a two day NMFS Columbia R Basin Fish and Wildlife workshop on management analysis.

ProjectBackground:
This project provided funds for NMFS to conduct a two-day workshop in Portland to implement Section 4(h) of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

ShortTitle:
FISH AND WILDLIFE PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

LongTitle:
Fish and Wildlife Program Implementation


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded room rental for the small hydropower plant workshop..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded room rental for the small hydropower plant workshop.

LongTitle:
Room Rental fo Workshop on Small Hydropower Plants


ProjectTitle:
COORD AND IMPLEMENT PLAN OF RESIDENT FISH MEASURE

Milestones:
Priorities and schedule for implementation of resident fish projects were developed for Montana.

Results:
Implementation plan for resident fish measures.

ProjectShortDescription:
Coordination and development of an implementation plan for resident fish measures in Montana.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Coordination and development of an implementation plan for resident fish measures in Montana.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of the project was to coordinate and develop an implementation plan for resident fish measures in Montana as part of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

ShortTitle:
IMPLEMENTATION  PLAN FOR MT RESIDENT FISH MEASURES

LongTitle:
Coordination and Implementation Plan for Resident Fish Measures in Montana


Milestones:
Approximately 1.1 million fish were marked.

Results:
Such operations have the following results: 1. Provides consolidated fish marking capability for BPA projects.    2. Marked fish provide information on hatchery operations and for use in water budget management.   3. Incidental information derived from these marked fish is valuable for harvest management.

ProjectShortDescription:
Marking of smolts in a variety of Columbia River Basin hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Marking of smolts in a variety of Columbia River Basin hatcheries. Over a million fish were marked and nearly 30 hatcheries participated.  The marked fish provided data facilitating hatchery operations.

ProjectBackground:
The U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, performs the fish marking and tagging operations on many BPA-funded fish and wildlife projects.   BPA has consolidated fish marking under this agreement to decrease costs and maintain consistency in marking operations.  The Fish and Wildlife Service provides two technical personnel to oversee fish marking activities and perform routine maintenance on an annual basis..

LongTitle:
Operation and Maintenance of Fish Marking Trailer - USFSW


ProjectTitle:
IDAHO HABITAT EVALUATION/OFFSITE MITIGATE RECORD

Milestones:
The Idaho Department of Fish and Game evaluated stream conditions  of selected areas and the juvenile Chinook and steelhead production benefits of habitat improvement projects in Idaho in order to produce the offsite mitigation record for Idaho.  Biologists measured basic parameters, such as smolt production, then related these figures to construction and operating costs over the project's life expectancy.  Nine habitat projects were evaluated. The offsite mitigation record is being completed on an annual basis, although individual projects will be monitored only at periodic annual intervals.

Publications:
Idaho Habitat Evaluation for Offsite Mitigation Record DOE/BP 13381-1.  
Idaho Habitat Evaluation for Off-Site Mitigation Record DOE/BP 13381-2.  
Evaluation & Monitoring of Idaho Habitat Enhancement & Anadromous Fish Natural Production DOE/BP 13381-3.  
Idaho Habitat Evaluation for Off-Site Mitigation Record DOE/BP 13381-4
Idaho Habitat Evaluation of Off-Site Mitigation Record DOE/BP 13381-5.  
Idaho Habitat & Natural Production Monitoring DOE/BP 13381-6.  
Idaho Habitat/Natural Production Monitoring:  Part I, General Monitoring Subproject13381-7.  
Idaho Habitat/Natural Production Monitoring:  Part II 1 DOE/BP 3381-8

Results:
Condition of Idaho streams and fish habitat projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of salmonid production benefits and relative costs of habitat improvement projects in Idaho.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluated salmonid production benefits and relative costs of 9 habitat improvement projects in Idaho.  Surveyed fish populations and stream conditions in over 50 streams over a several year period.

ProjectBackground:
A group of habitat projects built previously by the U.S. Forest Service, the Shoshone-Bannock Indian Tribes, and the Idaho Department of  Fish and Game needed to be evaluated for effectiveness.  A survey was also needed of conditions and fisheries in selected streams.

ShortTitle:
IDAHO HABITAT EVALUATION/OFFSITE MITIGATION RECORD

LongTitle:
Idaho Habitat Evaluation for Offsite Mitigation Record


Milestones:
The research needs for white sturgeon were prioritized and are as follows:  (1) define physical habitat requirements for early life history stages; (2) identify genetic stocks; (3) assess population status; (4) assess reproductive status; (5) develop new sampling techniques and gear for collecting early life history stages; (6) assess gametogenesis; and (7) define physical habitat for spawning.

Publications:
The final report (WHITE STURGEON RESEARCH NEEDS: WORKSHOP RESULTS) is available from BPA.

Results:
Established research needs for white sturgeon studies.

ProjectShortDescription:
PNL workshop to develop and prioritize a research program for Columbia River Basin white sturgeon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Pacific NW Lab workshop to develop and prioritize a research program for Columbia River Basin white sturgeon.

ProjectBackground:
A workshop on November 3 and 4, 1983, was conducted by Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) under an inter-agency agreement with Bonneville Power  Administration (BPA) to develop and prioritize a research program for Columbia  River Basin white sturgeon.

LongTitle:
White Sturgeon Workshop to Identify and Prioritize Research Needs


Milestones:
The project developed and tested improved methods for diagnosing five important pathogens of fish; two viruses (infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHN) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPN), and three bacterial agents (AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA, RENIBACTERIUM SALMONINARUM, and YERSINIA RUCKERI).  The methods tested were the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the use of monoclonal antibodies, and the "immuno-blot" tests.  In 1986 there were field tests of the assays.

Results:
Improved methods for diagnosing 5 major fish pathogens.

ProjectShortDescription:
Development and testing of improved methods (ELISA or enzyme-linked immunassay tests) for diagnosing important fish pathogens causing IHN.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Development and testing of improved methods including ELISA [enzyme-linked immunassay), use of monoclonal antibodies, and the immuno-blot tests for diagnosing important fish pathogens causing IHN.

ProjectBackground:
The success of the hatchery program is dependent on the early detection of pathogens and preventing the introduction of pathogens into nonendemic areas.

LongTitle:
Development of a Rapid, Serodiagnostic Test for the Detection, Surveillance, and Diagnosis of Five Important Pathogens of Fishes in the Columbia River


ProjectTitle:
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Milestones:
Oregon State University Researchers worked on the identification of intermediate host of CERATOMYXA SHASTA, the role of  an intermediate host in infection, identification of the infectious entity, and conditions necessary for infections to occur. Work was also done on BKD and transmission of IHN virus.

Publications:
Development, Characterization, and Use of Monoclonal and Polyclonal  Antibodies Against the Myxosporean, CERATOMYXA SHASTA.   Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody against CERATOMYXA SHASTA Using Immunochemistry  IN VITRO Inhibition of RENIBACTERIUM SALMONINARUM by Experimental Antibiotics.Epidemiology & Control of Infectious Diseases of Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 376.  
Epidemiology & Control of Infectious Diseases of Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 11987-1.  
Epidemiology & Control of Infectious Diseases of Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 11987-2.  
Epidemiology & Control of Infectious Diseases of Salmonids in the Columbia River DOE/BP 11987-3

Results:
Understanding the biology of C. SHASTA and the identification of potential chemotherapeutants for control of bacterial kidney disease (BKD). Research on the control and epidemiology of these fish pathogens should lead to better quality smolts resulting in more adult salmon.

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimation of disease-induced mortality in the hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimation of disease-induced mortality in the hatcheries. Focus was on the biology and control of Ceratomyxa Shasta as well as BKD and IHN.

ProjectBackground:
The pathogen, CERATOMYXA SHASTA,  appeared to be causing far more mortality than was previously suspected.  The disease was spreading and increasing.  No control was yet possible.

ShortTitle:
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

LongTitle:
Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases of Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin


ProjectTitle:
PEN REARING / IMPRINTING OF FALL CHINOOK SALMON

Milestones:
Researchers evaluated and ascertained if low-cost net-pen rearing techniques can be used as an adjunct to existing facilities to increase total numbers of juvenile fish produced for release in the system.  Benefits accrued would be an increase in numbers and pounds of salmon through a cost-effective extended  rearing/acclimation method of rearing fish.  The project demonstrated that net-pen rearing is feasible.  Return rates of groups of fish reared at different densities were monitored to 1991 to determine optimum rearing density.  A cost/benefit analysis was completed and a management plan for low capital salmon production programs was developed.  This 8 year project was completed in 1991.

Publications:
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook DOE/BP 241. 
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 13084-1.  
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 13084-2.  
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 13084-3.  
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 13084-4.  
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 13084-5.  
Pen Rearing & Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon DOE/BP 13084-6

Results:
Feasibility of raising salmon in net pens along the Columbia was established. Construction and emplacement of a Large Enclosure for Rearing Fish Off-station was accomplished.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of the effectiveness of rearing salmon in backwater net pens along the Columbia in contrast to standard hatchery efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of the effectiveness of rearing salmon in backwater net pens along the Columbia in contrast to standard hatchery efforts. The project lasted 8 years and proved the feasibility of the effort.

ProjectBackground:
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service evaluated the effectiveness of rearing and imprinting upriver bright fall Chinook salmon in net pens located in backwaters along the Columbia River.

ShortTitle:
PEN REARING AND IMPRINTING OF FALL CHINOOK SALMON

LongTitle:
Pen Rearing and Imprinting of Fall Chinook Salmon to Sites on John Day Reservoir


Milestones:
Research focused on the responses of young sturgeon to changes in temperature, flow, and other variables.  It also addressed the potential for artificial propagation and identification of genetic distinction between populations.  Continued genetic determinations for sturgeon stocks. The project was completed in 1987.

Publications:
Annual Reports to BPA - DOE R7 363/R21-18952-1/R31 18952-2/R40-18952-3  
Columbia River White Sturgeon Enhancement DOE/BP 363.  
Columbia River White Sturgeon - Early Life History & Genetics Study DOE/BP 18952-1.  
Columbia River White Sturgeon Population Genetics & Early Life History Study DOE/BP 18952-2.  
Columbia River White Sturgeon Genetics & Early Life History:  Population Segregation & Juvenile Feeding Behavior DOE/BP 18952-3

Results:
Some impact of dam operation on white sturgeon were determined.  The results will be used to develop sturgeon protection, mitigation, and enhancement measures. Early life history requirement will be used by managers to assess availability of sturgeon habitat.  Genetic distinctions will be used by managers to select the right stocks for enhancement programs.

ProjectShortDescription:
Investigation of the responses of young sturgeon to changes in temperature.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Investigation of the responses of young sturgeon to changes in temperature, flow, etc. Study of potential for artificial propagation and genetic distinction between populations.

ProjectBackground:
The construction and operation of the Columbia River hydroelectric facilities have altered the habitat and behavior of white sturgeon.  A multi-year study is necessary for proper management of the species and its environment.

LongTitle:
Columbia River White Sturgeon Early Life History Requirements and Genetics Study


Milestones:
Juvenile salmon monitoring systems have been installed and evaluated at Lower Granite, Little Goose, McNary, and Prosser Dams.  In 1986, an adult PIT tag monitor was installed at Lower Granite. This project has been cost-shared with NMFS and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Milestones/dates to end of the project: 1) Continue to develop an interrogation system that separates fish by tag code, thus reducing fish handling and enabling tagged fish to be directed as desired by investigators. 2) Continue to work on the development of an extended read-range PIT-tag interrogation system for use with both juvenile and adult fish. 3) Evaluate the feasibility of a pass-by (flat-plate) volitional tag interrogation system for small streams, fish collection channels, wet-separators, over fall wears, and vertical slots in adult fish ladders. 4) Evaluate the feasibility of converting the present PIT-tag system used in the CRB to a system that is compatible with other manufacturers' PIT tags and interrogation equipment (ISO based system). 5) Interface with stakeholders to ensure the effective transfer of research products to operational products. 6) Complete studies directed at determining if there is an effect on the early life history of fish exposed to the electromagnetic field of the PIT-tag's interrogation system. 7)  Develop with BPA both project management and program management plans that allow for effective decision making, effective definition of long term objectives and performance standards.

Publications:
Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System DOE/BP 11982-1;   
Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System DOE/BP 11982-2;   
Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System[1986-1987] DOE/BP 11982-3;   
Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System DOE/BP 11982-4;   
Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System(1990-1993) DOE/BP 11982-5;   
Biological Feasibility of a New Fish Tagging System DOE/BP  48
Brannas, E., H. Lundqvist, E. Prentice, M. Schmitz, k. Brannas, and B. Wiklund.1994.  Use of the passive integrated transponder (PIT) in a fish identification and monitoring system for fish behavior studies.  Trans. of the Am.  Fish.  Soc. 123:395-401.
Flagg, T.A., and E. F. Prentice. 1988.  The PIT tag system and its suitability in Sockeye salmon.  Sockeye culture workshop, Ketchikan, Alaska.  Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game. p 8.
Maynard, D. J., D. A. Frost, F. W. Waknitz, and E. F. Prentice. 1996.  The vulnerability of marked age-0 steelhead to a visual predator.  Trans.  Am.  Fish.  Soc. 125:330-333.
McCutcheon, C.S, E.F. Prentice, and D.L. Park. 1994.  Passive Monitoring of Migrating Adult Steelhead with PIT Tags.  N. American J. Fish.  Mang. 14:220-223.
Peterson, N. P., E. F. Prentice, and T. P. Quinn. 1994.  Comparison of Sequential coded wire and passive integrated transponder tags for assessing overwinter growth and survival of juvenile coho salmon.  N. Am.  J. of Fish.  Man. 14:870-873.
Prentice, E. F. 1990.  A new internal telemetry tag for fish and crustaceans.  NOAA Technical Report NMFS 85.  Proceedings Fifteenth U.S.-Japan Meetings on Aquaculture.  Albert Sparks (editor). p 9.
Prentice.  E. F., T. A. Flagg, and C. S. McCutcheon. 1987.  A study to determine the biological feasibility of a new fish tagging system.  Report to Bonneville Power Administration, Contract DE-179-83BPII982, 109 p. plus Appendixes. (Available from Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112-2097.)
Prentice, E. F., T. A. Flagg, and C. McCutcheon. 1990.  Feasibility of using implantable passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in salmonids.  Am.  Fish.  Soc.  Symp. 7:317-322.
Prentice, E. F., T. A. Flagg, C. McCutcheon and D. Brastow. 1990.  PIT-tag monitoring systems for hydroelectric dams and fish hatcheries.  Am.  Fish.  Soc.  Symp. 7:323-334.
Prentice, E. F., T. A. Flagg, C. McCutcheon, D. Brastow and D. Cross. 1990.  Equipment, methods, and an automated data-entry station for PIT tagging.  Am.  Fish.  Soc.  Symp. 7:323-334.
Prentice.  E. F., D. Maynard, S.L. Downing, D. A. Frost, M. S. Kellett, D. A. Bruland, P. SparksMcConkey, F. W. Waknitz, R. N. Iwamoto, K. McIntyre, and N. Paasch. 1994.  A study to determine the biological feasibility of a new fish tagging system, 1990-93.  Report to Bonneville Power Administration, Contract DE-179-83BPII982.
Prentice, E. F. and D. L. Park. 1984.  A study to determine the biological feasibility of a new fish tagging system.  Report to Bonneville Power Administration, Contract DE-AI79-83BPII982, 38 p. plus Appendix.
Prentice, E. F., D. L. Park, T. A. Flagg, and C. S. McCutcheon. 1986.  A study to determine the biological feasibility of a new fish tagging system.  Report to Bonneville Power Administration, Contract DE-179-83BPII982, 79 p. plus Appendixes.
Prentice, E. F., C. W. Sims, and D. L. Park. 1985.  A study to determine the biological feasibility of a new fish tagging system.  Report to Bonneville Power Administration, Contract DE- I 79-83BP 1 1982, 34 p. plus Appendixes.

Results:
The research and development effort of this project has and will continue to result in products that: aid stakeholders in assessing the effectiveness of various actions taken to enhance the survival of juvenile and adult salmonids.  This research will provide alternative approaches that will enable fishery researchers and managers to address previously unanswered questions, and to provide accurate reliable data in near real time thus enabling effective decisions to be made regarding actions taken or to be taken.  This data will aid stakeholders in obtaining information required for the management of multiple species in a variety of habitats.  The data can be used in genetic, physiology, behavior, and broodstock research efforts as related to stock restoration efforts. It also can also be used in evaluating the effectiveness of restoration efforts directed at threatened or endangered species as listed under ESA.  This data can also be used in obtaining survival and migration timing information on stocks of interest or of provide accurate and timely data for evaluating water management strategies and fish passage and collection facilities.  This information will aid all stakeholders by providing data needed for the management and restoration of salmonid and other fish stocks.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the biological and technical feasibility of using PIT-tag technology to passively obtain information on juvenile and adult salmonids and  develop ancillary equipment to expand the PIT-tag system's capabilities of meeting this objective.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the biological and technical feasibility of using PIT-tag technology to passively obtain information on juvenile and adult salmonids. Develop ancillary equipment to expand the PIT-tag system's capabilities of meeting this objective.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this study is to develop, operate, and maintain the passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag, a tool for studying migrations, timing, and survival of salmonids throughout their lives.  The PIT tag enables sampling of  individual fish, with minimal handling, throughout their movements through the system.  The PIT tag enables determination of travel times, survival, and site specific problems--information that is often unavailable from existing techniques.  BPA initiated a contract with NMFS in 1983 to determine the technical and biological feasibility of applying PIT tag and associated technology to fishery problems in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) migration corridor.  NMFS designed, evaluated, and implemented such a system using a 400 kHz frequency PIT tag system.  The system enables data to be collected on individual juvenile salmonids, at selected locations within the CRB, in near real time without the fish being handled.  This work represents the continuation of several research projects and the start of new research that address the feasibility of a 134.2 kHz International Standards Organization (ISO) tag and associated technology that can be used to identify both smolts and adult salmon and the development of ancillary equipment.  The continued development of the PIT-tag and ancillary equipment will further expand the systems capabilities to address issues expressed in both the Biological opinion for Operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System and the proposed Snake River Recovery Plan (examples are 2.1.D., 2.3.b.4, 2.4.a, 2.6.c.2, and 2.9.d).

LongTitle:
New Marking & Monitoring Techniques for Fish (PIT-TAG system)


Milestones:
Purchase of Dual FDX-B Stationary Transceiver System, various sizes and configurations

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate and procure commercially available PIT tag monitoring and associated equipment needed to develop the data  that will be used to determine if NMFS BO and other Environmental Statute requirements are met.  This is essential for the  M&E monitoring of the status and condition of salmonids in the Columbia River system.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate and procure commercially available PIT tag monitoring and associated equipment needed to develop the data required to determine if NMFS BO and other Environmental Statute requirements are met.

ProjectBackground:
At times various equipment has been needed for the PIT Tag program.  This task within the overage project provided the funds to acquire and install fish monitoring equipment needed to generate those data and information required by BPA and the region to determine the effect of construction and operation of the Columbia River Power system.


ProjectTitle:
SMOLT CONDITION & ARRIVAL TIMING AT LWR GRANITE

Milestones:
Monitored the daily relative passage and condition of chinook salmon and steelhead trout arriving at the head of Lower Granite Reservoir during the 1992 spring outmigration using two migrant traps (i.e., Lewiston and Clearwater traps).   Summarized 1992 data in Annual Report which described the timing of arrival of the various groups of hatchery produced chinook and steelhead and wild steelhead smolts to the head of Lower Granite Reservoir and the travel time, minimum survival estimates, and migration rates of these groups through Lower Granite Reservoir.  Documented migration timing and rate through the Snake and Clearwater rivers and Snake River reservoirs through tagging juvenile salmon and steelhead captured through operations of the Snake, Clearwater, and Salmon River traps.  Provided daily fish capture and tagging data, as well as other environmental data to the Fish Passage Center (FPC) as input for in-season management decisions relative to operations of the FCRPS for fish protection, flow augmentation, facility power operations, and fish collection and transportation programs.

Publications:
Smolt Condition & Timing of Arrival At Lower Granite Reservoir DOE/BP 11631-1;   
Smolt Condition & Timing of Arrival At Lower Granite Reservoir DOE/BP 11631-2;   
Smolt Condition & Timing of Arrival At Lower Granite Reservoir DOE/BP 11631-3;  
Smolt Condition & Timing of Arrival At Lower Granite Reservoir DOE/BP 11631-4;   
Smolt Condition & Timing of Arrival At Lower Granite Reservoir DOE/BP 11631-4a;   
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-6;   
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-7;   
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-8;   
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-9;  
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-10;   
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-11;   
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir & Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 11631-12;   
Smolt Condition & Timing of Arrival at Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 253

Results:
Progress is measured by noting whether or not we are obtaining the necessary data.  An evaluation of the effectiveness of downstream migration protection actions is contained in the annual reports of the FPC.  The FPC reports analyze and synthesize the information from this project together with the information collected by all other SMP projects and other environmental information.  Progress is measured by comparing the results of these reports over the years.This effort provides data for investigating the relationships among river flows, travel time, smolt condition, and adult production of chinook salmon and steelhead trout produced in the Snake River system.  It also provides information on fish movement and run status of Snake River stocks of juvenile chinook salmon and steelhead trout that is used for in-season, operational decisions relative to Water Budget, facility power operations, and fish collection and fish transportation programs

ProjectShortDescription:
Operate fish traps; monitor migration timing, relative passage index and smolt condition; tag groups of juvenile chinook and steelhead to provide in-season travel time information from traps through Lower Granite and Little Goose reservoirs.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Operate fish traps; monitor migration timing, relative passage index and smolt condition; tag groups of juvenile chinook and steelhead to provide in-season travel time information through Lower Granite and Little Goose reservoirs.

ProjectBackground:
This is a component of the basinwide Smolt Monitoring Program, which is the basis of flow and passage management.  It was initiated in 1983 by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) who built and installed traps on Clearwater, Snake and Salmon Rivers. The original project title was: "Smolt Condition And Timing Of Arrival At Lower Granite Reservoir-Trap Construction And Installation." The Idaho Department of Fish & Game (IDFG) assumed work in 1984 and continues to operate traps as part of the annual coordinated regional Smolt Monitoring Program.The primary objective of this project is to provide information on the migrational characteristics of juvenile wild and hatchery salmon and steelhead  trout smolts prior to their arrival at Lower Granite Dam for Water Budget and   transportation management purposes.  Other objectives include:   1.  Document migration rate of juvenile chinook and sockeye salmon and steelhead trout through Lower Granite Reservoir utilizing fish PIT-tagged at the Snake, Clearwater, and Salmon River traps, and correlate migration rate with river discharge.   2.  Determine annual minimum survival or PIT-tag recovery rate at Lower Granite, Little Goose, and McNary Dams during the spring outmigration for PIT-tagged spring/summer and Age 0+ chinook salmon, hatchery, and wild steelhead, and evaluate the relation between PIT-tag recovery rate and environmental factors such as discharge and temperature.   3.  Provide an interrogation site for PIT-tagged smolts, marked on other projects, at the end of their migration in a riverine environment and the beginning of their migration in a reservoir environment.   4.  PIT-tag all Age 0+ chinook salmon collected at the traps and determine migration rate and minimum survival through Lower Granite Dam.   5.  Evaluate timing of returning adult wild and natural steelhead crossing Lower Granite Dam.

ShortTitle:
MONITOR SMOLTS  - LOWER GRANITE DAM & RESERVOIR

LongTitle:
Smolt Monitoring at the Head of Lower Granite Reservoir and Lower Granite Dam


Milestones:
BPA consolidated all support for salmon and steelhead stock assessment studies for the Columbia Basin the States of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho within this single proposal.  ODFW subcontracted portions of this proposal to WDF, and WDG, and IDFG.  In the first  year of this project, ODFW identified the salmon and steelhead stocks and substocks currently found in Oregon's portion of the Columbia Basin and summarized available information, their individual characteristics and life histories.  Similarly, WDF, WDG, and IDFG were responsible for salmon and steelhead stocks occurring in Washington and Idaho's portion of the Columbia Basin.  ODFW completed the stock assessment in 1985..

Publications:
Stock Assessment of Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids Volume I:  Chinook, Coho, Chum, & Sockeye Salmon Stocks Summaries12737-1.  
Stock Assessment of Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids: Volume II:  Steelhead Stock Summaries Stock Transfer Guidelines - Information Needs12737-2

Results:
These stock assessment reports will be used extensively to evaluate individual anadromous fish stocks.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assessment of Columbia Basin wild and hatchery salmonids to determine their suitability for present and future mitigation and enhancement programs.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assessment of Columbia Basin wild and hatchery salmonids to determine their suitability for present and future mitigation and enhancement programs. ODFW, WDF,WDG, and IDFG participated.

ProjectBackground:
A multi-agency stock assessment for Columbia Basin wild hatchery salmon and  steelhead was required to determine their suitability for present and future  mitigation and enhancement programs.

LongTitle:
Stock Assessment of Columbia River Anadromous Salmonids


Milestones:
Designed and  constructed a fish passage facility providing fish access to more than 23 miles of potential spawning and rearing habitat.  ODFW engineers developed a preliminary and final construction design for the facility, which was completed in FY 1986.

Results:
Fish passage around barrier in the West Fork of Hood River was accomplished. Such access could double the production potential of spring and fall Chinook and summer steelhead in this river.

ProjectShortDescription:
Design and construction of a fish passage facility at a waterfall on the West Fork of Hood River to allow fish access to additional spawning and rearing habitat.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Design and construction of a fish passage facility at a waterfall on the West Fork of Hood River to allow fish access to 23 miles of  potential spawning and rearing habitat.

ProjectBackground:
A natural waterfall located on the West Fork of the Hood River impeded the migration of adult salmon and steelhead to potential spawning areas.  The falls were a natural barrier, unrelated to hydroelectric development and operation, where passage could be significantly improved.


Milestones:
Tribal  biologists evaluated potential artificial propagation sites on reservation and U.S. Forest Service lands.  Study results, which define siting  and preliminary designs, have been coordinated with the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.  A master plan has been approved by the Northwest Power Planning Council in FY 1992, and BPA initiated an environmental analysis.

Publications:
Monitoring and Evaluation Plan for the Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery DOE/BP 36809-2.  See also the following unpublished studies                                                 1984:  Feasibility Study by CH2-M Hill. 
1992:  Master Plan Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery
1992:  Genetic Risk Assessment Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery Master Plan.
1994:  Draft Monitoring & Evaluation Plan
1994:  Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery Predesign Study.
1995:  Selway Genetic Resource Assessment
1995:  Supplement to Master Plan
1996:  Broodstock Management Plan (in progress).
1996:  Final Monitoring and Evaluation Plan (in progress).
1996:  NEPA Environmental Assessment and Record of Decision (in progress).

Results:
Plans for the Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Design and construct  hatchery  supplementation facilities for the Nez Perce Tribe to assist in recovery and restoration of spring, summer, and fall chinook in the Clearwater subbasin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine potential sites and plans for salmonid  supplementation facilities for the Nez Perce Tribe to assist in recovery and restoration of spring, summer, and fall chinook in the Clearwater subbasin.

ProjectBackground:
The Nez Perce Reservation salmon and steelhead fishery was severely affected by  the development and operation of the hydroelectric system.  The Nez Perce Tribe seeks to reestablish the fishery through construction of facilities for spawning, incubation, and rearing of spring Chinook and steelhead..


ProjectTitle:
FINAL DESIGN - NEZ PERCE TRIBAL HATCHERY

ShortTitle:
FINAL DESIGN - NEZ PERCE TRIBAL HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Nez Perce Tribe Hatchery Program, Design Services


ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - NEZ PERCE TRIBAL HATCHERY NEPA


Milestones:
Participants developed a compendium of low cost production facilities in the Columbia Basin.  Site reviews were conducted.  A range of systems, equipment, and technology were identified and listed through discussions with operating tribes and fish and wildlife agencies.  Facility descriptions included  illustrations and photographs, estimated costs and available vendors, and all previous economic and biological evaluations.  Limitations for permits were also provided.  The compendium was designed to aid fishery managers in  choosing appropriate production systems, and estimating the cost of constructing low technology systems for a range of production quotas.

Publications:
Compendium of Low-Cost Pacific Salmon & Steelhead Trout Production Facilities & Practices in the Pacific Northwest DOE/BP 365

Results:
Compendium of low cost production facilities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce a compendium of low cost production facilities in the Columbia Basin. Develop  generalized designs for low cost hatchery facilities

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce a compendium of low cost salmonid production facilities in the Columbia Basin. Develop  generalized designs for low cost hatchery facilities.

ProjectBackground:
There was a need for information on low cost production facilities especially in light of additional hatchery construction requests.

LongTitle:
Compendium of Low-Cost Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Production Facilities and Practices in the Pacific Northwest


ProjectTitle:
BEAR VALLEY / YANKEE FK / EAST FK HABITAT IMPR

Milestones:
Surveys were conducted on a number of Salmon River tributaries but enhancement work focused primarily on Bear Valley Creek with some effort on Yankee Fork.  The Shoshone-Bannock Tribes have completed alternative enhancement measures, such as arresting bank stabilization, lateral channel movement and sedimentation, and further habitat improvement.  Since the enhancement is unrelated to hydroelectric development or operation, benefits will be considered as offsite mitigation for mainstem losses from the  Federal Columbia River Power System facilities.  This agreement also includes implementation of 704 propagation measures such as Yankee Fork (providing for off-channel salmonid rearing) and East Fork Salmon River, over the period FY 1984-1992.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement - Idaho:  Salmon River Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 14383-1.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement - Idaho:  Salmon River Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 14383-2.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement - Idaho -  Salmon River Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 14383-3
Salmon River Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 14383-4.  
Salmon River Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 14383-5

Results:
Habitat improvement in Bear Valley Creek and  Yankee Fork.  Tributary stream evaluations.

ProjectShortDescription:
Conduct stream habitat inventory in the Salmon River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Conduct stream habitat inventory on over 30 streams in the upper Salmon River Basin and the upper Middle Fork. Enhancement work was begun on Yankee Fork and Bear Valley Creek.

ProjectBackground:
Fisheries have decreased on many of the tributaries of the upper Salmon River in Idaho for a variety of reasons in addition to dam construction and operation.  Bear Valley Creek and Yankee Fork  were valuable salmon and steelhead natural production areas which had been degraded by mining and dredging operations in the past.

ShortTitle:
BEAR VALLEY, YANKEE & EAST FORKS HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
Middle Fork and Upper Salmon River Habitat Evaluation; Enhancement of Bear Valley Creek and Yankee Fork Creek


ProjectTitle:
DEVEL OF RATIONS FOR ENHANCED SURVIVAL OF SALMON

Milestones:
The project developed a high-quality animal protein fish diet containing vacuum dried fish meal, and evaluated the effect of the diet on survival and return rate of Coho and Chinook salmon.  Preliminary data has shown that Coho and Chinook fed test rations grew similarly to fish fed the control diet.  Recovered coded-wire tags from Coho revealed significantly higher survival for fish fed test diets.  Chinook coded-wire tag recoveries to date show no correlation between hatchery diet and adult survival.  Coho returns were as of 1993.

Publications:
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 11888-1.  
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 11888-2.  
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 11888-3.  
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 11888-4.  
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 38372-1.  
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 38372-2.  
Development of Rations for the Enhanced Survival of Salmon DOE/BP 38372-3

Results:
Development of improved diet for salmonids at hatcheries.

ProjectShortDescription:
Development of high-quality animal protein diet for anadromous fish and determine its impact on salmon survival.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Development of high-quality animal protein diet for anadromous fish and determine its impact on salmon survival. The 5 year study demonstrated higher survival for Coho but no significant impact on Chinook.

ProjectBackground:
What a young salmon eats in its first months is believed to make a difference in its ability to survive during its migration.  The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife cooperated with the Oregon State University Seafood Laboratory in a 5-year study pertaining to hatchery diet..

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP RATIONS  FOR ENHANCED SURVIVAL OF SALMON

LongTitle:
Development of Rations for Enhanced Survival of Salmon


ProjectTitle:
EVALUATION OF A LOW-COST SALMON PRODUCTION FACIL

Milestones:
This project evaluated how much of this increase was due to the Young's Bay project and determined the effectiveness of various project components.  The Clatsop Economic Development Committee researchers reared, tagged, and released fall Chinook and Coho.  They evaluated the contribution of the Young's Bay project to the Bay's fish harvest.  Biologists determined the best density level for juvenile fish reared in a  hatchery and compared the quality of fish produced in a natural pond environment with those reared in concrete hatchery troughs and ponds.  Clatsop  Economic Development Committee researchers also assessed the applicability to other low-cost salmon production facilities in the Columbia Basin, and explored the potential of community involvement in such projects. This 6 year study was completed in 1988.

Publications:
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Salmon Production Facility DOE/BP 11887-1.  
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Salmon Production Facility DOE/BP 11887-2.  
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Salmon Production Facility DOE/BP 11887-3.  
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Salmon Production Facility DOE/BP 11887-4.  
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Salmon Production Facility DOE/BP 11887-5

Results:
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the Youngs Bay Salmon Project

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate the Young's Bay low-cost salmon enhancement and production project as a possible model for similar efforts elsewhere.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate the highly successful low-cost salmomon enhancement and production project in Young's Bay at the mouth of the Columbia as a possible model for similar efforts elsewhere.

ProjectBackground:
In 1976, the Clatsop Economic Development Committee began a low-cost salmon enhancement project in Young's Bay.  Before the project was initiated,  fishermen caught fewer than 100 adult fall Chinook salmon in Young's Bay. From 1980 to 1982 the catch averaged 5,500 a year.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE LOW-COST SALMON PRODUCTION FACILITIES

LongTitle:
Evaluation of a Low-Cost Salmon Production Facility at Young's Bay


ProjectTitle:
DESCHUTES RIVER SPAWNING GRAVEL STUDY AND PLAN

Milestones:
This research project determined the quantity, quality, and distribution of spawning gravel habitat in the Deschutes.  The study compared the results to a 1965  study, and developed a substrate habitat enhancement plan.  The project was completed in FY 1985.

Publications:
Deschutes River Spawning Gravel Study Volume I DOE/BP 13101-1.  
Deschutes River Spawning Gravel Study Volume II:  Appendices DOE/BP 13101-2

Results:
Knowledge of spawning gravel changes in the Deschutes River.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determination of quality of spawning gravels in the Deschutes River below Pelton Dam and their distribution.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determination of quality of spawning gravels in the Deschutes River below Pelton Dam and their distribution.

ProjectBackground:
The project is offsite mitigation for mainstem  fishery losses from the Federal Columbia River Power System facilities.

LongTitle:
Deschutes River Spawning Gravel Degradation Study and Rehabilitation Plan


ProjectTitle:
MURDERERS CREEK / DEER CREEK FISH HABITAT

Milestones:
During this project, workers installed log weirs and  placed boulders to increase and improve the quality of pool habitat..

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume I - Oregon DOE/BP 243

Results:
Increase total steelhead smolt habitat capability by approximately 300 percent

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of log weirs and rock placements to increase and improve the quality of pool habitat in tributaries of the South Fork of the John Day River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of log weirs and rock placements to increase and improve the quality of pool habitat in 3 tributaries (Murderers, Deer, & Tex Creeks) of the South Fork of the John Day River.

ProjectBackground:
Stream surveys conducted by Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife in 1960 and  the Forest Service in 1981 indicate that pool habitat for rearing juvenile  salmonids and summer steelhead was limiting in Murderers and Deer Creeks.

ShortTitle:
MURDERERS / DEER CREEKS HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

LongTitle:
Murderers Creek and Deer Creek Fisheries Habitat Improvement


ProjectTitle:
FISH CREEK / WASH CREEK HABITAT ENHANCEMENT

Milestones:
Fourteen boulder berms  were constructed for spawning habitat, a 700-foot pipe was laid to divert water into a pond for rearing Coho salmon, an outlet was constructed allowing fish access for the pond, and planting was done in selected riparian sites.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume I - Oregon:  Supplement A: Evaluation of Fisheries [Habitat] Enhancement Projects on Fish Creek and Wash Creek DOE/BP 244

Results:
Increased salmonid habitat in Fish Creek and increased potential for natural production.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of habitat improvement devices to increase and improve spawning and rearing habitat for natural salmonids in tributaries of the Clackamas River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of habitat improvement devices to increase and improve spawning and rearing habitat for natural salmonids in the Fish Creek tributary system of the Clackamas River.

ProjectBackground:
The Fish and Wash Creeks habitat improvement project was a five-year effort to maximize the natural production of spring Chinook, Coho salmon, and summer and winter steelhead trout, and to evaluate habitat change and smolt production as a result of habitat improvement in the Fish Creek drainage.  The objectives of the project were:  (1) to increase the amount of quality rearing  habitat for Coho salmon in lower Fish Creek; (2) to increase the quantity of spawning habitat for summer and winter steelhead trout in lower Wash Creek and  for Chinook salmon in lower Fish Creek; and (3) to increase stream surface shading and bank cover in selected riparian sites.

LongTitle:
Fish and Wash Creeks Natural Propagation, Habitat Improvement and Evaluation


ProjectShortDescription:
The project to improve the fishery habitat of the Lake Branch Creek of the Hood River watershed was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
The project to improve the fishery habitat of the Lake Branch Creek of the Hood River watershed was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

LongTitle:
Lake Branch Creek (Hood River Watershed) Habitat Improvement


ProjectTitle:
PEAVINE CREEK SPAWNING HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

Milestones:
Activities such as fencing, planting, and instream channel structures were initiated on 6 miles of Peavine Creek.

Results:
These efforts will, within 10 years, mitigate adverse impacts and result in optimum steelhead spawning and rearing habitat on 6 miles of stream. Estimated annual increases in total habitat capability resulting from this work and with existing downstream passage problems is 5,400 steelhead smolts or about 102 spawning adults.

ProjectShortDescription:
Instream work and riparian fencing and planting to improve steelhead spawning and rearing habitat Peavine Creek in the Grande Ronde River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Instream structural work and riparian fencing and planting to improve steelhead spawning and rearing habitat Peavine Creek in the Grande Ronde River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Optimum rearing habitat for natural runs of summer steelhead was limited in  Peavine Creek (a smaller-sized tributary system within the Grande Ronde drainage) due to the lack of streamside cover resulting in high summertime  water temperatures.


ProjectTitle:
CLEAR CREEK / GRANITE CREEK HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

Milestones:
Project activities consisted of screening gravel from gold dredge tailings and placing it in 138 spawning sites.  The results of increased spawning areas will be less crowding of spring Chinook redds, increased survival of deposited eggs, and an increase in the number of fry  available so that adequate seeding of the increased rearing area would occur.

Results:
Improved spawning and spawning habitat in Clear and Granite Creeks.

ProjectShortDescription:
Create spawning gravel sites in streams several degraded by dredging in Granite and Clear Creek, John Day River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Create spawning gravel sites in areas severely degraded by dredging in Granite and Clear Creeks, John Day River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Dredging operations on Granite and Clear Creeks between 1920-1954, removed  major portions of spawning gravel and completely altered the natural hydrology  of these streams.

ShortTitle:
CLEAR / GRANITE CREEKS HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

LongTitle:
Clear and Granite Creeks Anadromous Fish Habitat Improvement


Milestones:
Project activities consisted of constructing side channels to the North Fork John Day River, placing boulders in the side channels and main river, and constructing boulder weirs in the side channels.

Results:
Improved rearing habitat with potential of increased anadromous fish survival from egg to smolt.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of side channels along the North Fork of the John Day River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of side channels along the North Fork of the John Day River to improve rearing habitat.

ProjectBackground:
Degradation by gold dredging activities between 1939-1950 changed the natural channel course and hydrology of the North Fork John Day River.  The anadromous fish rearing habitat had not recovered from the impacts of this dredging.

LongTitle:
North Fork John Day River Anadromous Fish Habitat Improvement


ProjectTitle:
PRIEST RAPIDS SUMMER MIGRATION MONITORING

Milestones:
This project provided funds to extend spring Hydroacoustic monitoring of downstream migrations of Columbia River juvenile salmonids, already funded by Grant County PUD at Priest Rapids Dam (1983 and 1985) and Wanapum Dam (1985), to monitor the timing and magnitude of summer migrants, especially summer Chinook stocks.

Publications:
Hydroacoustic Monitoring of [Downstream] Migrant Salmon & Steelhead at Wells Dam Spring 1984 DOE/BP 364

Results:
Project benefits included: (1)  information useful for determining the  duration of systematic spills necessary for improving survival of late summer Columbia River juvenile salmonid migrants; (2)  estimates of the timing and magnitude of the downstream movements of juvenile salmonid summer migrants past Priest Rapids and Wanapum Dams (3) improved understanding on the effectiveness of spill at Priest Rapids and Wanapum Dams.The collected information had regional applications for implementation of spill programs and installation of bypass to improve the survival of downstream juvenile salmonid migrants.

ProjectShortDescription:
Monitoring and evaluating the timing and magnitude of summer salmonid migration and the effectiveness of the spill at Priest Rapids and Wanapum Dams in facilitating this migration.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Monitoring and evaluating the timing and magnitude of summer salmonid migration and the effectiveness of the spill at Priest Rapids and Wanapum Dams in facilitating this migration.

ProjectBackground:
The primary objective of this project was to estimate the effectiveness of spill in passing downstream migrants around turbine units at Priest Rapids and Wanapum Dams.  Sub-objectives included determining horizontal distribution, vertical distribution, and periodicity of juvenile Chinook migrant movement at the powerhouses.

ShortTitle:
PRIEST RAPIDS SUMMER MIGRATION MONITORING

LongTitle:
Monitoring Juvenile Salmonid Migration At Priest Rapids Dam


ProjectTitle:
ALTURAS LAKE CREEK FLOW AUGMENTATION           C/O

Milestones:
This project acquired minimum streamflows for Alturas Lake Creek and the Salmon River by the purchase of the 2,201 acre Busterback Ranch and its water rights. The project was completed in 1992. U. S. Forest Service administers this property, under a memorandum of interagency agreement signed in spring 1992 by USFS and BPA.   USFS paid most of the purchase price for the property.  BPA contributed $769,000 toward the purchase price of $3,200,000.  Our contribution was for water rights appurtenant to the property.  The Forest Service transferred $2,431,000 to BPA, which we disbursed to a title company along with our $769,000 to accomplish the closing.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement, Volume II:  Idaho DOE/BP 587.  
 Alturas Lake Creek Flow Augmentation DOE/BP 62661-1

Results:
More water flowing in appropriate seasons in Alturas Lake Creek and the Salmon River.

ProjectShortDescription:
Acquistion of minium streamflows for Alturas Lake Creek and Salmon River.  The purchase of Busterback Ranch and its water rights was the major tool in this effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Acquistion of minium streamflows for Alturas Lake Creek and Salmon River. The purchase of the 2,201 acre Busterback Ranch and its water rights was the major tool in this effort.  The USFS bought the land and BPa bught the water rights

ProjectBackground:
Alturas Lake Creek, a tributary to the Salmon River in Idaho, was historically a prime stream for salmon production but has been degraded by inadequate flows.  Increased streamflow would make it possible for fish to reach suitable  upstream spawning habitat, and would increase both the quantity and quality of  spawning and rearing habitat for Chinook below the diversion dam, increasing the production of Chinook and sockeye salmon.  Because the inadequate streamflows are unrelated to hydroelectric development and operation, fishery benefits will be considered as offsite mitigation of mainstem losses from the Federal Columbia River Power System facilities.

ShortTitle:
INCREASE ALTURAS LAKE CR FLOW /  BUSTERBACK RANCH

LongTitle:
Alturas Lake Creek and Upper Salmon River Passage -- Busterback Ranch Purchase


ProjectTitle:
POLE CREEK IRRIGATION DIVERSION SCREENING

Milestones:
Bonneville Power Administration in concurrence with the Sawtooth National Forest, and Idaho Department of Fish and Game, signed a contract in April 1983  to design, construct and install a screen for the diversion at a cost not to exceed $29,725.  The project was completed in 1983 with the screen installed before the irrigating season in 1984.

Results:
Surveys have estimated that the area above the Pole Creek diversion is capable of supporting 937 Chinook spawners and 563 steelhead spawners.  An estimated 25 percent of the juveniles produced by these spawners would have been lost in the diversion before the screen was installed, this represents an annual loss of up to 234 Chinook and  141 steelhead.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of a screen on an irrigation diversion in Stanley Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of a screen at an irrigation diversion on Pole Creek, a Salmon River tributary in Stanley Basin and a change in the method of irrigation allowing some water to remain in the stream.

ProjectBackground:
Chinook salmon and steelhead trout production in Pole Creek, a tributary to the Salmon River near Sawtooth City, Idaho, has for many years been limited by  irrigation diversions.  Flood type irrigation resulted in the removal of 63.6 cfs from seven points along the stream, this left the mouth of  Pole Creek de-watered during most of the irrigation season.  In 1982 the mode of irrigation of the lands adjacent to Pole Creek changed from "flood" to "overhead sprinkler."  The new irrigation system requires only 12-18 cfs drawn from one point, as compared to the previous method.

ShortTitle:
POLE CREEK IRRIGATION DIVERSION SCREENING

LongTitle:
Pole Creek Irrigation Diversion Screening


ProjectTitle:
TROUT CREEK NATURAL PROPAGATION ENHANCEMENT

Milestones:
A survey of Trout Creek and its  major tributaries was conducted and a technical plan developed.

Results:
Plans for habitat improvement in Trout Creek

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical planning and recommendations; NEPA studies of the Trout Creek habitat rehabilitation project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical planning and recommendations for the Trout Creek habitat improvement effort. NEPA studies of the Trout Creek habitat rehabilitation project. Coordination with landowners.

ProjectBackground:
Salmon and steelhead are two of the most abundant and valuable fish in Trout Creek.  Migratory fish populations in Trout Creek are substantially limited by several factors.  Water withdrawals for irrigation and stream channelization, have resulted in low summer flow, high water temperatures, unstable streambanks, and few spawning pools.  Vegetative cover has been lost to overgrazing and rearing habitat.  Rehabilitation of Trout Creek is considered offsite mitigation for fish losses which occur on the mainstem Columbia River. The first step, this project included an inventory of the Trout Creek Basin and create a technical work plan.  Later step included coordination of interested parties, NEPA,(Project 8400700) and implementation (Project 8406200).


ProjectTitle:
SURVEY OF HATCHERY PRODUCTION IN COLUMBIA RIVER

Milestones:
The first phase was compiling, analyzing, and reporting pertinent data.  Data included number of facilities, facility condition,  water availability, water quality, number and species of fish reared as well as current operational plans, costs, and potential for expansion.  The data was analyzed for hatchery reprogramming potential and to provide a data archive for future reference.  Work continued to adjust the material collected to meet the use for selecting the best options for salmon and steelhead artificial production.  The analysis and archive will provide a basis for selecting the best options for steelhead and salmon artificial  production.  The project was completed as 84-51.

ProjectShortDescription:
Compiling and analyzing data (i.e. condition) pertaining to anadramous hatcheries of the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Compiling and analyzing data (i.e. conditions) pertaining to anadramous hatcheries of the Columbia River Basin. Project was completed as 8405100.

ProjectBackground:
Data were needed on existing hatcheries and potential hatchery sites in the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
SURVEY HATCHERY PRODUCTION IN COLUMBIA BASIN

LongTitle:
Survey of Hatchery Production in the Columbia River Basin


ProjectTitle:
INVEST PROCESS FOR REGIS OF SQUOXIN FOR SQWFSH C

Milestones:
BPA retained a consulting firm to study the use of squoxin, a  pesticide specific to squawfish.  The firm compiled information on the  chemistry and toxicology of squoxin, the Federal requirements for pesticide registration, and the process for the registration of this pesticide with the Environmental Protection Agency.  This information can be used to determine the applicability and value of squoxin in protecting salmon and steelhead populations during the early life history stages.

Publications:
Investigation of the Process for Registration of Squoxin for Control of Squawfish DOE/BP 380

Results:
Applicability and value of squoxin in controlling squawfish.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study on the use of squoxin to control squawfish, a major predator of juvenile salmonids.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study on the use of squoxin to control squawfish, a major predator of juvenile salmonids.

ProjectBackground:
The squawfish is the primary resident fish predator of salmonid smolts in the Columbia River Basin.  They prey mainly on downstream migrating fish stunned or disoriented from encountering hydroelectric facilities.  Control measures needed to be studied.

ShortTitle:
INVESTIGATE PROCESS FOR REGISTRATION OF SQUOXIN

LongTitle:
Investigation of the Process for Registration of  Squoxin for Squawfish Control


Milestones:
Engineers modified the lower river channel to allow fall Chinook and summer steelhead to pass at low flows when blind channels, bedrock drops, and streamwide riffles impede passage.  A trench was blasted in the riverbed to connect channels, remove outcrops, and concentrate flows to allow fish to move up the trench to Three Mile Falls Dam.  Concrete weirs were also constructed to assist fish passage where rapid changes in riverbed elevations occurred.

Publications:
Channel Modification for Fish Passage on Umatilla River DOE/BP 61383.  
Channel Modification for Fish Passage on Umatilla River  -  Supplement to Final Report 1985 DOE/BP 61383-1

Results:
Improved passage of salmonids in the lower Umatilla River.

ProjectShortDescription:
Reconfiguration of the bedrock channel of the lower three miles of the Umatilla River to facilitate fish passage at times of low flows.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Reconfiguration of the bedrock channel of the lower three miles of the Umatilla River to facilitate fish passage at times of low flows.

ProjectBackground:
This project was undertaken to improve fish passage in the Lower Umatilla River from its confluence with the Columbia River upriver approximately three miles to Three Mile Falls Diversion Dam.

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Channel Modifications Below Three Mile Dam


ProjectTitle:
BONIFER / MINTHORN RELEASE & COLLECTION FACILITIES

Milestones:
Work on Minthorn and Bonifer Springs Juvenile Release and Adult Collection Facilities including operations and maintence.  Researched the success of these facilities.  Coded-wire tagged groups of acclimated and unacclimated juvenile steelhead, spring chinook, and fall chinook were released in the Umatilla Basin streams.   Survival and adult returned fish were compared between groups of acclimated and unacclimated fish.

Publications:
Operations of the Bonifer & Minthorn Springs Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facilities DOE/BP 17622-1;   
Operation, Maintenance, & Evaluation of the Bonifer & Minthorn Springs Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facilities DOE/BP 17622-2;   
Operation, Maintenance, & Evaluation of the Bonifer & Minthorn Springs Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facilities DOE/BP 17622-3;   
Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facility DOE/BP 17622-4;   
Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facility DOE/BP 17622-5;   
Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facility - Operation, Maintenance and Evaluation of the Bonifer and Minthorn Springs Juvenile and Adult Collection Facilities DOE/BP 17622-6;   
Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facility DOE/BP 17622-7;   
Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facility DOE/BP 17622-8;   
Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release & Adult Collection Facility DOE/BP 17622-9;

Results:
Maintenance of Bonifer Springs, Minthorn, and other acclimation facilities. Research data concerning the success of these faciities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Acclimate juvenile salmon and steelhead prior to release into the Umatilla River; collect, hold and spawn adult coho and chinook salmon and summer steelhead and provide eggs to Umatilla Hatchery for incubation, rearing and later release into the Umatilla River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Acclimate juvenile salmon and steelhead prior to release into the Umatilla River; collect, hold and spawn adult coho, chinook salmon and summer steelhead to provide eggs for Umatilla Hatchery for incubation, rearing and release into the Umatilla River.

ProjectBackground:
Originally this project forcused on one acclimation facility as an early project title indicates: "Minthorn Springs Creek Summer Juvenile Release And Adult Collection Facility."  Later it was expanded to include Bonifer and other sites.  The scope of the project was expanded to include data gathering, and operations and maintenance at the sites. By 1997 the project was being designated only as "Umatilla Hatchery Satellite Facilities O&M."

ShortTitle:
BONIFER / MINTHORN RELEASE & COLLECTION FACILITIES

LongTitle:
Umatilla Hatchery Satellite Facilities (Bonifer, Minthorn, etc.) Evaluation Operations & Maintenance


Milestones:
USBR designed and constructed facilities to improve passage at 5 diversions on the Umatilla.  At Three-Mile Diversion Dam facilities included: rightbank ladder and adult trap (completed 1988), leftbank ladder, canal screens, and juvenile trap. These were completed in the summer of 1989. Other projects included Maxwell Canal Diversion, Westland Diversion, Feed Canal Diversion, and Stanfield Diversion.  Screen and ladders, etc. were constructed at the appropriate sites.

Publications:
Fish Passage Improvements at Three-Mile Falls -  Diversion Dam, Umatilla River Oregon DOE/BP 17463

Results:
Improved salmonid passage at diversion dams on the Umatilla River.  Operations and Maintenance of fish passage facilities at Umatilla River diversion dams.

ProjectShortDescription:
Operate and maintain  passage facilities at 5 irrigation diversion sites: Three Mile Dam and WEID Canal screens, Maxwell Canal screens, Westland ladder and canal screens, Feed Canal ladder and canal screens, Stanfield ladder and canal screens.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Operate and maintain  passage facilities at 5 irrigation diversion sites: Three Mile Dam and WEID Canal screens, Maxwell Canal screens, Westland ladder and canal screens, Feed Canal ladder and canal screens, Stanfield ladder and canal screens.

ProjectBackground:
Diversion dams on the Umatilla River beginning at Three-Mile Diversion Dam posed significant passage difficulties for both upstream and downstream migrant salmonids. Orignally this project addressed just passage at Three-Mile Dam as an early title indicates: "Fish Passage Improvements At Three Mile Falls Diversion Dam, Umatilla River."  After the construction at the dam the project was used for operations and maintenance of the site.  Eventually it became an operations and maintenance project for work completed at four other diversion dams on the river.

LongTitle:
Operations and Maintenance of Fish Passage Facilities, Umatilla Diversion Dams


Milestones:
The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife attempted to collect adult Coho salmon at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River and hold them at Wallowa Hatchery until they matured and spawned.   The juveniles were to be reared to smolt size at Wallowa hatchery, coded-wire tagged, and released.  When these tagged fish returned as adults, they were collected at Wallowa and Ice Harbor.  The brood stock was to be used to increase the Coho  salmon production in the Grande Ronde River basin through supplementation of the offsite mitigation projects.  However, few if any fish returned so the plan failed.

Results:
The project was terminated due to insufficient numbers of returning fish.

ProjectShortDescription:
An attempt to increase Snake River coho by capturing a brood stock in order to increase the numbers of returning Idaho salmon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
At attempt to increase Snake River coho by capturing a brood stock in order to increase the numbers of returning  salmon for Idaho and the Grande Ronde - Imnaha in Oregon.  The project was terminated due to insufficient numbers of returning fish.

ProjectBackground:
Coho salmon stocks were depleted in upriver basins due to losses in the mainstem hydroelectric system.  It was hoped that this project would help restore Coho salmon populations by developing a native Coho brood stock (parent fish used for propagation).

LongTitle:
Coho Salmon Brood Stock Development for theSnake and  Grande Ronde Rivers


Milestones:
Ott Waters Engineers developed alternatives and prepared a preliminary passage design for passage at Tumwater Falls and Dryden Dams.  The contractor investigated various flow conditions and turbulence in the field in order to draw up practical fish passage designs.  The 1984 final report presented the passage method judged best for long-term success.  The report offered an assessment of the quantity and quality of salmon and steelhead habitat above the dams and an estimate of the area's smolt production potential.  Construction of the fish passage was projected for FY 1985-FY 1986.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume IIA - Washington:   Tumwater Falls & Dryden Dam Fish Passage DOE/BP 246

Results:
Plans for the passage at Tumwater Falls and Dryden Dams.

ProjectShortDescription:
Plan new fish passage structures at Tumwater Falls and Dryden Dams on the Wenatchee River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Planning new fish passage structures at Tumwater Falls and Dryden Dams on the Wenatchee River. See also Projects 8505200, 8505300, 8508600, and 9201500.

ProjectBackground:
Biologists requested new fish passage structures at Tumwater Falls and Dryden Dams.  Those facilities would pass more salmon and steelhead upstream to historic spawning areas.

ShortTitle:
TUMWATER FALLS / DRYDEN DAMS PASSAGE PLANS

LongTitle:
Tumwater Falls and Dryden Dams Fish Passage


Milestones:
Under Phase I of this project, the U.S. Forest Service, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, and Ott Waters  Engineers worked in concert to investigate passage alternatives beyond the falls into new spawning and rearing areas.  The cost and benefits of various passage methods were determined at the falls, including an evaluation of the potential of the upstream habitat to produce salmon and steelhead.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume I - Oregon:  Supplement B: White River Falls Fish Passage DOE/BP 245.  
White River Falls Fish Passage Project, Volume I [of III]:  Final Technical Report DOE/BP 12910-1

Results:
It was determined that the cost of providing fish access around the White River Falls was excessive.  The White River and its tributaries already supported a thriving population of resident fish which would have been severely impacted given the introduction of salmonids.  Therefore, the project was terminated at the end of the study.

ProjectShortDescription:
Consideration of possible passage alternatives to circumvent White River Falls for introduction of salmonids into that system.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Consideration of possible passage alternatives to circumvent White River Falls for introduction of salmonids into that system. It was determined that both cost and potential impacts to resident fish were excessive and the project was ended with the study.

ProjectBackground:
The White River basin appeared to provide an opportunity to increase salmon and steelhead  production as offsite mitigation, but White River Falls formed a natural barrier to upstream fish migration..


ProjectTitle:
COLUMBIA RIVER CHINOOK / STEELHEAD STOCK ID

Milestones:
Each wild and hatchery stock (a unique species, strain, or race of fish) was characterized by Oregon State  University according to behavioral (i.e., run timing), physical (i.e., fecundity), and biochemical (i.e., multiple forms of various enzymes) characters.  Results were used as basis for selection of donor stocks for hatchery programs and wild population supplementation.

Publications:
Stock Identification of Columbia River Chinook Salmon & Steelhead Trout DOE/BP 13499-1.  
Stock Identification of Columbia River Chinook Salmon & Steelhead Trout DOE/BP 13499-2

Results:
Detailed characterization of different hatchery stocks.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identification and characterization of each wild and hatchery stock according to behavorial patterns.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identification and characterization of each wild and hatchery Chinook and steelhead stock according to behavorial patterns and biochemical characters.

ProjectBackground:
Stock identification was needed to protect the genetic integrity of Columbia River Chinook salmon and steelhead trout.

ShortTitle:
COLUMBIA CHINOOK & STEELHEAD STOCK IDENTIFICATION

LongTitle:
Stock Identification of Columbia River Chinook Salmon and Steelhead


ProjectTitle:
PAINTED ROCKS RESERVIOR WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Milestones:
The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks conducted a feasibility study of a water management plan for water releases at Painted Rock Reservoir in western  Montana.  In developing the plan, the Montana agency monitored many aspects of the Bitterroot River, including water temperature, stream discharge, and water quality.  The agency also analyzed the area's salmonid fish habitat, and monitored brown and rainbow trout spawning activities to define better trout population estimates and needs.  This project was completed in 1987.

Publications:
Evaluation of Management of Water Release for Painted Rocks Reservoir, Bitterroot River, Montana DOE/BP 13076.  
Evaluation of Management of Water Releases for Painted Rocks Reservoir, Bitterroot River, Montana DOE/BP 13076-1.  
Evaluation of Management of Water Releases for Painted Rocks Reservoir, Bitterroot River, Montana DOE/BP 13076-2

Results:
Improved water management at Painted Rock Reservoir for downstream resident fish.

ProjectShortDescription:
Developing a water management plan for water releases at Painted Rock Reservoir to facilitate trout spawning and production on the Bitterroot River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Developing a water management plan for water releases at Painted Rock Reservoir to facilitate trout spawning and production on the Bitterroot River.

ProjectBackground:
Trout spawning and production on the Bitterroot River, a tributary of the Clark's Fork of the Columbia River, was limited by low water levels in the summer.

ShortTitle:
PAINTED ROCKS RESERVIOR WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN

LongTitle:
Management Plan for  Water Releases at Painted Rocks Reservoir, Bitterroot River


ProjectTitle:
HUNGRY HORSE/CLARK FORK DAMS EFFECT ON WILDLIFE

Milestones:
Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks evaluated the effects from the development of Hungry Horse, Libby, and three Clark Fork Dams on wildlife and wildlife habitat.  In the first phase of the project, net losses of wildlife species, habitat types, and habitat acreage were estimated.  During the second phase mitigation plans were developed.

Publications:
Wildlife Impact Assessment & Mitigation Summary:  Montana Hydroelectric Projects; Volume I - Libby Dam DOE/BP 314.  
Wildlife Impact Assessment & Mitigation Summary:  Montana Hydroelectric Projects; Volume III - Hungry Horse Dam DOE/BP 313.  
Wildlife Impact Assessment & Mitigation Summary:  Montana Hydroelectric Projects; Volume IIA -Thompson Falls DOE/BP 316.  
Summary:  Montana Hydroelectric Projects; Volume IIB - Cabinet Gorge & Noxon Dams DOE/BP 315.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Mitigation Plan, Montana Hydroelectric Projects Volume I - Libby Dam DOE/BP 367.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Mitigation Plan, Montana Hydroelectric Projects Volume III - Hungry Horse Dam DOE/BP 366.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Mitigation Plan, Montana Hydroelectric Projects Volume IIB - Noxon Rapids Dams & Cabinet Gorge DOE/BP 11983-1

Results:
Recommendations for wildlife and wildlife habitat mitigation and enhancement opportunities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of the effects of Hungry Horse Dam and other Federal projects on the Clark Fork system on wildlife.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of the effects on wildlife of Hungry Horse, Noxon Rapids, Cabinet Gorge, and Thompson Falls Dams on the Clark Fork system.  Libby Dam's effect was also studied.  Mitigation plans for these losses were then developed.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of Hungry Horse and Libby Dams as well as the three Clark Fork Dams: Noxon Rapids, Cabinet Gorge, Thompson Falls destroyed much wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
HUNGRY HORSE & CLARK FORK DAMS' EFFECT ON WILDLIFE

LongTitle:
Evaluation of the Effects on Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Associated with Development of Hydroelectric Projects in Montana (Hungry Horse and Clark Fork Dams)


Milestones:
Investigators from the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks studied the effects of drawdowns (water releases for power generation, flood control, or other water management activities) on important game fish in the Hungry Horse reservoir.  Biologists evaluated changes in the distribution of fish, their use of various reservoir zones, and timing of alterations of each zone's physical parameters as they related to important  life stages of the fish. The study was completed in FY 1993.

Publications:
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir [Water] Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 12659-1.  
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir Water Levels Needed To Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 12659-2  
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 12659-3.  
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries - Appendices DOE/BP 12659-4.  
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir Water Level Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir, Fisheries - Methods & Data Summary:  1983-87 DOE/BP 12659-5.
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir Water Levels Needed To Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 312.    
Model Development to Establish Integrated Operational Rule Curves for Hungry Horse and Libby Reservoirs, Montana.  January 1996.  
Mitigation for Excessive Drawdowns at Hungry Horse and Libby Reservoirs.  MFWP and CSKT, 1993.  
Appendix K SOR EIS portions pertaining to Hungry Horse and Libby.  1996. 
Aquatic Modeling:  Hungry Horse Selective Withdrawal.  1995.

Results:
Better water management for resident fish in the reservoir.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate the impacts of drawdowns at Hungry Horse reservoir on important game fish in the various parts of their life cycle.  Develop/refine IRCs, maintain model code, modify program utilities and run simulations using the Montana reservoir models LRMOD and HRMOD.  Construct optimization programs to link IFIM river models with existing reservoir models.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate the impacts of drawdowns at Hungry Horse Reservoir on important game fish in the various parts of their life cycle. Utilize and develop reservoir and river models.

ProjectBackground:
Drawdowns at Hungry Horse appeared to impact resident fish in the reservoir.

ShortTitle:
HUNGRY HORSE RESERVOIR IMPACTS ON RESIDENT FISH

LongTitle:
Quantification of Hungry Horse Reservoir Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Resident Fisheries


Milestones:
In 1992/1993, reservoir productivity at various levels were studied.  Entrainment studies were continued.  Emphasis was on IFIM studies in Kootenai River to determine amount of flow from Libby Dam that would guarantee sturgeon spawning in river.  This work was coordinated with IDFG and the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho.Studies in the reservoir focused on areas of utilization of target fish-quantifying and the timing and significance of fish entrainment in Libby outflows. Emphasis was placed on kokanee.   In the river below the dam, utilization of specific habitats by rainbow and burbot was examined.The effect of the Libby Dam operation (including power-peaking) on benthic insect production, biomass, and diversity was determined.  Techniques used during this study were consistent with a study completed in 1983 so that results can be directly compared.  The University of Montana did the work.Other efforts included: 1.  Work on fish entrainment through the Libby Dam penstocks and effects of operations on the river fishery continued in FY 1994 and FY 1995 to increase utility of the reservoir model.  2.  Effects of stream fluctuations on burbot examined in FY 1994 and continue in FY 1995.   3.  IFIM studies were completed in Kootenai River below dam to determine spawning area available to sturgeon at various river flows.  Development of Integrated Rules Curves continues (FY 94 and 95) to balance all water uses in the Kootenai River system.  FY 94:  Spring and fall gill netting, kokanee spawner surveys, zooplankton monitoring, and spring and fall dual beam hydroacoustic surveys of the kokanee population were completed

Publications:
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 12660-1; 
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries,  Appendices DOE/BP 12660-2; 
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 12660-3; 
1985 Libby Reservoir Angler Census:  May 13-October 31, 1987 DOE/BP 12660-4; 
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 12660-5; 
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Levels needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries--Investigations of Fish Entrainment through Libby Dam, 1990-1994 DOE/BP 12660-6; 
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Water Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Reservoir Fisheries DOE/BP 296; 
Model Development to Establish Integrated Operational Rule Curves for Hungry Horse and Libby Reservoirs-Montana DOE/BP 92452-1          
Research Reports.  KTOI, IDFG and MFWP. (4)
 Effects of stream regulation on the macrozoobenthos of the Kootenai River.  Yellow Bay Biological Station (In Press 1996).

Results:
All objectives of the Libby Dam entrainment study have been completed.  Habitat preference data were collected for rainbow trout and mountain whitefish.  The reservoir model now includes a hydrologic component downstream to Duncan and Corra Linn dams.   Formed advisory group of anglers, other agencies, and citizens' groups to develop mitigation recommendations to the NPPC.  Completed reservoir component of Libby Reservoir model.  IFIM studies completed for sturgeon spawning habitat.  Spring 1995 - 1990-1994 Progress report includes summary of entrainment study and updates on river and reservoir work.

ProjectShortDescription:
Use Instream Flow Incremental Methodology Models and field techniques to relate hydraulic conditions in the Kootenai River to fish, habitat and food production requirements for riverine fish assemblages; link river model to existing reservoir model to balance hydro operations; examine options to mitigate the effects of Libby Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Use models & field techniques to relate Kootenai River hydraulic conditions to fish habitat & food needs. Link river model to existing reservoir model to balance hydro operations.  Study options to mitigate the effects of Libby Dam.

ProjectBackground:
This study was designed to determine the effects of drawdown of Libby Reservoir on game fish.  Changes in the distributions of fish, their use of various reservoir zones, and timing of alterations of each zones' physical parameters as they relate to life stages of the fish were to be evaluated in order to determine seasonal drawdown levels that are compatible with the needs of the fish.  The timing and quantity of entrainment in Libby Dam outflows will be examined.  Habitat preference of rainbow and burbot will be examined in the Kootenai River downstream from the dam.The specific objectives of this project have been    1.  Examine cost-effective opportunities to enhance the reservoir fishery through nonoperational and operational mitigation techniques.   2.  Assess ways to enhance the recruitment of juvenile gamefish species from reservoir tributaries.   3.  Monitor zooplankton and gamefish populations in Libby Reservoir.   4.  Determine Libby Dam operations necessary to enhance populations of sturgeon, burbot, rainbow trout, bull trout, and mountain whitefish in the Kootenai River.   5.  Determine use of Kootenai River tributaries for spawning and rearing by fluvial burbot, rainbow trout, and bull trout.   6.  Describe the diet of rainbow trout, burbot, and bull trout in the   Kootenai River.   7.  Determine the effects of stream regulation on the macrozoobenthos of the Kootenai River.   8.  Determine the feasibility of reclaiming lost spawning and rearing habitat for Kootenai River fish by creating a fish bypass facility at the Lake Creek Dam.   9.  Determine operations necessary to balance the Libby Reservoir fishery and the fishery in the Kootenai River.   10.  Determine if deltas at tributary mouths in the Kootenai River are impeding spawning migrations; recommend removal of deltas if  necessary.   11.  Develop a coordinated plan for operations to enhance fisheries in the Kootenai River by working with IDFG and BC on biological and hydrological concerns

ShortTitle:
LIBBY RESERVOIR LEVELS & IMPACTS ON RESIDENT FISH

LongTitle:
Quantification of Libby Reservoir Levels Needed to Maintain or Enhance Resident Fisheries


Milestones:
Bureau of Land Management personnel constructed a series of log weirs to slow water velocities, scour pools, and capture spawning gravel.  The weirs provided additional spawning and rearing habitat and added more instream cover  for fish.  Weirs and boulders were designed to encourage gravel recruitment and increase natural summer steelhead production in Cottonwood Creek.

Results:
Improved fish habitat in Cottonwood Creek.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of a series of log weirs to slow water velocities on Cottonwood Creek, a tributary of the John Day River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of a series of log weirs to slow water velocities  and improve spawning and rearing habitat  for steelhead on Cottonwood Creek, a tributary of the John Day River.

ProjectBackground:
Suitable salmonid habitat was limited in Cottonwood Creek, a tributary to the John Day River.

LongTitle:
Cottonwood Creek Summer Steelhead Habitat Improvement


Milestones:
Project biologists inventoried the aquatic habitat of 4 major tributaries  and 59 stream reaches in the mainstem of the Similkameen River in northeastern  Washington above Enloe Dam.  Streamflows were measured and water samples analyzed for contaminants.  From this inventory the biologists developed estimates of potential production for steelhead trout and Chinook salmon Fish passage alternatives at Enloe Dam were developed.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement, Washington:  Enloe Dam Fish Passage Project DOE/BP 11902-1.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement, Washington:  Enloe Dam Fish Passage Project, Appendices DOE/BP 11902-2.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume IIB - Washington:   Similkameen River Habitat Inventory DOE/BP 247

Results:
The no action alternative chosen.  The cost outweighed the possible US benefits.  The vast bulk of the Similkameen River drainage was in Canada.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of passage issues at Enloe Dam and potential salmonid habitat above the dam.  Develop a preferred alternative.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of passage issues at Enloe Dam on the Similkameen River in NW WA and potential salmonid habitat above the dam.  The preferred alternative, no further action, was adopted.

ProjectBackground:
There was some consideration of the need or value to construct passage around Enloe Dam in Washington to provide salmonid access to the upper Similkameen River.

LongTitle:
Similkameen River Salmon Habitat Inventory, Enloe Dam Fish Passage Study


Milestones:
The review identified and summarized the effects of the hydro facilities on wildlife; past, current, and proposed wildlife mitigation activities; and existing agreements pertaining to wildlife mitigation.

Publications:
Status of Review of Wildlife Mitigation at Columbia Basin Hydroelectric Projects Idaho Facilities DOE/BP 12149.  
Status Review of Wildlife Mitigation at Columbia Basin Hydroelectric Projects - Oregon Facilities DOE/BP 317.  
Status Review of Wildlife Mitigation at Columbia Basin Hydroelectric Projects - Idaho Facilities DOE/BP 318.  
Status Review of Wildlife Mitigation at Columbia Basin Hydroelectric Projects - Washington Facilities DOE/BP 319.  
Status Review of Wildlife Mitigation at Columbia Basin Hydroelectric Projects - Columbia Mainstem & Lower Snake Facilities DOE/BP 369

ProjectShortDescription:
Review existing information on the impact of hydroelectric facilities in the Columbia River Basin of  OR, WA & ID on wildlife and wildlife habitat.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review existing information on the impact of hydroelectric facilities in the Columbia River Basin of  OR, WA & ID on wildlife and wildlife habitat.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of the project was to provide a review of existing wildlife information on Columbia River Basin hydroelectric facilities in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho.

ShortTitle:
COLUMBIA BASIN WILDLIFE MITIGATION STATUS REPORT

LongTitle:
Status Review of Wildlife Mitigation at Columbia Basin Hydroelectric Projects


Milestones:
To effectively use the  Water Budget, two Water Budget Manager positions were created, one to represent State and Federal fish and wildlife agencies, the other to represent  basin Indian tribes.  Using data on fish movements supplied by the Smolt Monitoring Program (Project 80-1), the Water Budget Managers request flows and  spill over dams to afford the best possible conditions for fish passage. (see also project 8353600)

Publications:
Detailed Fishery Operating Plan of the Columbia River Basin F&W Agencies & Tribes DOE/BP 11638/ 116. 
Water Budget [Water Budget Managers Report to NPPC] DOE/BP 11639-2.  [See also 83053600]

Results:
Better management of flows in the Columbia Basin during times of salmonid migration.

ProjectShortDescription:
Two positions created for experts to advise on water budget at Columbia River Dams during times of critical flow.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Two positions created for experts to advise on water budget at Columbia River Dams during times of critical flow. Flows could be regulated during critical salmonid migration periods to facilitate passage and reduce smolt mortality.

ProjectBackground:
In an effort to reduce juvenile salmon and steelhead passage mortality  associated with reduced spring flows, the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program promulgated the "Water Budget" concept for flow enhancement. Under this approach the fish and wildlife agencies and the Tribes are able to "shape" flows during the critical migration period, April 15 to June 15, using  a block of water especially reserved for this purpose.


Milestones:
Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks (MDFWP) investigated the effects of Kerr and Hungry Horse Dams on Canada goose populations and habitat on the Upper Flathead River and the northern half of Flathead Lake.  MDFWP concluded that the primary effect on geese has been the loss of 1,850 acres of nesting and brood-rearing habitat on the north shore of Flathead Lake and 273 acres along the Flathead River below Kalispell as a result of the operation of Kerr Dam.  Hungry Horse Dam, as it is currently operated, does not appear to have  significant effect on nesting geese.  Limiting factors in the project area  appear to be brood-rearing habitat and secure nesting areas.

Publications:
Effects of Water Levels on the Productivity of Canada Geese in the Northern Flathead Valley DOE/BP 16687-1.  
Effects of Water Levels on Productivity of Canada Geese in the Northern Flathead Valley DOE/BP 16687-2.  
Effects of Water Levels on Productivity of Canada Geese in the Northern Flathead Valley DOE/BP 16687-3

Results:
Understanding of the impacts of dam operations on Canadian geese in the Flathead region.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of the impact of Kerr and Hungry Horse Dams on goose nesting and brooding habitat on the upper Flathead River and Flathead Lake.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of the impact of Kerr and Hungry Horse Dams on goose nesting and brooding habitat on the upper Flathead River and Flathead Lake. The impact of Kerr Dam was most significant because of the fluctuating water level and the impact on nesting areas.

ProjectBackground:
Fluctuating water level of Flathead Lake due to the operation of Kerr Dam had seriously affected the nesting Canadian goose population.  Another study (8300200) considered the impacts of the Kerr and Hungry Horse Dams on the south section of Flathead Lake and the river below Kerr Dam.

LongTitle:
Effects of Kerr and Hungry Horse Dams on Flathead Lake Water Levels and Productivity of Canadian Geese


Milestones:
Work on this  project on the Red River, a tributary of the South Fork of the ClearwaterRiver, included installation of instream structures, bank protection through riparian fencing, bank stabilization through planting of both conifers and deciduous trees and shrubs, and seeding and fertilizing of disturbed sites.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume III - Idaho DOE/BP 248

Results:
Increased production of anadromous salmonids in the South Fork of the Clearwater River.

ProjectShortDescription:
Installation of instream structures in the Red River, Clearwater subbasin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
The installation of instream structures, construction of riparian fences, and bank stabilization and planting in the Red River Meadows area of the Clearwater subbasin to enhance salmonid habitat. See also 8400500.

ProjectBackground:
In 1927 a dam was constructed on Clearwater River which totally eliminated anadromous fish runs into the spawning and rearing habitat.  That dam was later removed and salmon had re-entered the system.  Re-evaluation of the status of salmonid habitat up th e South Fork was in order.  Certain streams were also selected for enhancement.  Although the original project title: "Red River Habitat Improvement And Rearing Facility South Clearwater River, Idaho" suggested a rearing facility, the emphasis was on habit work. Although this was intended as a 7 year project, it funded for only one year.  It was replaced by 8400500 which continued the same effort.

LongTitle:
Red River Habitat Improvement, South Clearwater River


Milestones:
The initial plans consisted of replacing a culvert with a pipe-arch.  That approach was modified to install a bridge instead.

Results:
The Crooked River Bridge replaced the culvert.  This had the potential of increasing steelhead production by 18,690 smolts annually.

ProjectShortDescription:
Placement of a culvert impacting salmonid migration in Crooked River with a bridge, Clearwater subbasin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Replacement of a culvert impacting salmonid migration in Crooked River, a tributary in the Clearwater River basin, with a bridge.

ProjectBackground:
Crooked River is a tributary to the South Fork of the Clearwater River  System.  Current steelhead smolt production potential had been reduced by approximately 39 percent due to a long existing culvert passage block improperly installed in the early 1970's.  Replacement of this culvert offered  the potential to increase steelhead production potential

LongTitle:
Crooked River Passage Improvement, South Fork Clearwater River


ProjectTitle:
LOLO / CROOKED FK/WHITE SANDS CREEKS HABITAT IMPRO

ProjectShortDescription:
Project to improve the fisheries habitat on certain streams in the Clearwater River basin (Lolo, Crooked Fork, and White Sands Creeks) was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Project to improve the fisheries habitat on certain streams in the Clearwater River basin (Lolo, Crooked Fork, and White Sands Creeks) was funded and excuted but the contract is no longer available.

ShortTitle:
LOLO, CROOKED FORK & WHITE SANDS CR HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
Lolo Creek, Crooked Fork, and White Sands Creek Habitat Improvement, Clearwater Basin


Milestones:
Using data on fish movements supplied by the Smolt Monitoring Program (Project 80-1), the Water Budget Managers requested flows and  spill over dams to afford the best possible conditions for fish passage.  In conjunction with project 8349100 and project 8666000 there was also monitoring of juvenile fish migration and determination of migrational characteristics of the smolt outmigration , including migration timing, travel time, and smolt survival. About 25 hatcheries and dams participated in the study.

Results:
Better management of flows in the Columbia River system during times of salmonid migration.  Research and monitoring plan for studying smolt migration.

ProjectShortDescription:
Management of the Water Budget, monitoring of juvenile fish migration and determination of migration timing, travel, survival, etc. of smolts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Management of the Water Budget, monitoring of juvenile fish migration and determination of migration timing, travel, survival, etc.  Project was developed in conjunction with 8000100, 8349100, and 8666000. Abt 25 hatcheries and dams participated.

ProjectBackground:
The "Water Budge" concept was developed in order to reduce juvenile salmon and steelhead passage mortality  associated with reduced spring flows Under this flows during the critical migration period, April 15 to June 15, are "shaped" for fish passage using  a block of water especially reserved for this purpose.


Milestones:
This was a grant to the Colville Confederated Indian Tribes to provide technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Colville Tribal; fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the ColvilleTribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the ColvilleTribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin. This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ProjectBackground:
Input from various tribes in the Columbia River Basin was necessary to develop a meaningful set of fishery and wildlife goals for the region.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - COLVILLE TRIBE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Colville Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - SPOKANE TRIBE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Spokane Indian Tribe to provide technical  assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Spokane Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Spokane Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Spokane Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin. This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - SPOKANE TRIBE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals- Spokane Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - NEZ PERCE TRIBE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Nez Perce Indian Tribe to provide  technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Nez Perce Indian Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Nez Perce Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Nez Perce Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.  This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - NEZ PERCE TRIBE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Nez Perce Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - YAKIMA TRIBE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Yakima Indian Tribe to provide technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Yakima Indian Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Yakima Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Yakima Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.  This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - YAKIMA TRIBE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Yakama Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - WARM SPRINGS TRIBE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Warm Springs Indian Tribe to provide technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Warm Springs Indian Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Warm Springs Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Warm Springs Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.  This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ProjectBackground:
Input from various tribes in the Columbia River Basin was necessary to develop a meaningful set of fishery and wildlife goals for the region

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - WARM SPRINGS TRIBE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Warm Springs Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - UMATILLA TRIBE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Umatilla Confederated Indian Tribes to provide technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Umatilla Indian Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Umatilla Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Umatilla Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin. This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS - UMATILLA TRIBE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Umatilla Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS: SHOSHONE - BANNOCK

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Shoshone-Bannock Indian Tribes to provide  technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for The Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Shoshone-Bannock Indian Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Shoshone-Bannock Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Shoshone-Bannock Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.  This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS: SHOSHONE - BANNOCK

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Shoshone-Bannock Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS: SHOSHONE - PAIUTE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Shoshone-Paiute Indian Tribe to provide technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Shoshone-Paiute Indian Tribal fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Shoshone-Paiute Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Technical assistance grant to the Shoshone-Paiute Tribe to develop anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin. This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS: SHOSHONE - PAIUTE

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals -Shoshone-Paiute Tribe


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOALS: COL. R. INTERTRIBE

Milestones:
This was a grant to the Columbia River Intertribe Fish Commission  to provide technical assistance in the development of anadromous fish goals for the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.

Results:
Determination of Columbia River Intertribe Fish Commission fish and wildlife goals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Grant to Columbia River Intertribe Fish Commission to provide technical assistance in the development of tribal anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Grant to Columbia River Intertribe Fish Commission to provide technical assistance in the development of tribal anadromous fish goals for the Columbia Basin.  This was one of several similar grants to the Columbia River Basin tribes.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH PROGRAM GOAL: INTERTRIBE (CRITFC)

LongTitle:
Anadromous Fish Program Goals - Columbia River Intertribe (CRITFC)


ProjectTitle:
LWR UMATILLA CHANNEL MODIFICATIONS ASSESSMENT

Milestones:
Methods of assessment involved radio-tagging and tracking of adult salmon and steelhead. Problem areas were thus identified.

Publications:
Evaluation of Lower Umatilla River Channel - Modifications Below Three-Mile Dam DOE/BP 19130-1.  
Evaluation of Lower Umatilla River Channel Modifications Below Three-Mile Dam DOE/BP 19130-2

Results:
In general the study indicated an overall improvement in passage conditions and identified some sections of the channel needing additional work.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assessement of improvements in the lower 3 miles  of the Umatilla River and determination of sites which are still impeding fish passage.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assessement of improvements in the lower 3 miles  of the Umatilla River, OR and determination of sites which were still impeding fish passage.

ProjectBackground:
Previous modifications to the lower section of the Umatilla River included construction of channels through bed rock to provide passage at low flow and elimination of "dead end" channels. This study assessed the migratory conditions in the lower Umatilla River after  modifications had been made to the river channel.

ShortTitle:
LOWER UMATILLA CHANNEL MODIFICATIONS ASSESSMENT

LongTitle:
Evaluation of Lower Umatilla River Channel Modifications below Three Mile Diversion Dam


Milestones:
In a cooperative effort with USBR, BIA, the Yakima Indian Nation, and the State of Washington, BPA initiated the preliminary design of some 20 fish screen and ladder facilities to be constructed through 1989.  The screening facilities assist the juvenile out migrating salmon to exit irrigation canals and return to the river.  Fish ladders provide improved upstream passage for adult salmon and  steelhead.

Results:
Plans for improved passage at key sites  for salmonids in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Preliminary design of  fish screens and ladder facilities to assist in salmonid migration in the Yakima Basin. Diversion dam sites include Rosa, Sunnyside,  Easton, Wapato, Toppenish Creek Dvr/Satus Unit, Old Reservation Canal, Marian drain, Satus Creek Diversion.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Preliminary design of  fish screens and ladders to assist salmonid migration in the Yakima Basin. Sites include Rosa, Sunnyside, Easton, Wapato, Toppenish Cr Dvr/Satus Unit, Old Reservation Canal, Marian drain, Satus Cr Diversion.

ProjectBackground:
The Yakima River Basin of Washington State once hosted more than 500,000 adult  salmon and steelhead annually.  Due to a variety of adverse factors, including  decreased instream flows and irrigation water withdrawals, the adult returns of anadromous fish by 1980 had been reduced to about 2,500.  One serious source of loss was the irrigation system and the passage issues associated with it.

ShortTitle:
PREDESIGN SCREEN / LADDER STUDIES, YAKIMA BASIN

LongTitle:
Predesign Studies of Proposed Screens and Ladders, Yakima Basin


ProjectTitle:
PROTECTION OF UPPER SNAKE RIVER WILD ADULT STEEL

Milestones:
This project annually tagged all Idaho hatchery steelhead fingerlings by  removing the adipose fin.

Publications:
Protection of Wild Adult Steelhead in Idaho by Adipose Fin Removal [Five  year completion report] DOE/BP 14903-1.   
Protection of Wild Adult Steelhead in Idaho by Adipose Fin Removal [Five Year Completion Report] DOE/BP 14903-2

Results:
The fin clip allowed sport fishermen to differentiate between returning wild and hatchery fish.  The hatchery fish can  then be selectively harvested in the Columbia and Snake River sport fisheries,  thereby allowing the wild fish to escape and spawn.

ProjectShortDescription:
Demonstration project marking all hatchery steelhead by removal of adipose fins and determining  impacts on the hatchery fish.  This would allow wild steelhead to be identified and released. Focus was on steelhead of the Snake River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Demonstration project marking all hatchery steelhead by removal of adipose fins and determining  impacts on the hatchery fish. This allows wild steelhead to be identified & released. Focus was on steelhead of the Snake River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Extensive hydroelectric development in the Snake River Basin has resulted in depleted stocks of valuable wild steelhead, paradoxically in the midst of harvestable surpluses of hatchery fish.  Wild upriver anadromous fish are a  high priority in the Fish and Wildlife Program, and this project sets out to demonstrate an effective means to harvest hatchery fish while protecting wild stocks.  This was designed as a demonstration project to see if marking steelhead could allow a sport fishing program to protect the wild steelhead.

ShortTitle:
PROTECTION OF UPPER SNAKE WILD ADULT STEELHEAD

LongTitle:
Protection of Wild Adult Steelhead in the Upper Snake River in Idaho by Adipose Fin Removal and Evaluation of Effectiveness


ProjectTitle:
RED R / CROOKED R HABITAT / PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS

Milestones:
The Forest Service, in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Fish and Game and private  landowners, replaced a culvert on Crooked Creek and improved fish habitat on the Red River by installing stream structures to improve the riverbanks and to increase spawning and rearing habitat.  They planted trees and shrubs to stabilize streambanks and to provide shade for juvenile fish, and fence the riparian areas on private ranch land to protect streamside plants from grazing animals. Reclamation work was done on two glory holes: Haysfork and Cal-Idaho and studies on two others: Legget and Fisher Placers.

Publications:
South Fork Clearwater River Habitat Enhancement:  Crooked & Red Rivers DOE/BP 16475-1.  
South Fork Clearwater River Habitat Enhancement, Nez Perce National Forest DOE/BP 16475-2

Results:
Decreased erosion from glory holes, increase habitat area and improved quality. This project could increase the potential fish spawning and rearing habitat in  Red River three to four times over current levels.  There is a potential of a 64 percent increase in the  production of juvenile Chinook and steelhead.

ProjectShortDescription:
Culvert replacement on Crooked River, instream work on Red River and mine restoration work on nearby glory holes.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Culvert replacement on Crooked River, instream work, riparian fencing and planting on Red River and mine restoration work on nearby glory holes, Haysfork and Cal-Idaho. Two other mine areas, Legget & Fisher Placers were evaluated.

ProjectBackground:
Nez Perce National Forest had a number of sites badly damaged by early private mining.   These included both upland and stream area.  Erosion and sedimentation created serious stream problems.  The project is offsite mitigation.  See also projects 8350100 and 8350200.

ShortTitle:
RED & CROOKED RIVERS HABITAT/ PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS

LongTitle:
South Fork Clearwater River Habitat Enhancement: Red and Crooked Rivers, Haysfork and Cal-Idaho Mines


ProjectTitle:
LOLO / CROOKED FORK/EL DORADO CREEK IMPROVEMENTS

Milestones:
Approximately 30 streams were inventoried and evaluated in the Clearwater Basin. The project at El Dorado Creek included blasting out barriers and creating some stairstep pools at the lowermost falls, opening up approximately 10 miles of spawning  and rearing habitat. Other projects included instream work, fencing, etc. in other Clearwater tributaries.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement Idaho:  Lalo Creek & Upper Lachsa Clearwater National Forest DOE/BP 62665

Results:
Inventory of stream needs; improved passage on El Dorado Creek; fencing and instream work in other drainages.

ProjectShortDescription:
Creation of a passage through a series of falls on El Dorado Creek opening up new salmonid habit, evaluation and instream work on tributaries of Lolo Creek, Lochsa River, etc.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Creation of a passage through a series of falls on El Dorado Creek opening up new salmonid habit. Evaluation of abt 30 streams in the Clearwater Basin.  Instream work and riparian fencing on selected tributaries of Lolo Creek & Lochsa River.

ProjectBackground:
The tributaries of the Clearwater river had been severely impacted by various human activities. Habitat work and improved passage appeared to be possible solutions. An Inventory was needed of stream conditions and potential for restoration. El Dorado Creek was chosen as one of the first passage projects.  It had a series of natural basalt falls which create a barrier to  upstream spring Chinook salmon and steelhead passage.  Passage through this  area could be enhanced as offsite mitigation.  See also project 8352200.

ShortTitle:
LOLO, CROOKED FORK & EL DORADO CREEKS HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
Clearwater Basin Stream  Evalution and Enhancement of Crooked Fork, Lolo and El Dorado Creeks


Milestones:
The Trout Creek Technical Committee was composed of representatives from BPA, Jefferson County Soil and Water Conservation District,  Soil Conservation Service, ODFW, USFS, and BLM and was a forum for interagency coordination.  BPA retained the services of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Jefferson County Soil and Water Conservation District (JSWCD) to coordinate with landowners.  This arrangement provided  a mechanism for public involvement.

Results:
Coordination of efforts in the Trout Creek Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Coordination of public agencies and private landowners for a study of the Trout Creek Basin and creation of technical work plan.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Coordination of public agencies and private landowners for the creation of technical work plan for the Trout Creek Basin restoration.

ProjectBackground:
The Trout Creek Restoration project began with a survey and technical plan accomplished as Project 8342300.    The purpose of this agreement was to coordinate Trout Creek rehabilitation efforts among public agencies involved and private land owners.

LongTitle:
Coordinationof Trout Creek Restoration Project


Milestones:
The Umatilla National Forest continued repairing mine dredging damage in Granite and Clear Creeks which severely reduced salmon and steelhead populations. Work in Clear Creek ncluded planting shrubs and relocating more boulders.  At Granite Creek, foresters expanded rearing habitat and stabilized more bank area.  Additional blocked side channels were opened to fish rearing in the North Fork, John Day River.  Rock and log weirs have been installed to increase the number of pools, and boulders strategically located to provide cover and increase the amount of pool habitat for rearing.  Project results are monitored by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. By 1993, project was focusing on operations, maintenance  and monitoring.   In 1997 this project basically became a contract for O&M of the 50 miles of barb wire fence and 900 instream structural improvements.

Publications:
North Fork John Day River & Tributaries Fish Habitat Improvement Implementation Plan [Z 13]; North Fork John Day River Habitat Improvement, Annual Report 1988 DOE/BP 16725-A; 
North Fork John Day Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement, Annual Report 1988 DOE/BP 16725-B; 
North Fork John Day Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement, Annual Report 1989 DOE/BP 16725-C; 
North Fork John Day Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement, Annual Report 1990 DOE/BP 16725-D; N
orth Fork John Day Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement, Annual Report DOE/BP 1991 16725-E

Results:
Stream conditions have improved. More pools exist, riparian vegetation is increasing.

ProjectShortDescription:
Restore summer steelhead and spring chinook salmon  habitat in the North Fork John Day River watershed.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Survey tributaries of the North Fk of the John Day. Restore salmonid habitat in selected streams by riparian fencing, [permanent & temporary electric] and instream work. Open side channels, reclaim dredged areas. Solve toxic mine drainage. Conduct O&M.

ProjectBackground:
Dredging operations for gold began in the 1920s and continued intermittently until 1954.  Long sections of the North Fork of John Day river were devastated by this activity.  The Forest Service's rehabilitation project began in 1979.  Initially work was concentrated on a 4-mile stretch of Clear Creek, where spawning area was increased by the addition of 7100 cubic yards of gravel.  (See projects 8200900, 8339400 and 8339500).  Instream structures such as log and boulder weirs increased the number of gravel-collecting pools.  Streambanks were stabilized, and nearby Blackjack Mine was plugged and its seepage diverted to reduce the toxic waste leaking into the stream.  This project continued and expanded that effort.  Unfortunately considerable confusion developed when this project was supposedly closed  and 9303800 initiated to continue the effort.  Not only did funding continue for 8400800 but a new project, 9605300, overlapping 9303800 was funded.  All these project need to be considered as one effort.

LongTitle:
North Fork of the John Day Habitat Enhancement and O&M, Umatilla National Forest


ProjectTitle:
JOSEPH CREEK, GRANDE RONDE RIVER, OREGON (USFS)

Milestones:
Activities were initiated which increased steelhead spawning and rearing habitat in 120.5 miles of stream in the Joseph Creek Drainage of the Lower Grande Ronde and in the Upper Grande Ronde.  The effort was divided into three components:  prework survey/design; implementation, including protection of riparian vegetation through riparian fencing,  vegetation planting to increase shade, and instream structures to improve pool/riffle ratios; and postwork maintenance/monitoring.

Publications:
Wallowa-Whitman National Forest Fish Habitat Improvement Implementation Plan DOE/BP 17578-A.  
Wallowa - Whitman National Forest Fisheries Habitat Improvement DOE/BP 17578-B.  
Wallowa - Whitman National Forest Fisheries Habitat Improvement DOE/BP 17578-C .  
Wallowa - Whitman National Forest Fisheries Habitat Improvement DOE/BP 17578-D.  
Wallowa - Whitman National Forest Fisheries Habitat Improvement DOE/BP 17578-E.  
Wallowa - Whitman National Forest Fisheries Habitat Improvement DOE/BP 17578-F

Results:
Additional rearing habitat was available for increased steelhead smolt  production

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve spawning and rearing habitat in the Upper and Lower Grande Ronde River through instream work.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve spawning and rearing habitat in the Upper and Lower Grande Ronde River (Joseph Creek drainage) through instream work and riparian fencing.  Over 60 streams and 120 miles of riparian habitat were affected in the several year project.

ProjectBackground:
Optimum rearing habitat for summer steelhead and spring Chinook was severely limited in large portions of the Joseph Creek and Upper Grande Ronde drainages primarily due to the lack of streamside cover, which results in high summertime water temperatures unsuitable for fish life.  This project was offsite mitigation for mainstem losses due to the Columbia River hydroelectric system. (See also the earlier project on Peavine Creek 8339200).

ShortTitle:
JOSEPH CREEK & GRANDE RONDE RIVER HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
Joseph Creek and Grand Ronde River Habitat Improvement, Wallowa Whitman National Forest


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA BASIN SALMON / STLHD RESTORATION PLAN

Milestones:
A Umatilla anadromous fish plan was developed by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife in cooperation with the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian  Reservation, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife  Service, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, and the U.S. Forest Service.  The primary  goals addressed in the plan were as follows:  (1) Establish fishery  rehabilitation objectives for naturally and hatchery produced salmonids in the  Umatilla Basin; (2) Identify and estimate potential benefits for rehabilitation and flow enhancement projects; and (3) Develop a plan to set  priorities, implement, and evaluate projects that will achieve rehabilitative objectives.

Publications:
A Comprehensive Plan for Rehabilitation of Anadromous Fish Stocks in the Umatilla River Basin DOE/BP 18008-1

Results:
Comprehensive plan for rehabilitation of anadromous fish in the Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Comprehensive plan for rehabilitation of anadromous fish stocks in the Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop a comprehensive plan for rehabilitation of anadromous fish stocks, both wild and hatchery raised, in the Umatilla River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
A comprehensive plan for rehabilitation of anadromous fish stocks in the Umatilla River Basin was needed.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA BASIN SALMON & STEELHEAD RESTORATION PLAN

LongTitle:
A Comprehensive Plan for Rehabilitation of Anadromous Fish Stocks inthe Umatilla River Basin


ProjectTitle:
FISH / LAKE BRANCH CREEKS / COLLAWASH FALLS

Milestones:
At Fish and Wash Creeks, Forest Service personnel reestablished an offchannel Coho rearing  pond and built 11 structures in the creeks to trap spawning gravel moving through the stream.  At Lake Branch Creek, crews removed log jam debris and installed structures to trap spawning gravel in the streambed.  Work on the Collowash Falls fishway would provided an additional 140 miles of spawning habitat for Coho salmon and winter and summer steelhead trout. Preliminary evaluation and subsequent instream work was done in a number of other streams in the Clackamas, Hood River, and Fifteenmile Creek drainages. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)  continued after implementation.

Publications:
Fifteenmile Basin Habitat Improvement Project [aka- DOE/BP 16726-E.  
Collawash River Falls Fish Passage Project [not published]Fisheries Enhancement in the Fish Creek Basin, An Evaluation of  In-Channel & Off-Channel Projects DOE/BP 16726-1.  
Abundance, Behavior, & Habitat Utilization by Coho Salmon & Steelhead Trout in Fish Creek, Oregon, as Influenced by Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 16726-2. 
The Effects of Habitat Enhancement on Steelhead Trout & Coho Salmon Smolt Production, Habitat Utilization, & Habitat Availability in Fish Creek, Oregon, 1983-86 DOE/BP 16726-3.  
Changes in Habitat & Populations of Steelhead Trout, Coho Salmon, & Chinook Salmon in Fish Creek, Oregon, 1983-87, as related to Habitat Improvement DOE/BP 16726-4. 
 Influence of Habitat Modifications on Habitat Composition & Anadromous Salmonid Populations in Fish Creek, Oregon DOE/BP 16726-5.  
Clackamas/Hood River Habitat Enhancement Project 1988-92 Implementaiton Plan & Statement of Work DOE/BP 16726-A.  
Collawash River Falls Fish Passage Project DOE/BP 16726-B.  Collawash River Falls Fish Passage Project DOE/BP 16726-C.  
Fifteenmile Basin Habitat Improvement Project - Draft DOE/BP 16726-D.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Enhancement [Improvement], Volume I - Oregon DOE/BP 726.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement - Volume I:  Oregon DOE/BP 868

ProjectShortDescription:
Instream and passage work in the Hood River and Clackamas River drainages with detailed monitoring and evaluation of  habitat improvement impacts in the Fish Creek drainage..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Instream & passage work in the Fifteenmile Cr, Hood River & Clackamas River drainages with detailed monitoring & evaluation of  habitat improvement impacts in the Fish Cr drainage. Passage work at Collowash Falls provided better access to spawning areas.

ProjectBackground:
Mount Hood National Forest biologists concluded that various habitat improvements for Coho salmon and winter and summer steelhead trout were necessary for several creeks in the Clackamas, Hood River and Fifteenmile Creek drainages in the northern Oregon Cascades.  Some work had already been accomplished in the Fish and Wash Creek Drainages up the Clackamas (Project 8338500) and on the Hood River (8334100) and its tributary, Lake Branch (8338600)

ShortTitle:
FISH CR, LAKE BRANCH & COLLAWASH HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
Clackamas River (Fish Creek and Collawash Falls) and Hood River(Lake Branch) Habitat Enhancement and O&M, Mt. Hood National forest


ProjectTitle:
EST. SCREEN CONSTRUCT COSTS: SUNNYSIDE/WAPATO DAMS

Milestones:
The estimate was conducted  by Hosey and Associates, Engineering.

ProjectShortDescription:
Second opinion cost estimate for the design and construction of screening facilities at Sunnyside and Wapato Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Second opinion cost estimate for the design and construction of screening facilities at Sunnyside and Wapato Dams.

ProjectBackground:
This was a "second opinion" cost estimate for the design and construction of screening facilities at Sunnyside and Wapato Dams.

ShortTitle:
ESTIMATED SCREEN COSTS: SUNNYSIDE AND WAPATO DAMS

LongTitle:
Estimated Screen Construction Costs at Sunnyside and Wapto Dams


Milestones:
The Model (GASSPILL) was developed to predict areas of high nitrogen concentrations,  and to determine the spill required to keep nitrogen concentration within acceptable limits, and allocate the required spill reduction amounts to projects to achieve optimal system wide nitrogen concentration.

Results:
The Model (GASSPILL)  can operate on a real-time basis and uses input from the CROHMS.  The Model is a helpful tool for use by the Corps' Reservoir Control Center in scheduling spills, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, the Mid-Columbia PUDS, and the Fish Passage Center.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop and test a computer routine to allocate spill to various dams in the Columbia / Snake system to prevent localized high saturation levels of dissolved gas such as nitrogen.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop and test a computer routine (GASSPILL Model) to allocate spill to various dams in the Columbia / Snake system to prevent localized high saturation levels of dissolved gas such as nitrogen.

ProjectBackground:
Nitrogen supersaturation created by spill affects the survival of migrating  juvenile fish.  A Model was needed to predict impact on fish. The goal of this project under Program Measures 304(d), 404(d), and 404(c) was to develop and test a computer routine to allocate spill  to various dams in the Columbia/Snake River system, to prevent localized high saturation levels of dissolved gas.

LongTitle:
Develop Nitrogran Gas Model (GASSPILL): Total Dissolved Gas Measurement, Data Transmission


Milestones:
In the 1980s this NMFS project conducted the smolt monitoring at federal dams in the Snake and Columbia Rivers (i.e. Lower Granite, Lower Monumental, McNary, John Day, and Bonneville Dams).  In the early 1990s the smolt monitoring at Snake River dams and McNary Dam was assumed by non-federal entities (i.e. mainly the states of Washington and Oregon) and this project continued the smolt monitoring at John Day, The Dalles (1990 only) and Bonneville dams.Progress is measured by noting whether or not we are obtaining the necessary data.  An evaluation of the effectiveness of downstream migration protection actions is contained in the annual reports of the FPC.  The FPC reports analyze and synthesize the information from this project together with the information collected by all other SMP projects and other environmental information.  Progress is measured by comparing the results of these reports over the years.The Smolt Monitoring Program collects information to evaluate the success of the Water Budget and to recommend changes to improve its efficiency.  The project is coordinated by the Water Budget Center (Project 8000100).  Fish used in the analysis are tagged through projects 8401600 and 8401700.  Field monitoring activities are carried out by the National Marine Fisheries Service at Federal dams (8401400),   by Biosonics, Inc., at Wells Dam (8401500), and by Chelan County Public Utilities District at Rock Island Dam (8405400). Collected data on 1993 seaward migration of juvenile salmon and steelhead at John Day and Bonneville Dams.

Publications:
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead Trout at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-1;   
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-2;   
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities - 1987 DOE/BP 20733-3;    
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-4; 
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-5; 
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-6; 
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities - 1991 DOE/BP 20733-7; 
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-8; 
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon & Steelhead at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-9;   
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon and Steelhead at Hydroelectric Facilities DOE/BP 20733-9 [Book was assigned duplicate number]         
"Seasonal and Diel Passage of Juvenile Salmonids at John Day Dam on the Columbia River" by D.A. Brege, R.F. Absolon, R.J. Graves., North American Journal of Fisheries Management.

Results:
This project provides daily fish capture and condition data, as well as dam operations and river flow data real-time to the Fish Passage Center to improve the scientific information on which to base in-season flow and spill management decisions directed  toward improving protection and passage conditions for juvenile salmon and steelhead in the lower Columbia river.  This project is providing a historical time series of smolt monitoring information that contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between environmental conditions, smolt migration characteristics, smolt passage survival and adult production.  Specifics on the yearly contributions of this project can be found in the reports referenced below.The project provides information to the Fish Passage Center for flow and spill management directed toward improving downstream salmon and steelhead migrant survival.  It also provides data on the migrating characteristics of the various stocks of salmon and steelhead produced in the Columbia River Basin.  It allows  for investigating relationships among flows, spill, travel time, smolt condition, and adult production.   Information and learning from 1992 disseminated via 1992 Annual Report, and four quarterly reports.  Summary information from   1993 migration incorporated in 1993 Fish Passage Center Report (April 1994).

ProjectShortDescription:
Monitor migration of juvenile salmon and steelhead at Bonneville and John Day Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Monitor migration of juvenile salmon and steelhead at mainstem lower Snake and lower Columbia River Dams and transmit data to the Fish Passage Center. Conducted in conjunction with projects 8000100, 8401400, 8401500, 8401600, 8401700, 8405400.

ProjectBackground:
This project was established to monitor mainstem fish passage by collecting and reporting real-time smolt monitoring data to the Fish Passage Center to improve scientific information with which to base in-season flow and spill management decisions in the Snake and Lower Columbia River.In order to most effectively use water reserved to aid fish migration, the Water Budget Managers (technical representatives of the region's fish and wildlife agencies and Indian tribes) must have information on fish movements throughout the Columbia River Basin. This project addresses smolt monitoring activities, specifically program measures 303(d)(1), and related action item 2.2 of the 1987 Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.This project has been in place since 1984 and will continue indefinitely as part of the annual coordinated regional SMP.  The project can undergo regional, technical peer review.  See also projects

LongTitle:
Monitoring of Downstream Salmon and Steelhead Smolts at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities


ProjectShortDescription:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project..


ProjectTitle:
MONITORING DOWNSTREAM MIG SALMON WELLS DAM 1984

Milestones:
In conjunction with projects 8401600 and 8401700 information was collected on fish movements as part of the Smolt Monitoring Program and used as a basis for Water Budget requests.  This enabled better evaluation of the success of the  Water Budget suggested steps to improve its efficiency.

Results:
Correlating smolt needs with the water budget.

ProjectShortDescription:
Collecting fish tag information from projects 8401600 and 8401700 at Wells Dam to increase the efficiency of water budget management.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Collect fish tag information from projects 8401600 and 8401700 at Wells Dam to increase the efficiency of water budget management. Part of the Smolt Monitoring Programt.

ProjectBackground:
Downstream salmon and steelhead migration studies were needed for proper management of water budget requests.

ShortTitle:
MONITORING OUT MIGRATING SALMON AT WELLS DAM -1984

LongTitle:
Hydroacoustic Monitoring of Downstream Migrating Salmon and Steelhead at Wells DAM (1984)


Milestones:
In conjunction with project 8401700 information was collected on fish movements as part of the Smolt Monitoring Program and used as a basis for Water Budget requests.  This enabled better evaluation of the success of the  Water Budget steps to improve its efficiency. associated.

ProjectShortDescription:
Collecting fish tag information in the Yakima River system associated with the Smolt Monitoring Program for increasing Water Budget management efficiency.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Collecting fish tag information in the Yakima River system associated with the Smolt Monitoring Program for increasing Water Budget management efficiency. Conducted in conjunction with project 8401700.

LongTitle:
Freeze-Branding Of Steelhead In The Yakima River


ProjectTitle:
FISH MARKING: CHINOOK / STEELHEAD (IDAHO)

Milestones:
The Smolt Monitoring Program supplied  the data and collected information to evaluate the success of the Water Budget and to recommend changes to improve its efficiency.  The project was coordinated by the Water Budget Center (8000100).  Fish used in the analysis were tagged through projects 8401600 and 8401700.  Field monitoring activities were carried out by the National Marine Fisheries Service at Federal dams (8401400),by Biosonics, Inc., at Wells Dam (8401500), and by Chelan County Public Utilities District at Rock Island Dam (8405400).

Publications:
Freeze Brand Marking of Steelhead Trout & Chinook Salmon Juveniles for Water Budget Studies:  Idaho DOE/BP 16440-1.  
Freeze Brand Marking of Steelhead Trout & Chinook Salmon from Idaho for the 1986 Smolt Monitoring Program DOE/BP 16440-2

Results:
Correlating smolt needs with the water budget

ProjectShortDescription:
Collecting fish tag information in the Snake River system associated with the Smolt Monitoring Program for increasing Water Budget management efficiency.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Collecting fish tag information in the Snake River system associated with the Smolt Monitoring Program for increasing Water Budget management efficiency.

ProjectBackground:
In order to most effectively use water reserved to aid fish migration, the Water Budget Managers (technical representatives of the region's fish and wildlife agencies and Indian tribes) must have information on fish movements throughout the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
FISH MARKING: CHINOOK AND STEELHEAD (IDAHO)

LongTitle:
Freeze-Branding Of Steelhead And Chinook Salmon For Water Budget Studies (Idaho)


ProjectTitle:
DESIGN DATA-FINAL DESIGN SCREENS, SUNNYSIDE DIV

Milestones:
This Project was the design phase of the Sunnyside fish screening facilities.

Results:
Design for the Sunnyside fish screening facilities.

ProjectShortDescription:
Final design of the Sunnyside fish screening facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Final design of the Sunnyside fish screening facilities on Sunnyside Canal in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
During the irrigation season, March through October, large quantities of water  were directed from the Yakima River to the major irrigation canals.  The Sunnyside Valley Irrigation District operated the Sunnyside Canal, about 10 miles south of the City of Yakima. BPA funded the construction of fish screens in the Sunnyside Canal to direct out migrating juvenile salmon and steelhead back to the Yakima River.  The project was funded as off-site mitigation for salmon and steelhead losses attributable to Columbia River hydroelectric facilities.  See also the predesign studies (Project 8400100).

ShortTitle:
FINAL DESIGN DATA FOR SUNNYSIDE DAM SCREENS

LongTitle:
Develop Data for Final Desigh of Screens at Sunnyside Diversion Dam


ProjectTitle:
CABINET GORGE HATCHERY (LAKE PEND OREILLE)

Milestones:
A three-party cooperative agreement was developed designating funding responsibilities among BPA (50 percent funding of design and construction), Washington Water Power (50 percent funding of design and construction), and the Idaho Department of Fish and Game (full funding of operation and maintenance).  Hatchery construction began in FY 1985 and was operational in FY 1986.

Results:
Construction of the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Joint funding with other agencies for design and construction of the Cabinet Gorge Fish Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Joint funding with other agencies (IDFG & WA Water Power) for design and construction of the Cabinet Gorge Fish Hatchery. The hatchery will contribute kokanee salmon to Lake Pend Oreille and other sites.

ProjectBackground:
The kokanee salmon population in Lake Pend Oreille, Northern Idaho, was affected by the construction and operation of the Albeni Falls and Cabinet Gorge hydroelectric projects, and by management practices employed by the Idaho Department of Fish and Game.  This project called for the construction  of a fish hatchery on the Clark Fork River to mitigate for hydroelectric impacts.

LongTitle:
Design and Construction of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery (Lake Pend Oreille)


Milestones:
This project implements enhancement opportunities on the mainstem, Middle Fork, and North Fork of the John Day River.  Among the principle streams were Cottonwood, Long, Fox and Deer Creeks as well as the upper mainstem of the John Day River.  Specific activities include:    1.  Increasing the percentage of rearing pools available to juvenile fish.    2.  Creating holding areas for adult fish.    3.  Restoring old stream channels damaged by mining operations in the 1940s.    4.  Other habitat and riparian restoration efforts.    The project, which was initiated in FY 1984, has been extended to include new fencing project on the Middle Fork John Day River as well as ongoing O&M and M&E.

Publications:
John Day River Fish Habitat Enhancement, Annual Report 1987 [Z8];   
John Day River Subbasin Fish Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 16440-1;   
John Day River Basin Fish Habitat Improvement Implementation Plan DOE/BP 17460;   
John Day River Fish Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 17460-A;   
John Day River Fish Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 17460-B;   
John Day River Fish Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 17460-C;   
John Day River Fish Habitat Enhancement DOE/BP 17460-D

Results:
77.7 miles of riparian fencing, 125 livestock watergaps, 44 miles of stream  have had instream structures placed in them and about 1425 acres of riparian fenced area inspected and treated for noxious weeds.

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve the quantity and quality of spawning and rearing habitat available for salmon and steelhead through riparian fencing, planting, etc. in the John Day River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
An ODFW project to improve the quantity and quality of spawning and rearing habitat available for salmon and steelhead through riparian fencing, planting and instream work on Middle Fk and mainstem John Day River tributaries.

ProjectBackground:
The John Day River in northern Oregon supports one of the few remaining wild stocks of spring chinook salmon in the Columbia River Basin.  These fish and hatchery-supplemented steelhead trout runs in the John Day system have been depressed by adult and juvenile losses incurred at mainstem Columbia River hydroelectric projects.  Various nonhydro-related water uses in the John Day system have also affected these runs and, if repaired, present substantial enhancement opportunities to mitigate mortalities at mainstem dams.This project is comprised of numerous smaller projects throughout the John Day River subbasin.  These projects are aimed at restoring degraded instream and riparian habitats.

ShortTitle:
MAINSTEM & MIDDLE FORK JOHN DAY HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
ODFW Habitat Improvements on the Mainstem and Middle for of the John Day River


Milestones:
Primary treatment techniques included structural improvements for adult and juvenile passage; riparian protection; structural streambank stabilization; and structural rearing habitat  improvements. About 25 streams were so treated to varying degrees.

Publications:
Middle Fork John Day River & Tributaries Habitat Improvement Project [aka- DOE/BP 16064-C].  
Middle Fork John Day River  & Tributaries Habitat Improvement, Annual Report 1988 [aka- DOE/BP 16064-A].   
Middle Fork John Day River & Tributaries Fish Habitat Improvement Implementation Plan DOE/BP 16064-B.  
Middle Fork John Day River & Tributaries Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 16064-C

Results:
Improved riparian habitat and potential for increased salmonids.

ProjectShortDescription:
Implementation of a habitat improvement program for wild spring chinook and steelhead by the Malheur National Forest.  Project focuses on instream work in the John Day River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Implementation of a habitat improvement program for wild spring chinook and steelhead by the Malheur National Forest.  Project focused on instream work on abt 25 tributaries of the Middle Fk  & upper mainstem in the John Day River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Malheur National Forest desired to implement a habitat improvement program for wild spring Chinook salmon and summer steelhead on the Middle Fork John Day  River and tributaries and the main stem of the John Day River and its tributaries.  Treatment strategies were dependent on the limiting  factors of adult holding areas and rearing habitat for spring Chinook and rearing habitat for summer steelhead. Program goals included increased wild Chinook and steelhead productions, improved riparian habitat, improved water quality, and improved quantity of seasonal flow distribution.

ShortTitle:
MAINSTEM & UPPER JOHN DAY HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

LongTitle:
Habitat Improvements on the Mainstem and Middle Fork of the John Day River, Malheur National Forest


Milestones:
In 1984, the U.S. Forest Service, Intermountain Region, contracted with the BPA to improve habitat for anadromous fish. In l986-l988 4.3 miles of livestock exclosure fences were constructed.  One end-gap and two water-crossing corridors were constructed in l989.  A stream crossing ford was stabilized with angular cobble.  Streambank stabilization and instream habitat improvement work was completed at three sites and three additional instream structures were constructed.  In l991 a cattle guard and spring development were constructed to improve cattle distribution in Meyers cove.  Extensive habitat inventories were completed to identify the quality and quantity of habitat available to anadromous fish.  Fish population responses are being documented by IDFG as a part of BPA project 8300700.  Fish population responses to the project are being documented by the IDFG as a part of BPA Project 8300900.  The USDAFS will monitor the physical habitat changes due to the project which will be combined with the IDFG's biological data to estimate the fish population responses as the result of this project.Maintenance of the project over time is essential to assure the long-term increases in anadromous  fish production anticipated can be reached.

Publications:
Camas Creek (Meyers Cove) Anadromous Species Habitat Improvement Plan DOE/BP 64321-1; 
Camas Creek (Meyers Cove) Anadromous Species Habitat Improvement Plan DOE/BP 64321-2; 
Camas Creek (Meyers Cove) Anadromous Species Habitat Improvement Plan DOE/BP 64321-3;

Results:
Riparian areas have been reestablished, providing suitable habitat for migrating/spawning fish.  Fences and fording gates have provided conducive environment for increase in redds and less use of property within the fenced areas.The habit effort has resulted in significant improvements in the riparian vegetation and stream condition in the project area.  This project is expected to result in the production of an additional 4,586 smolt or 76 adult summer steelhead and 24,570 smolt or 128 adult spring chinook salmon (May and Rose, 1986).

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve stream bank conditions to increase spawning and rearing potential on Camas Creek, Idaho.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve stream bank conditions to increase spawning and rearing potential on Camas Creek, Idaho through riparian fencing, bank and instream work. M & E is conducted via projects 8300700 & 8300900.

ProjectBackground:
Chinook salmon and steelhead numbers in the Middle Fork of the Salmon River are at historical low numbers.  Measure 704(d)(1), Table 2 of the amended (1984) Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program identified the Middle Fork Salmon River for anadromous fish habitat improvement funding.  The project was designed to provide offsite mitigation for fish losses resulting from the Columbia River hydroelectric system (May and Rose, 1986).

LongTitle:
Camas Creek (Meyers Cove) Riparian Habitat Improvement, Salmon River Basin


Milestones:
Detailed surveys have measured the quantity of habitat that could be enhanced.  Data has been developed to quantify expected increases in fish habitat and fish standing crops using fish population/standing crop surveys and applicable data  from similar streams.  Measures to improve habitat, including in some cases fencing, streambank stabilization, and instream structures have been completed.  BPA and the USFS have agreed to plan and design these projects cooperatively; funding for implementation shall be accomplished on a cost sharing basis between the two Federal agencies.  During August and September 1995 a physical inventory was conducted on selected streams by USFS personnel.  Photo points were retaken at major project sites.  Adult chinook salmon spawning ground counts have occurred each August.  The upper Salmon River, Valley Creek, Pole Creeks and Knapp Creek were walked to tally chinook salmon spawning associated with project sites.  At the same time, Boise National Forest personnel  conduct an intensive inventory of spawning salmon in the Bear Valley drainage.

Publications:
Middle Fork & Upper Salmon River Habitat Improvement, Implementation Plan, FY 1988-1992 DOE/BP 17579-1; 
Anadromous Fish Habitat Enhancement for the Middle Fork & Upper Salmon River DOE/BP 17579-2; 
Field Review of Fish Habitat Improvement Projects in Central Idaho DOE/BP 61032-1

Results:
Clearer view of the habitat improvements need in this system.  Decided improvements to stream habitat have occurred as a result of our efforts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Operation and maintenance of salmon and steelhead habitat improvements in the Middle Fork Salmon River drainage and the Upper Salmon River drainage to insure long term benefits.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Survey & evaluate streams in the upper Middle Fk Salmon R and the upper Salmon River drainages. Improve stream habitat by riparian fencing and instream work. Continue with O&M of projects to insure long term benefits.

ProjectBackground:
Heavy livestock grazing and irrigation diversions have reduced the quantity and quality of salmon and steelhead habitat of the Middle Fork and Upper Salmon River and several of its tributaries.  Biologists identified specific reaches of the Upper Salmon River, Marsh Creek, and Elk Creek where habitat improvements could lead to increased salmon and steelhead habitat.

ShortTitle:
MARSH, ELK CREEK & UPPER SALMON RIVER HABITAT WORK

LongTitle:
Middle Fork and Upper Salmon River Habitat Evaluation, Improvements and O&M


ProjectTitle:
JOSEPH CREEK, GRANDE RONDE RIVER, OREGON (ODFW)

Milestones:
The primary objective has been to initiate activities which will, within 10 years of completion, result in optimum fish habitat conditions.  The project has been be divided into three components:  prework survey/design; implementation, including protection of riparian vegetation, vegetation planting to increase shade, and instream structures to improve pool/riffle ratios; and postwork maintenance/ monitoring.This project is comprised of numerous smaller habitat improvement projects throughout the Grand Ronde River subbasin.  All of these are aimed at restoring degraded instream and riparian habitats. The effort has been extended to include new fencing on Beaver Creek as well as ongoing O&M and M&E.  Additional  implementation was completed in 1994 with funds from outside (non-BPA) sources.

Publications:
Grande Ronde River Subbasin Fish Habitat Enhancement Project;  Joseph Creek & the Upper Grande Ronde River Drainage [Z40];   
Grande Ronde Habitat Improvement Project:  Joseph Creek & Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin DOE/BP 16114-A; 
Grande Ronde Habitat Improvement Project:  Joseph Creek & Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin DOE/BP 16114-B;   
Grande Ronde Habitat Improvement Project:  Joseph Creek & Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin DOE/BP 16114-C;   
Grande Ronde Habitat Improvement Project:  Joseph Creek & Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin DOE/BP 16114-D;   
Grande Ronde Habitat Improvement Project:  Joseph Creek & Upper Grande Ronde River Subbasin DOE/BP 16114-E;

Results:
Estimated annual increase in total habitat capability resulting from this work and with correction of downstream passage problems is nearly 4,000 spawning adults  At the end of the 1994/1995 contract period (Feb. 28 1995) the program had leased 45.1 miles of stream within the Grande Ronde River Basin.  Work completed on these projects includes 85.2 miles of riparian fencing, 20 off-site water developments, extensive instream habitat diversity and streambank stabilization work, and extensive planting of grasses, forbs, shrubs and trees..

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide additional spawning and/or rearing habitat for salmon and steelhead in the Grand Ronde Basin (i.e. Joseph Creek drainage and upper Grande Ronde R. and tribs.) by riparian fencing and instream work.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide additional spawning and/or rearing habitat for salmon and steelhead in the Grand Ronde Basin (i.e. Joseph Creek drainage and upper Grande Ronde R. and tribs.) by riparian fencing and instream work.

ProjectBackground:
Optimum rearing habitat for summer steelhead is severely limited in large portions of the Joseph Creek drainage primarily due to the lack of streamside cover, which results in high summertime water temperatures unsuitable for fish  life.  The goal of this project is to provide additional rearing habitat for increased steelhead smolt production as offsite mitigation for mainstem losses due to the Columbia River hydroelectric system.

LongTitle:
ODFW Grande Ronde River and Joseph Creek Habitat Improvement


Milestones:
This study identified problems, evaluated fishery potential, and recommended alternative methods for rehabilitating salmon and steelhead production in the Lemhi River. The Phase I  feasibility plan and design of flow enhancement alternatives was completed  in 1986.  The project was closed without further implementation.

Publications:
Lemhi River Habitat Improvement Study DOE/BP 17447-1

Results:
Recommendations of actions for restoration of Lemhi River summer flows

ProjectShortDescription:
Identifying problems in the Lemhi River Basin relating to fish survival..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify problems, evaluate fishery potential, and recommend alternative methods for rehabilitating salmon and steel head production in the Lemhi River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Lemhi River project involved a study of the Lehmi River valley composed primarily of private land.  A large amount of water from the 62-mile-long Lemhi River was being  diverted for irrigation purposes.  The resulting low flows (no flow in low water years) adversely affected juvenile salmon and steelhead rearing and adult passage. The enhancement of salmon and steelhead production was to be claimed as offsite mitigation credit.

LongTitle:
Lemhi River Habitat Rehabilitation Study


Milestones:
This study evaluated potential spawning and rearing habitat for Chinook and steelhead  in Panther Creek and its tributaries (a total of 13 streams), and recommended alternatives for detoxifying mine effluents sufficiently to permit the restoration of salmon and steelhead spawning and the rearing of juvenile salmonid within Panther Creek.  The feasibility study was completed in FY 1985.  The project was closed without further implementation due to legal issues regarding the mining cleanup.

Publications:
Habitat Rehabilitation - Panther Creek, Idaho DOE/BP 17449-1

Results:
Recommendations for detoxifying Panther Creek.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of potential spawning and rearing habitat for salmonids in the Panther Creek system; presentation of alternatives to clean up toxic mine discharges which currectly affect the streams..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of potential spawning & rearing habitat for salmonids in the Panther Creek system; presentation of alternatives to clean up toxic mine discharges which currectly affect the streams. The project was closed without implementation due legal issues

ProjectBackground:
Effluent from abandoned mines has created a toxic environment for most aquatic  life in Deer Creek and Blackbird Creek, which flow into Panther Creek, a tributary of the Middle Fork Salmon River.  No spring Chinook salmon or steelhead redds have been observed in Panther Creek since 1963.  This offsite mitigation project had the potential of adding 100 miles of salmon and steelhead production.

ShortTitle:
PANTHER CREEK HABITAT REHABILITATION STUDY

LongTitle:
Panther Creek Habitat Rehabilitation Study


ProjectTitle:
CLEARWATER BASIN AGREEMENT, HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

Milestones:
The Clearwater and Nez Perce National Forests signed a cost-share agreement with BPA to improve habitat in the tributaries of the Clearwater River.  This project funded habitat inventories of 30 streams as a preliminary step in determining future restoration efforts.

Publications:
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement, Volume II - Idaho DOE/BP 725

Results:
Inventory of habitat conditions in selected streams of the Clearwater Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identification of potential enchancement projects for anadromous fish in the Clearwater river basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identification of potential enchancement projects for anadromous fish by conducting habitat inventories of about 30 streams in the Clearwater river basin.

ProjectBackground:
Clearwater National Forest desired to implement habitat restoration on a number of streams in the Clearwater River Basin.

ShortTitle:
CLEARWATER BASIN  HABITAT IMPROVEMENT STUDY

LongTitle:
Clearwater River Habitat Improvement Study


Milestones:
The initial stage of this project involved siting and predesign studies for a hatchery to produce 200,000 summer steelhead juveniles for annual release into the Umatilla River.  BPA began funding hatchery design in FY 1986 and hatchery master planning in FY 1987.  The CTUIR and ODFW have been conducting a release program using fish from other hatcheries since 1982. The final design was completed during 1988, and the Master Plan was approved in October 1989.  Agreement was reached  in 1988 that the hatchery will be operated by ODFW as a joint facility with Irrigon Hatchery, and that the Umatilla Tribes will be responsible for preparing the annual operating plan.    The final design estimates revealed that the hatchery would cost more than originally expected.  The cost increases were due to design evolution, delays in project implementation, changing site conditions at the well, and water production shortfalls.  Costs have risen about $4.0 million to total $12.0 million.  Construction began in March 1990 and was completed that year.  Initial shakedown operations revealed several problems.  BPA, with ODFW, CTUIR and the Corps, have been identifying, prioritizing and fixing probelms over the last 4+ years.The contract with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) was extended in 1992 to allow the Corps to undertake certain remedial actions at the hatchery with remaining construction funds.

Publications:
Umatilla Hatchery Final Predesign Report DOE/BP 62251-1

Results:
The hatchery was completed in 1990 and is functioning though there are some problems associated with it.

ProjectShortDescription:
Design and construct the Umatilla hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Design and construct the Umatilla hatchery. It was completed in 1990.  Further work was needed to correct problems.

ProjectBackground:
The hatchery was needed to increase salmon and steelhead runs in the Umatilla River in order to mitigate for fish losses resulting from the impacts of mainstem Columbia River hydroelectric facilities.  A secondary purpose of the hatchery was to demonstrate oxygen supplementation technology.

LongTitle:
Umatilla Hatchery Design, Construction, and O&M


Milestones:
Purpose of project was to review 60 percent design cost estimates to confirm that design elements and corresponding costs were appropriate and reflected  real-world conditions.   The consultants’ report was used to refine estimates and provide direction during design completion.

Results:
Improved direction during design completion

ProjectShortDescription:
Review design cost estimates to confirm that design elements and costs were appropriate for the Umatilla Hatchery

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review design cost estimates to confirm that design elements and costs were appropriate for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
Various studies and activities were needed for the development of Umatilla Hatchery and its management.


Milestones:
A consultant analyzed the proposed O2 and Michigan rearing strategies. The consultant's input helped fine-tune the design and operation plans.

Results:
Plan of Michigan-style hatchery with O2 strategy

ProjectShortDescription:
An analysis of the O2 and Michigan rearing strategies proposed for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
An analysis of the O2 and Michigan rearing strategies proposed for the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
Various studies and activities were needed for the development of Umatilla Hatchery and its management. The  objective was to ensure that final designs incorporate accepted standards for Michigan-style rearing and to ensure that operational strategies reflect capabilities of the design.


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - TRIBAL FISH CULTURE TRNG PRGRM

Milestones:
Through this project eight Umatilla Tribal members were trained to as Hatchery Technician-1 for employment in Umatilla Hatchery Program Facilities.  The program involved both on-the-job training at regional  hatcheries and academic instruction.

ProjectShortDescription:
Training of Umatilla Tribal members to qualify as Hatchery Technicians for employment in the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Training of 8 Umatilla Tribal members to qualify as Hatchery Technicians for employment in the Umatilla Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - TRIBAL FISH CULTURE TRAINING

LongTitle:
Umatilla Hatchery Tribal Fish Culture Training Program


ProjectTitle:
REVIEW MTG FOR UMATILLA OXYGEN DESIGN (COCT)

Milestones:
This was a contract with Dr. John Colt to attend a joint discussion and site review at Willamette Hatchery, of the Oxygen (O2) design for Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Review of the O2 design for raceways at the Umatilla Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review of the O2 design for raceways at the Umatilla Hatchery  using the Willamette Hatchery facilities at Oakridge, OR.

ProjectBackground:
Various studies were needed for the development of Umatilla Hatchery and its management. Objective was to determine adequacy of O2 system as designed to effectively  transfer O2 to raceways.

ShortTitle:
REVIEW OF UMATILLA HATCHERY OXYGEN DESIGN

LongTitle:
Review Meeting withColt on Umatilla Oxygen Design


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - DESIGN CHANGE ORDER CONSULTANT

Milestones:
Dr. John Colt examined components of the Umatilla Hatchery O2 program in light of problems identified in the Willamette project and gave recommendations for their solution.

Publications:
Evaluation of the Pure Oxygen System at the Umatilla Hatchery DOE/BP 10722-1

ProjectShortDescription:
Review problems with O2 design at Willamette Hatchery as part of the Umatilla Hatchery effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Review problems with O2 design at Willamette Hatchery, Oakridge, OR as part of the Umatilla Hatchery effort.

ProjectBackground:
Various studies were needed for the development of Umatilla Hatchery and its management.

ShortTitle:
UMATILLA HATCHERY - DESIGN CHANGE ORDER CONSULTANT

LongTitle:
Umatilla Hatchery Oxygen Design Change Order Consultant


Milestones:
Recommendations on water supply alternatives made in 1992; predesign of Umatilla-Irrigon water supply connection - 1994.  Review of Corps ongoing design work for Irrigon hatchery.

Results:
Tentative solutions for the water supply of the Umatilla and Irrigon Hatcheries.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study various alternative measures for augmenting water supplies at Umatilla and Irrigon hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study various alternative measures for augmenting water supplies at Umatilla and Irrigon hatcheries.

ProjectBackground:
One of the problems which emerged after the construction of the Umatilla Hatchery was that of the water supply.  In response to inadequate existing water supply and potential further reductions due to John Day pool drawdown, study was started to identify and evaluate alternatives.


ProjectShortDescription:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.


ProjectTitle:
WILLAMETTE RIVER PROJECTS WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY

Milestones:
Habitat based assessments were conducted on the federal hydroelectric projects in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon (Big Cliff, Detroit, Cougar, Foster, Green Peter, Dexter, Lookout Point, and Hills Creek Dams), to determine losses or gains to wildlife and/or wildlife habitat resulting from the  development and operation of the hydroelectric-related components of the facilities.  Preconstruction, postconstruction, and recent vegetation cover types at the project sites were mapped based on aerial photographs.  Vegetation cover types were identified within the affected areas and acreages of each type at each period were determined.  Wildlife target species were selected to represent a cross-section of species groups affected by the projects.  An inter-agency team evaluated the suitability of the habitat to support the target species at each project for each time period.  An evaluation procedure which accounted for both the quantity and quality of habitat was used to aid in assessing impacts resulting from the projects.  The  Willamette projects affected 33,407 acres of land and river in the McKenzie, Middle Fork Willamette, and Santiam drainages.  Impacts to wildlife centered around the loss of 5,184 acres of old-growth conifer forest, and 2,850 acres of riparian hardwood and shrub cover types.  Impacts resulting from the Willamette projects included the loss of critical winter range for black-tailed deer and Roosevelt elk, and the loss of year-round habitat for deer, upland game birds, furbearers, spotted owls, pileated woodpeckers, and many other wildlife species.  Bald eagles and ospreys were benefited by an increase in foraging habitat.

Publications:
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment at Hills Creek Dam & Reservoir Project, Middle Fork Willamette River , Oregon DOE/BP 18969-1.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment at Green Peter-Foster Project, Middle Fork Santiam River , Oregon DOE/BP 18969-2. 
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment at Dexter Dam & Reservoir Project, Middle Fork Willamette River , Oregon DOE/BP 18969-3.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment at Detroit/Big Cliff Dam & Reservoir Project, North Santiam River, Oregon DOE/BP 18969-4.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment at Cougar Dam & Reservoir Project, South Fork McKenzie River Oregon DOE/BP 18969-5.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment Summary at Federal Hydroelectric Facilities, Willamette River Basin, Oregon DOE/BP 18969-6.  
Wildlife & Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessment Summary at Lookout Point Dam & Reservoir Project, Middle Fork Willamette River  Oregon DOE/BP 18969-7

Results:
Assessment of wildlife and wildlife habitat losses due to federal hydroelectric projects in the Willamette Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of impacts of Federal hydroelectric facilities in the Willamette Basin of Oregon on wildlife and their habitat and identification of possible mitigation efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of impacts of Federal hydroelectric facilities (Big Cliff, Detroit, Cougar, Foster, Green Peter, Dexter, Lookout Point & Hills Cr) in the Willamette Basin, OR on wildlife and their habitat and identification of possible mitigation efforts.

ProjectBackground:
Inundation and water level fluctuations at the Willamette River Basin Federal hydroelectric facilities have affected wildlife and wildlife habitat.  Studies were needed to assess these impacts and to develop mitigation recommendations.

ShortTitle:
WILLAMETTE HYDRO PROJECTS WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY

LongTitle:
Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessments for Willamette River Basin Federal Hydroelectrical Facilities


ProjectTitle:
WILDLIFE LOSS ASSESSMENT PALISADES IDAHO

Milestones:
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service estimated wildlife losses from the development of Palisades Dam using the Habitat Evaluation Procedure (HEP).  Eight evaluation species were selected and habitat units (HU's) lost were estimated for these species.  The evaluation estimated a loss of 2,454 HU's of  mule deer habitat; 2,276 HU's of mink habitat, 2,622 HU's of mallard habitat, 805 HU's of Canada goose habitat, 2,331 HU's of ruffed grouse habitat, 5,941 and 18,565 HU's for breeding and wintering bald eagles, and 1,336 and  704 HU's for forested and scrub-shrub wetland non-game species.

Publications:
Wildlife Impact Assessment - Palisades Project, Idaho DOE/BP 18968-1

Results:
Assessment of wildlife and wildlife habitat losses due to the Palisades Dam and Reservoir.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of impacts of Palisades Dam in Idaho on wildlife and their habitat and identification of possible mitigation efforts.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of impacts of Palisades Dam on the South Fork of the Snake River in Idaho on wildlife and their habitat using HEP analysis.  Identification of possible mitigation efforts.

ProjectBackground:
Inundation and water level fluctuations at the Palisades Dam on the South Fork of  the Snake River in Idaho, affected wildlife and wildlife habitat.  An evaluation was necessary to determine these impacts and possible mitigation.

ShortTitle:
WILDLIFE LOSS ASSESSMENT FOR PALISADES DAM

LongTitle:
Wildlife Loss Assessment of Palisades Dam


ProjectTitle:
URAL-TWEEN BIGHORN SHEEP MIT.,HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

Milestones:
The Forest Service modified existing habitat conditions by developing new grass stands and rejuvenating existing  grass and shrub stands that were in poor condition. Logging, clearing, burning and seeding were imployed in this effort.  This project functioned in conjunction with 8403900 which was the research phase.

Publications:
Ural-Tweed Bighorn Sheep - Wildlife Mitigation DOE/BP 18966-1.  
Ural Tweed Bighorn Sheep Wildlife Mitigation Project DOE/BP 18966-2.  
Ural-Tweed Bighorn Sheep Wildlife Mitigation Project DOE/BP 18966-3

Results:
Enhancement of approximately 1,500 acres of critical spring and winter range for bighorn sheep.

ProjectShortDescription:
Developing and rejuvanting critical winter and spring range of bighorn sheep lost by the construction of Libby Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Developing and rejuvenating critical winter and spring range of bighorn sheep lost by the construction of Libby Dam. Functioned in conjunction with project 8403900. Abt 1,500 acres were improved in the Lake Koocanusa Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Important segments of the Ural-Tweed bighorn sheep spring and winter range have been lost due to hydroelectric development and subsequent flooding from impoundment of the Kootenai River by Libby Dam.  The resulting formation of  Lake Koocanusa inundated approximately 4,350 acres of crucial winter and spring ranges. The primary objective of this project was to improve winter and spring range for bighorn sheep in the Lake Koocanusa Basin.  The associated project 8403900 was to evaluate the impacts of these efforts.

ShortTitle:
URAL-TWEED BIGHORN SHEEP HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

LongTitle:
Lake Koocanusa Basin (Ural-Tweed) Bighorn Sheep Wildlife Habitat Improvement (USFS)


Milestones:
Baseline information on habitat conditions and big horn sheep population was obtained.  Researchers monitored habitat and sheep response to enhancement activities, and developed a long-term habitat improvement program.  This project functioned in conjunction with 8403800.

ProjectShortDescription:
Obtain baseline information on bighorn sheep numbers in the Lake Koocanusa basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Obtain baseline information on bighorn sheep numbers in the Lake Koocanusa basin. Functioned in conjunction with project 8403800.

ProjectBackground:
Important segments of the Ural-Tweed bighorn sheep spring and winter range have been lost due to hydroelectric development and subsequent flooding from impoundment of the Kootenai River by Libby Dam.  The resulting formation of  Lake Koocanusa inundated approximately 4,350 acres of crucial winter and spring ranges. Associated project 8403800 was to improve winter and spring range for bighorn sheep in the Lake Koocanusa Basin.  This project was to to study the impacts of such efforts.

ShortTitle:
URAL-TWEED BIGHORN SHEEP POPULATION STUDY

LongTitle:
Lake Koocanusa (Ural-Tweed) Bighorn Sheep Population Study


ProjectTitle:
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RIVERS STUDY ASSESSMENT

Milestones:
Data was compiled from a variety of sources. Seven detailed resource databases were developed: anadromous fish,  resident fish, wildlife, natural features, cultural features, recreation and institutional constraints. Projected uses included the Council's Protected Areas Program, System Planning, and regional hydropower supply curves. The continued promotion of a consistent regional  data structure will, at a minimum, prove invaluable to future BPA marketing  programs, fish and wildlife activities such as Protected Areas, transmission policies, marketability determinations, and environmental activities.

Results:
The data collected during the Rivers Study is now maintained at BPA as the Northwest Environmental Data Base or NED.

ProjectShortDescription:
Gather data on NW rivers for the Northwest Environmental Data Base maintained by BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Gathered data on NW rivers for the Northwest Environmental Data Base (NED) maintained by BPA. Seven  databases were developed: anadromous fish, resident fish, wildlife, natural features, cultural features, recreation & institutional constraints.

ProjectBackground:
The Pacific Northwest Rivers Study began in 1984 as a cooperative effort by  BPA, the Council, the four Northwest states, Indian tribes and Federal land management agencies to inventory and assess under contract the significance of the region's rivers.

ShortTitle:
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RIVERS STUDY, DEVELOP NED

LongTitle:
Pacific Northwest Rivers Study: Develop Northwest Environmental Data Base (NED)


Milestones:
This study examined and analyzed literature on those effects of  hydroelectric development that may have cumulative effects on fish and  wildlife resources.  Existing techniques for assessment of hydroelectric effects were analyzed and recommended for inclusion in a methodology for  use by hydroelectric operators, planners, and others in their review of proposed hydroelectric development in the region. The methodology was field-tested during FY 1985 and modified as appropriate.

Publications:
Key Fish & Wildlife Species & Habitats in the Columbia River Basin Potentially Affected in a Cumulative Manner by Hydroelectric Development DOE/BP 19461-1.   
An Inventory of Catch & Escapement Data for Columbia River Salmon & Steelhead DOE/BP 19461-2.  
Methodologies for Assessing the Cumulative Environmental Effects of Hydroelectric Development of Fish & Wildlife in the Columbia River Basin Volume I:  Recommendation DOE/BP 19461-3.  
Methodologies for Assessing the Cumulative Environmental Effects of Hydroelectric Development of Fish & Wildlife in the Columbia River Basin Volume II:  Example & Procedural Guidelines DOE/BP 19461-4

Results:
The methodology was incorporated by the Northwest Power Planning Council into its Fish and  Wildlife Program and Energy Plan.

ProjectShortDescription:
Analysis of hydroelectric project cumulative effects on fish and wildlife and development of methodology to determine impacts in the future.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Analysis of hydroelectric project cumulative effects on fish & wildlife & development of methodology to determine impacts in the future. Field test in 1985 resulted in modifications & incorporation of the methodology in the NPPC Fish & Wildlife Program.

ProjectBackground:
Past hydroelectric planning and development did not provide necessary consideration of the cumulative effects of individual hydroelectric projects on fish and wildlife in relation to the effects of other existing and proposed  projects.  This resulted in large cumulative losses of fish and wildlife resources. The objective of this study is to minimize any additional  conflicts from future hydroelectric development.

LongTitle:
Determination of Methods for Assessing Cumulative Environmental Effects of Hydroelectric Development on Fish and Wildlife in the Columbia River Basin


Milestones:
This project evaluated procedures used in determining the numbers and distribution of migrating adults within the system and compiled all available data pertaining to fish losses between dams.  Researchers collated all available dam counts at Lower Columbia and Snake River Dams and described counting  procedures.  They obtained all available information and identified significant data gaps on harvest, tributary turnoff, reservoir and dam  mortality, and mainstem (reservoir) spawning; described all accounting procedures; and estimated their precision and accuracy.  They analyzed data  to determine year and locations where significant losses or discrepancies occurred; evaluated potential relationships between losses and flows, water temperatures, accounting procedures, and other factors that might explain each  discrepancy or loss; identified remaining unexplained mortality, discrepancies, and losses by year and location; and recommended procedures or studies needed to  resolve or explain mortality, discrepancy, and losses for those species and  locations that consistently exhibit such problems.

Results:
Better understanding of adult salmonid losses .

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluation of procedures used in determining the numbers and distribution of migrating adults in the Columbia River system and recommend procedures for resolve discrepancies.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of procedures used in determining the numbers and distribution of migrating adults in the Columbia River system and recommend procedures for resolve discrepancies. Particular attention given to mainstem adult losses between dams.

ProjectBackground:
Unaccountable losses of adult salmon and steelhead have occurred between hydroelectric facilities in the Columbia River.  The discrepancy in numbers of  fish reported between dams has been attributed to four main causes:  (1) problems at dams; (2) bio/environmental causes; (3) harvest-related problems; and (4) tributary turnoff and mainstem spawning.

LongTitle:
Adult Salmonid Accounting procedures: Radio Tracking of Upriver Bright  Fall Chinook Salmon


ProjectTitle:
EVALUATION OF A SUBUNIT VACCINE AGAINST IHN

Milestones:
This project focused on developing a  sub-unit-vaccine that would protect salmon and steelhead from IHN.  As a part of this project, IHN-specific proteins were produced by bacterial clones  and used to induce immunity to IHN in salmon.  Researchers conducted field tests to determine if these efforts to induce immunity would protect salmon and  steelhead.  The duration of induced immunity was determined in laboratory-reared rainbow trout, steelhead trout, and sockeye salmon.  Biologists also evaluated various methods for immunizing fish against IHN and developed protocols for vaccine production through evaluation of various cloning processes.

Publications:
Evaluation of a Subunit Vaccine to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) Virus DOE/BP 16479-1.  
Evaluation of a Subunit Vaccine to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus DOE/BP 16479-2.  
Evaluation of a Subunit Vaccine to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus DOE/BP 16479-3.  
Evaluation of a Subunit Vaccine to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus DOE/BP 16479-4.  
Evaluation of a Subunit Vaccine to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus DOE/BP 16479-5

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop and test a vaccine against IHN, a.devasting viral infection, for salmon and steelhead rasied in NW  hatcheries

ProjectBackground:
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) is a viral disease of fish that, in  recent years, has caused significant mortality at salmon and steelhead  hatcheries built to mitigate losses resulting from hydroelectric development through the Columbia River Basin. Losses have been up to 80 percent of the production in recent years.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF A SUBUNIT VACCINE AGAINST IHN

LongTitle:
Evaluation of a Subunit Vaccine Against the Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) Virus


Milestones:
This project isolated and identified pathogens, characterized their induced pathology, determined levels of endotoxin, and investigated remedial actions.

Publications:
Etiology of Early Lifestage Diseases DOE/BP 18186-1

Results:
Better understanding of maternally transferred diseases and possible controls.

ProjectShortDescription:
Identify pathogens associated with maternally transferred pathogens in anadromous fish and investigate remedial actions.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify pathogens associated with maternally transferred pathogens in anadromous fish and investigate remedial actions.

ProjectBackground:
Mitigation of losses of fish due to hydroelectric developments are hampered by fish diseases that are unavoidably transmitted from mother to egg before spawning.  Maternally transferred pathogens are particularly troublesome because their presence during embryogenesis tends to give the developing immune system a false impression that they are "self" or part of the fish.  As one result, the host fish will usually not fight the disease.  Bacterial kidney disease and IHN have been identified as maternally transferred in egg yolk.

ShortTitle:
ETIOLOGY OF EARLY SALMONID LIFESTAGE DISEASES

LongTitle:
Etiology Of Early Salmonid Lifestage Diseases


ProjectTitle:
EFF OF NUTRITION ON IMMUNE RESPONSES OF SALMON

Milestones:
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service determined the amounts of selected vitamins  (pyridoxine, folic acid, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, and alpha-tocopherol) required to assure maximum growth and maximum immune  responses and resistance to AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA and RENIBACTERIUM  SALMONINARUM.  Results indicated that the dietary levels of the test vitamins recommended for maximum growth by the National Research Council (NRC) were ample for growth and immunological function under laboratory conditions.  This  was a cooperative effort with Oregon State University (Project 8494500).

Publications:
Effects of Vitamin Nutrition on the Immune Response of Hatchery-Reared Salmonids DOE/BP 18010-1. 
Effects of Vitamin Nutrition on the Immune Response of Hatchery-Reared Salmonids DOE/BP 18010-2

Results:
Increased control of fish diseases and better quality smolts, which translates into more adult salmon. Improved knowledge of fish immune systems. More efficient fish disease control efforts in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Identify amounts of specific vitamins required to assure maximum growth and immune responses and resistance to Aeromonas salmonicida & Renibacterium salmoninarum in salmonids. Conducted in conjuction with project 8494500 at OSU.

ProjectBackground:
New data pointed to the possibility that increased vitamin levels help protect fish from infectious diseases. However, the amounts required for maximum disease protection had not yet been identified for hatchery-reared salmonids.

ShortTitle:
EFFECT OF NUTRITION ON IMMUNE RESPONSES OF SALMON

LongTitle:
Effects of Vitamin Nutrition on the Immune Response of Hatchery-Reared Salmonids


ProjectTitle:
DEVEL OF A VACCINE FOR BACTERIAL KIDNEY DISEASE

Milestones:
Researchers examined candidate antigens, methods of immune response evaluation, application of possible modulatory substances, and efficacy evaluation of the final products.  Evaluation of a variety of antigens, adjuvants, immune responses, and survival data led the researchers to recommend that attempts at prophylaxis against Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) should center upon the elicitation of cellular immunity utilizing preparations of MYCOBACTERIUM CHELONII.  Data shows that M. CHELONII alone is capable of  producing prophylaxis to BKD, however, this is likely due to the induction of non-specific immunity and not to the existence of crossreactive antigens. Future studies should be devoted to further work on the induction of specific immunoprophylaxis incorporating this agent. Early life history requirement will be used by managers to assess availability  of sturgeon habitat.  Genetic distinctions will be used by managers to select the right stocks for enhancement programs.

Publications:
Annual Reports to BPA - DOE R7 363/R21-18952-1/R31 18952-2/R40-18952-3.   
Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease in Salmon DOE/BP 16480-1.  
Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease in Salmon DOE/BP 16480-2. 
Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease in Salmon DOE/BP 16480-3.  
Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease in Salmon DOE/BP 16480-4.  
Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease in Salmon DOE/BP 16480-5

ProjectShortDescription:
Study of ways to control BKD through antigen - antibody reactions.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study of ways to control BKD, a major disease of salmon and steelhead, through antigen - antibody reactions.

ProjectBackground:
Hatchery mitigation of fish losses resulting from hydroelectric development is seriously hindered by Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) which causes extensive mortality to salmon and steelhead trout.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP VACCINE FOR BACTERIAL KIDNEY DISEASE -BKD

LongTitle:
Development of a Vaccine for Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) in Salmon


ProjectTitle:
FINAL DESIGN SCREENS / LADDERS AT HORN RAPIDS, W

Milestones:
Designed the screens and ladders for the Richland Canal and Sunnyside Division Dam projects. Some work done as well on the Wapato Diversion Dam screens.

Results:
Final designs for Richland and Sunnyside projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Final design of the screens at Horn Rapids and Richland Canal.. Work on screen project at Wapato and Sunnyside dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Final design of the screens at Horn Rapids (Richland Canal) and  Wapato and Sunnyside Dams  in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
During the irrigation season, March through October, large quantities of water  are diverted from the Yakima River to major irrigation canals.  The Richland Canal at Horn Rapids Diversion Dam, in the Lower Yakima River, has inadequate juvenile salmon and steelhead  fish passage screening facilities which increase fish mortality during  outmigration.  The Sunnyside Division Dam has outdated adult salmon and steelhead fish ladders which delay the upriver migration of these salmonids

ShortTitle:
FINAL DESIGN- SUNNYSIDE, WAPATO, RICHLAND  PASSAGE

LongTitle:
Final Design and Specifications for Wapato and Sunnyside Fish Ladders, and Richland Canal Screens at Horn Rapids Dam


ProjectTitle:
PREDESIGN PHASE, REMAINING 10 YAKIMA BASIN PROJECT

Milestones:
BPA initiated the preliminary design of the remaining fish screens (10) which were part of this phase of the Yakima project. The sites included Satus Creek Diversion, Toppenish Creek Upper Diversion, Marion Drain Diversion, Taneum Creek Diversion, Sipes-Allen ladder/screen, Westside Canal, Thorpe Mill Ditch, Ellensburg Town Diversion, Stevens Ditch.

Results:
Designs for 10 screening projects in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Predesign of fish screens and ladders (10) for the Yakima Basin.  This is a continuation of 8400100. Sites include projects on Staus Creek, upper Toppenish Creek, Marion Drain, Taneum Diversion, Snipes/Allen Canal, Westside Ditch, Ellensburg Town Diversion and Stevens Ditch.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Predesign of 10 Yakima Basin fish screens & ladders [continuation of 8400100.] Sites include  Staus Cr, Toppenish Cr, Marion Drain, Taneum Diversion, Snipes/Allen Canal, Westside Ditch, Ellensburg Town Diversion and Stevens Ditch.

ProjectBackground:
his is a continuation of project 8400100.  The Yakima River Basin of Washington State once hosted more that 500,000 adult salmon and steelhead annually.  Due to a variety of adverse factors, including  decreased instream flows and irrigation water withdrawals, the adult returns of anadromous fish by 1980 had been reduced to about 2,500.  In a cooperative effort with USBR, BIA, the Yakima Indian Nation, and the State of Washington, BPA initiated the preliminary design of some 20 fish screen and ladder  facilities to be constructed through 1989.  The screening facilities assist  the juvenile outmigrating salmon to exit irrigation canals and return to the river.  Fish ladders provide improved upstream passage for adult salmon and  steelhead.

ShortTitle:
PREDESIGN OF REMAINING 10 YAKIMA SCREEN PROJECTS

LongTitle:
Predesign Phase of the Remaining 10 Yakima Basin Screen Projects


ProjectTitle:
ADMINISTRATORS OBLIGATION / CREDITING PROCEDURES

Milestones:
This project developed methods to systematically quantify contemporaneous anadromous fish losses attributable to development  and operation of the FCRPS.  This project will developed information needed for the Administrator to comment on the methodology proposed by the NPPC for estimating losses due to the FCRPS.  The project provided the foundation for formulating a major project to develop an administrative procedure for determining losses and for crediting mitigation projects to reduction of the outstanding obligation of  the Administrator.  During FY 1985 existing procedures for estimating losses were inventoried, evaluated, and tested.

Results:
A method to quantify anadromous fish losses due to the hydrosystem projects.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop methods to systematically quantify contemporaneous anadromous fish lossed attributable to development and operation of the FCRPS.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop methods to systematically quantify contemporaneous anadromous fish losses attributable to development and operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System.

ProjectBackground:
The extent of the responsibility of BPA ratepayers for impacts to fish and wildlife due to development and operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) must be quantified (section 4(h)(10)(A) of the Pacific Northwest Power Act).

ShortTitle:
QUANTIFY LOSS MITIGATION FOR DAM OPERATIONS

LongTitle:
Administrators Obligation and Crediting Procedures: Quantify Loss Mitigation for Dam Operations


ProjectTitle:
SURVEY OF ARTIFICIAL SAL PRO COL RV-PHA -  86-83

Milestones:
Researchers compiled available  information on existing and surveyed potential sites for anadromous (salmon  and steelhead) fish hatcheries.  The survey included over 75 public fishculture facilities.  The survey  reported available water supply by months, general water quality characteristics, and an engineering appraisal of the size and condition of each facility.  Numerous data were compiled on the general operating plan and costs at each facility, species and amounts reared recently, impediments and fully potential production.  The data was compiled into a written summary report, written data appendices, and recorded appendices on computer disks for  future/collateral analyses.  The project was completed in FY 1985.

Publications:
Survey of Artificial Production of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 17100-1

Results:
Data file on existing hatcheries and potential sites.

ProjectShortDescription:
Compilation of existing and potential sites for anadromous fish hatcheries with emphasis on water resources.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Compilation of existing and potential sites for anadromous fish hatcheries with emphasis on water resources. Over 75 public fish culture facilities in the NW were reviewed.

ProjectBackground:
This project was specifically requested in Northwest Power Planning Council  Fish and Wildlife Program Measure 704(f)(1).

ShortTitle:
SURVEY OF ARTIFICIAL SALMON PRODUCTION FACILITIES

LongTitle:
Survey of Artificial Production Facilities for Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin


Milestones:
This project supported a workshop which defined the problems and priorities  regarding smolt release, quality standards for smolts, the incorporation of the smolt index with the water budget (both to cut costs and to speed migration),and additional research, to refine smolt production techniques.

Publications:
Improving Hatchery Effectiveness as Related to Smoltification DOE/BP 899

Results:
Workshop, better understanding of smolt-related issues.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund work defining problems and priorities regarding smolt release.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund workshop defining problems and priorities regarding smolt release and other smolt related issues.

ProjectBackground:
Issues surround smolt release needed discussion.

LongTitle:
Workshop on Identification and Prioritization of Projects on Salmon and Steelhead Smolts


ProjectTitle:
JUVENILE SALMONID MON AT ROCK ISLAND DAM

Milestones:
BPA assisted the Chelan County Public Utility in funding smolt monitoring at Rock Island Dam.

Publications:
Juvenile Salmonid Monitoring at Rock Island Dam Bypass Sampler DOE/BP 22311-1.  
Juvenile Salmonids Monitoring at Rock Island Dam Bypass Sampler DOE/BP 61748-1.  
Rock Island Dam Smolt Monitoring, 1987 DOE/BP 61748-2.  
Rock Island Dam Smolt Monitoring DOE/BP 61748-3

Results:
Clearer understanding of problems associated with smolt migration.

ProjectShortDescription:
Collecting fish tag information from projects 8401600 and 8401700 at Rock Island Dam to increase the efficiency of water budget management.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Collecting fish tag information from projects 8401600 and 8401700 at Rock Island Dam on the Columbia to increase the efficiency of water budget management.

ShortTitle:
JUVENILE SALMONID MONITORING  AT ROCK ISLAND DAM

LongTitle:
Juvenile Salmonid Monitoring at Rock Island Dam Bypass Sampler


Milestones:
Construction of the Sunnyside screens began in FY 1984 and was completed in March 1985

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of fish screens in the Sunnyside Canal.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of fish screens in the Sunnyside Canal, Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
During the irrigation season, March through October, large quantities of water  are directed from the Yakima River to the major irrigation canals.  The Sunnyside Valley Irrigation District operates the Sunnyside Canal, about  10 miles south of the City of Yakima.  BPA funded the construction of fish  screens in the Sunnyside Canal to direct outmigrating juvenile salmon and steelhead back to the Yakima River.  The project was funded as offsite  mitigation for salmon and steelhead losses attributable to Columbia River hydroelectric facilities.


Milestones:
BPA funded fish screens in Richland Canal at Horn Rapids Dam, to direct the young salmon and steelhead back to the Yakima River.  Construction of the Richland Canal screens at Horn Rapids Dam began in FY 1984 and was completed in March 1985.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of fish screens in Richland Canal at Horn Rapids Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of fish screens in Richland Canal at Horn Rapids Dam in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
A network of irrigation canals divert water from the Yakima River for use by various agricultural interests in the Yakima River Basin of central  Washington.  Juvenile salmon and steelhead often stray into these canals during their outmigration to the sea.  The project was funded as offsite mitigation for salmon and steelhead losses attributable to Columbia River hydroelectric projects.


Milestones:
Fish screens were constructed to direct the young fish back to the Yakima River to continue their outmigration to the sea.  In addition, BPA and the BIA have constructed fish ladders at the diversion dams to assist adult salmon and  steelhead over the dams to return to their native spawning areas. Construction began in FY 1985 and was  completed in March 1986.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of fish screens and ladders at the Wapato Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of fish screens and ladders at the Wapato Diversion Dam in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Wapato Irrigation District of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), operates  Wapato Diversion Dam and irrigation system.  This and other irrigation  projects often trap juvenile salmon and steelhead in the irrigation canals.  The project  was funded as offsite mitigation for fish losses attributable to Columbia River hydroelectric facilities


ProjectTitle:
TOPPENISH CR/SATUS UNIT SCREENS / LADDER CNSTR

Milestones:
BPA funded the construction of a ladder and set of screens to facilitate the normal migration of salmon and steelhead up Toppenish Creek. Construction began in FY 1985 and was completed in FY 1986.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of fish screens and laddrs at the Status Unit Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of fish screens and ladders at the Status Unit Diversion Dam in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Toppenish Creek is a major steelhead and fall Chinook production stream within  the Yakima River Basin.  During the irrigation season, March through October, the Status Unit Diversion Dam blocks the upstream passage of adult salmon and steelhead, and allows juvenile fish to stray into the Status Unit irrigation canal.   The project was  funded as offsite mitigation for losses attributable to Columbia River  hydroelectric facilities

ShortTitle:
TOPPENISH CREEK AND SATUS UNIT SCREENS AND LADDER

LongTitle:
Toppenish Creek and Status Unit Screens And Ladder Construction


Milestones:
BPA funded the installation of rotary drum screens in the Richland Canal to effectively bypass juveniles back to the Yakima River so they could outmigrate to the ocean.  Construction began in FY 85 and was completed in March 1985.

Results:
Installation of rotary drum screens at Horn Rapids Dam/Richland Canal.

ProjectShortDescription:
Installation of rotary drum screens in Richland Canal at Horn Rapids Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Installation of rotary drum screens in Richland Canal at Horn Rapids Diversion Dam in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Horn Rapids Diversion Dam, situated in the lower Yakima River, is an impediment to all outmigrating juvenile salmon and steelhead of the Yakima River Basin.

LongTitle:
Richland Canal Fish Screen Construction, at Horn Rapids Diversion Dam


ProjectTitle:
SUNNYSIDE LADDERS / OLD RES CANAL SCREENS CONSTR

Milestones:
BPA funded fish ladder improvements as offsite mitigation for fish losses attributable to  Columbia River hydroelectric facilities.  Ladder reconstruction was completed in  FY 1985.  The Old Reservation Canal project was determined to be not needed and deleted from the program.

ProjectShortDescription:
Improve the fish ladders at Sunnyside Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve the fish ladders at Sunnyside Diversion Dam in the Yakima River Basin..

ProjectBackground:
The fish ladders at Sunnyside Diversion Dam did not adequately pass adult salmon and steelhead during their upstream migration.


ProjectTitle:
COORDINATION OF TROUT CREEK HABITAT RESTORATION

Milestones:
Riparian or pasture fences were constructed in 17 drainages.  Instream work was done in most locations as well.  Approximately 30 screens were installed - both rotary and pump style.  In 1993 work was completed and O&M and monitoring and evaluation began (see probject 9404200).

Publications:
Fish Habitat Improvement Projects in the Fifteenmile Creek & Trout Creek Basins of Central Oregon: Field Review & Management Recommendations DOE/BP 18955-1

Results:
Increased habitat for Trout Creek steelhead populations.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct riparian fences and  instream structures to enhance streams of the Trout Creek system.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct riparian fences and  instream structures to enhance 17 streams of the Trout Creek system. Install pump screens and rotary screen (abt 30 total) on various irrigation intakes throughout the basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Trout Creek project included several steps.The first (Project 8342300) included a basin overview; comprehensive field study and analysis, and development of a technical plan with enhancement recommendations;The second (Project 8400700) included landowner coordination and final technical plan.

ShortTitle:
IMPLEMENTATION OF TROUT CREEK HABITAT RESTORATION

LongTitle:
Implementation of Trout Creek Habitat Restoration Project


Milestones:
Developed formalized procedures for evaluations of project proposals as well as active and closed projects in conjunction with federal and state agencies and Indian tribes.

Publications:
Analysis & Development of a Project Evaluation Process, January 1985 DOE/BP 391

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop formalized procedures for evaluation of project proposals submited to BPA. Work with federal and state agencies and Indian tribes in this effort.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop formalized procedures for evaluation of project proposals submited to BPA. Work with federal and state agencies and Indian tribes in this effort.

ProjectBackground:
BPA has responsibility, assigned by law for implementing the fish and wildlife program of the NPPC.  One aspect of this responsibility is evaluation of project proposals and ongoing and completed projects.

ShortTitle:
FORMALIZE PROCEDURES FOR  PROPOSAL EVALUATIONS

LongTitle:
Formalize Procedures for Evaluation of Project Proposals


Milestones:
Phase I of the project, estimated outmigrant survival at the falls, disease impacts by salmon on resident fish, and habitat potential for salmon and/or steelhead.  This project surveyed approximately 30 tributaries of the White River for stream conditions and fisheries.  Phase II would have been the actual introduction and evaluation of anadromous species in White River.  It was decided that this was unwise because of risks to native resident fish and the project was dropped.

Publications:
White River Falls Fish Passage Project, Volume II [of III]:  Appendix A, Fisheries Habitat Inventory DOE/BP 12910-2.  
White River Falls Fish Passage Project, Volume III [of III]:  Appendix B-Fisheries Report, Appendix C-Engineering Alternative Evaluation, Appendix D-Benefit/Cost Analysis DOE/BP 12910-3.  
Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement -  Volume I - Oregon:  Supplement C: White River Habitat Inventory DOE/BP 240.  Natural Propagation & Habitat Improvement:  Volume I - Oregon:  Supplement D: White River Falls Fisheries & Habitat Inventory DOE/BP 268

Results:
Inventory of stream and fishery conditions in the White River drainage.

ProjectShortDescription:
Survey of the streams in the White River Basin for their anadromous potential and the impacts on resident fish if the White River Falls could be bypassed by salmonids.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Survey of abt 30 streams in the White River Basin for their anadromous potential and the impacts on resident fish if the White River Falls could be bypassed.  Due to the probable negative effect on resident fish the project was terminated after the survey

ProjectBackground:
White River, a tributary of the Deschutes River, drains 370 square miles of  the southeast slopes of Mount Hood.  Access to this basin by salmon and steelhead is blocked by impassable falls.  There was a proposal to create a bypass around the falls to expand salmonid habitat.

ShortTitle:
WHITE RIVER FALLS FISH PASSAGE IMPACT STUDY


ProjectShortDescription:
Validation of integrated rule curves and monitoring and evaluation.  This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Validation of integrated rule curves and monitoring and evaluation.  This project was identified in planning process but no funds were ever obligated for this project.

LongTitle:
Montana Department of Fish and Game Hydroacoustics


ProjectTitle:
INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN NUTRITION ON IMMUNE RESPON

Milestones:
Oregon State University determined the amounts of selected vitamins  (pyridoxine, folic acid, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, and alpha-tocopherol) required o assure maximum growth and maximum immune responses and resistance to AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA and RENIBACTERIUM  SALMONINARUM.  Results indicated that the dietary levels of the test vitamins recommended for maximum growth by the National Research Council (NRC) were ample for growth and immunological function under laboratory conditions.  This  was a cooperative effort with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service(Project 8404500).

Publications:
Effects of Vitamin Nutrition on the Immune Response of Hatchery-Reared Salmonids DOE/BP 18007-1.  
Effects of Vitamin Nutrition on the Immune Response of Hatchery Reared Salmonids DOE/BP 18007-2

Results:
The immunological effects of Vitamin E and ascorbic acid in salmonid diets.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the amounts of selected vitamins required to assure maximum growth in chinook salmon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determination the amounts of selected vitamins required to assure maximum growth and maximum immune responses and resistance to Aeromonas salmonicida & Renibacterium salmoninarum in salmonids. Done in conjunction with 8404500 (USFWS).

ProjectBackground:
Immunological studies of fish immune systems could benefit fish disease control efforts in the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN NUTRITION ON IMMUNE RESPONSE

LongTitle:
Effects of Vitamin Nutrition on the Immune Response System of Hatchery Reared Salmonids


ProjectTitle:
COLUMBIA R ESTUARY ATLAS: PHYSICAL & BIOLOGICAL

Milestones:
BPA, in cooperation with other agencies and entities, contributed to the development of Columbia River Estuary Atlas written by the Columbia River Estuary Data Development Program.  The atlas depicts the changes in the Columbia River estuary from the pre-Bonneville era to the present.

ProjectShortDescription:
Contribute to development of the Columbia River Estuary Atlas.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Contribute to development of the Columbia River Estuary Atlas.

ProjectBackground:
Better understanding of the conditions of the Columbia River Estuary was needed.

ShortTitle:
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE COLUMBIA RIVER ESTUARY ATLAS

LongTitle:
Development of Columbia River Estuary Atlas of Physical and Biological Characteristics


ProjectTitle:
BLACK CANYON / ANDERSON RANCH WILDLIFE LOSS STUDY

Milestones:
BPA funded Idaho Department of Fish and Game in developing wildlife loss assessments for  Anderson Ranch, Black Canyon, and Boise Diversion hydroelectric facilities.

Publications:
Wildlife Impact Assessment, Anderson Ranch, Black Canyon, & Boise Diversion Projects, Idaho DOE/BP 23578-1

Results:
Wildlife loss assessments for hydroelectric projects.  The report estimates that 5,220 acres of wildlife habitat were lost from  Anderson Ranch, 1,104 acres from Black Canyon, and 66 acres from Boise  diversion.

ProjectShortDescription:
IDFG wildlife loss assessments for Anderson Ranch Dam, Black Canyon Dam, and Boise Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
IDFG determined wildlife loss assessments for Anderson Ranch Dam, Black Canyon Dam, and Boise Diversion Dam.

ProjectBackground:
Construction of the Anderson Ranch, Black Canyon and Boise Dams eliminated important wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
BLACK CANYON & ANDERSON RANCH DAMS - WILDLIFE LOSS

LongTitle:
Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Loss Assessments for the Anderson Ranch, Black Canyon and Boise Diversion Hydroelectric Facilities in Idaho


ProjectTitle:
KOOTENAI RIVER TRIBUTARIES INSTREAM FLOW STUDY

Milestones:
A large number of tributaries of the Kootenai river were evaluated for fisheries and habitat both above and below the Libby Dam.  This project determined the instream flows necessary to ensure successful migration, spawning, and rearing of cutthroat and rainbow trout in  five tributaries of the Kootenai River and six tributaries of Lake Koocanusa.  Minimum flows for trout production were determined.  MDFWP requested these  flows from the State Water Board.  Completed 06/88.

Publications:
Instream Flows Needed for Successful Migration [Spawning] & Rearing of Rainbow & Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Selected Tributaries of the Kootenai River DOE/BP 23666-1.  
Instream Flows Needed for Successful Migration & Rearing of Rainbow & Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Selected Tributaries of the Kootenai River DOE/BP 23666-2

Results:
Status of tributary stream fisheries.  Minimum flows for resident fish.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determination of Kootenai instream flows necessary to ensure successful mitigation and evaluate condition of tributary fisheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluation of habitat and fisheries of Kootenai River Tributaries. A large number of tributaries were evaluated both above and below Libby Dam. Determine Kootenai instream flows necessary to ensure successful migration, spawning & rearing of trout.

ProjectBackground:
The construction and operation of Libby Dam interfered with access to Kootenai River tributaries (above and below the dam) used by migrating resident fish populations.

ShortTitle:
KOOTENAI RIVER TRIBUTARIES FLOW & FISH STUDY

LongTitle:
Instream Flows Needed for Successful Migration and Rearing of Rainbowand Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Selected Tributaries of the Kootenia River


ProjectTitle:
DETERMINE LOSSES TO TRIBUTARIES SFK FLATHEAD RIV

Milestones:
During FY 1985, this study determined levels of production needed to mitigate  and supplement resident fish populations diminished by habitat losses  associated with construction of Hungry Horse Dam.

Publications:
Determination of Fishery Losses in the Flathead System Resulting from the Construction of Hungry Horse Dam DOE/BP 23638-1

Results:
Resident fish mitigation levels required.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determination of levels of fish production needed to mitigate for losses associated with construction of Hungry Horse Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determination of levels of fish production needed to mitigate for losses associated with construction of Hungry Horse Dam.

ProjectBackground:
The Hungry Horse Reservoir flooded over 35 miles of the South Fork Flathead River and the lower reaches of about 50 tributary streams.

ShortTitle:
DETERMINE FISH HABITAT LOSSES- SOUTH FORK FLATHEAD

LongTitle:
Determination of Resident Fishery Losses in Tributaries of the South Fork Flathead River Resulting from Flooding by Hungry Horse Reservoir


Milestones:
This project developed the concepts and hardware used for radio-tags on  yearling Chinook and steelhead to determine passage.

Publications:
Juvenile Radio-Tag Study:  Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 21237-1
Juvenile Radio-Tag Study:  Lower Granite Dam DOE/BP 21237-2

Results:
Tools in radio-tagging yearling salmonids.

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop concepts and hardware for radio-tags on yearling anadromous fish to determine passage.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop concepts and hardware for radio-tags on yearling anadromous fish to determine passage.

ProjectBackground:
Techniques needed to be developed to track yearling salmonids.

LongTitle:
Juvenile Radio Tag Studies at Lower Granite Dam


Milestones:
The Colville Confederated Tribes received the construction contract for the resident fish hatchery in July 1988.  Construction was completed October 1, 1989.

Results:
Colville Tribal Resident Fish Hatchery.  Ability to produce 50,000 lbs. of resident fish (brook, rainbow, and lahontan cutthroat trout]  to be released into reservation waters; to provide a  fishery for Colville Tribal members as well as a successful non-member sport fishery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce 22,679 kg  (50,000 lbs.) of resident fish that include brook trout, rainbow trout and lahontan cutthroat trout. All the fish will be released into reservation waters, including boundary waters in an effort to provide a successful subsistence/recreational fishery for Colville Tribal members as well as a successful non-member sport fishery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct a resident trout hatchery on the Colville Indian Reservation to produce fish to stock lakes and streams on the reservation.

ProjectBackground:
A resident trout hatchery was proposed on the Colville Indian  Reservation to produce trout to stock  lakes and streams on the reservation.  These fish will partially mitigate for anadromous fish losses from hydroelectric development and operation

LongTitle:
Construction and O&M Of the Colville Tribal Trout Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
COLVILLE TRIBAL FISH CULTURAL TRAINING PROGRAM

Milestones:
Six individuals were trained in the field of fish culture to operate the  Colville Tribal Trout Hatchery.  Two individuals were chosen to assist the  hatchery manager in operation and maintenance of the facility.  The training was completed in July 1989.

Results:
Tribal members trained in the operation of the Colville Tribal Trout Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Training of 6 members of the Colville Tribe to operate the Colville Tribal Trout Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Training of 6 members of the Colville Tribe to operate the Colville Tribal Trout Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
There was a need to train tribal members in hatchery operations.

ShortTitle:
COLVILLE TRIBAL FISH CULTURAL TRAINING PROGRAM

LongTitle:
Colville Tribal Fish Culturist Training Program


Milestones:
BPA funded the construction of a new fishway to improve upstream passage of fall Chinook salmon.  Construction was completed in 1988.

Results:
Eliminate passage problems in the Marion Drain.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct a new fishway to improve upstream passage of fall chinook salmon at Marion Drain in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct a new fishway to improve upstream passage of fall chinook salmon at Marion Drain in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Marion Drain, of the Yakima River Basin, hosted a run of fall Chinook but the stocks could not pass the drain obstruction.

LongTitle:
Marion Drain Ladder Construction, Yakima Basin


Milestones:
The project was undertaken to estimate the impacts to wildlife from the original development of Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River.  A habitat evaluation procedure was used to quantify impacts to target wildlife species.

Results:
Amount of wildlife mitigation required because of the building of Bonneville Dam.   It was estimated that approximately 20,749 acres of wildlife habitat was effected.

ProjectShortDescription:
Estimate the impacts to wildlife from the development of Bonneville, John Day, McNary and The Dalles Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Estimate the impacts to wildlife from the development of Bonneville, John Day, McNary and The Dalles Dams.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of Bonneville Dam had significant impact on available wildlife habitat.

LongTitle:
Bonneville Dam Wildlife Loss and Mitigation Study


ProjectTitle:
WILDLIFE PME PLANNING DWORSHAK RESERVIOR    86-071

Milestones:
The project was undertaken to summarize existing information on impacts to wildlife from the development of Dworshak Reservoir.

Publications:
Phase I:  Wildlife Protection, Mitigation & Enhancement Planning Dworshak Reservoir DOE/BP 35332-1

Results:
Mitigation required for the construction of the Dworshak Dam. Approximately 16,970 acres of wildlife habitat were estimated as being lost.  The project conclusion recommended further quantification of wildlife impacts using a habitat evaluation procedure, along with development of a mitigation plan.

ProjectShortDescription:
Summarize existing information on impacts to wildlife from Dworshak Reservoir.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Summarize existing information on impacts to wildlife from Dworshak Reservoir.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of Dworshak Dam had significant impact on available wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
DWORSHAK WILDLIFE MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT PLAN

LongTitle:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, and Enhancement Planning for Dworshak Reservoir


Milestones:
A biological and engineering feasibility study of salmon/steelhead passage at Orofino Falls on Orofino Creek, Idaho, was completed in FY 1989.  The production potential above the falls was estimated to be 13,000 steelhead smolts per year, and several passage and outplanting alternatives were identified.  The Project technical workgroup requested a review of cost estimates for the alternatives in the engineering feasibility report and additional conceptual design of lower-cost trap-and-haul facilities.

Publications:
Orofino Creek Passage Project Biological & Engineering Feasibility Report DOE/BP 65813-1

Results:
Plan for passage improvement at Orofino Falls, Idaho.

ProjectShortDescription:
Study the biological and engineering feasibility of salmonid passage at Orofino Falls on Orofino creek and other difficult passage sites on Orofino Creek.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study the biological and engineering feasibility of salmonid passage at Orofino Falls on Orofino creek and other difficult passage sites on Orofino Creek in the Clearwater Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this project was to review possible anadromous fish passage facilities to correct passage problems resulting from Orofino Falls on Orofino Creek, Idaho.

LongTitle:
Orofino Creek Passage Project Study, Clearwater Basin


ProjectTitle:
SPOKANE TRIBAL (GALBR SPRGS) HATCHERY CONSULTANT

Milestones:
Provided engineering services in direct support of the development of fish and wildlife facilities and oversight to the design and construction of Spokane Tribal Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide engineering service for Galbraith Springs Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide engineering service for the Spokane Triba (Galbraith Spring) Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
The Spokane Tribal Hatchery was a long term project of BPA.

ShortTitle:
SPOKANE TRIBAL  HATCHERY - ENGINEERING CONSULTANT

LongTitle:
Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) Hatchery Consultant


ProjectTitle:
SPOKANE TRIBAL (GALBR SPRGS) HATCHERY EQUIPMENT

Milestones:
Acquired equipment and supplies necessary for the operation and maintenance of the Spokane Tribal Hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Acquire equipment and supplies required for Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Acquire equipment and supplies required for Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) Hatchery.

LongTitle:
Spokane Tribal (Galbraith Springs) Hatchery Equipment


ProjectTitle:
SPOKANE TRIBAL (GALBR SPRGS) HATCHERY RESIDENCE

LongTitle:
Spokane Tribal Hatchery (Galbraith Springs) Hatchery Residence


ProjectFocusDefinition:
Hiring of consultants, technical advisors, etc.


Milestones:
The purpose of this project was to pay the registration fees for eight people to attend a workshop entitled, "Design and Analysis Methods for Fish Survival Experiments Based on Release-Recapture," held July 6-8, 1988, at Colorado State University.

ProjectShortDescription:
Pay registration fees for 8 at Design and Analysis Methods for Fish Survival Experiments Based on Relase-Recapture Workshop.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Pay registration fees for 8 at the workshop: Design and Analysis Methods for Fish Survival Experiments Based on Relase-Recapture held at Colorado State University.

ProjectBackground:
Training of personnel was the objective of this project.


ProjectTitle:
QUAL & BEH OF JUVENILE SALM IN THE COL RV ESTUARY

Milestones:
This project developed a plan to better understand migration of juvenile salmonids and their transition from fresh to salt water. It attempted to match release times to physical and biological conditions of river, estuary, and near-shore ocean. It established needed research to improve hatchery smolts survival in estuary and near shore areas of ocean.

Publications:
Quality & Behavior of Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia River Estuary & Nearshore Ocean DOE/BP 92866-1

Results:
Improved understanding of smolt migration and transition to the salt water environment.

ProjectShortDescription:
Establish plan for needed research to improve hatchery smolt survival in Columbia River estuary and near-shore ocean.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Study the transition of juvenile salmons from fresh to salt water. Establish a plan for needed research to improve hatchery smolt survival in Columbia River estuary and near-shore ocean.

ProjectBackground:
The transition of salmonids from fresh to salt water was poorly understood.

ShortTitle:
JUVENILE SALMON  IN THE COLUMBIA ESTUARY

LongTitle:
Quality and Behavior of Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia River Estuary and Nearshore Ocean


ProjectTitle:
BIOENGR EVAL OF RETROFITTED OXY SUPPLMNTN (ODFW)

Milestones:
Initial activities concerned modification of existing raceways to the conformation of Michigan raceways, installation of contact columns for introducing oxygen, and modification of the intake structure to protect the water supply. Experimental design called for spring chinook being reared and released for four years. Water quality was to be monitored and growth of rearing fish measured.  Duplicate raceways contained juvenile chinook salmon at normal rearing conditions without oxygen, fish reared at normal density with oxygen supplementation, fish reared at triple density with oxygen supplementation, and fish reared in a series of three Michigan ponds with oxygen supplementation. Representative samples of fish were tagged with coded wire tags. Water quality was recorded weekly, with a continuous monitoring system throughout the rearing period. Growth, size distribution, and mortality were followed throughout the rearing period. Returning adults will be collected, heads removed, and coded wire tags decoded for determination of survival of the various groups. Analysis of data and final report will be completed by September 2000.
An evaluation was conducted of a retrofitted oxygen-supplemented hatchery in the Pacific Northwest  Spring Chinook were reared at control and increased densities with supplemental oxygen and evaluated both physiologically and microbiologically  Fish were marked CWT and released into the Willamette River to migrate approximately 300 miles to the ocean  Water quality and fish growth parameters were monitored in all experimental raceways and control groups  Smolt quality indices were monitored in eight experimental ponds under the contract for 2 years  This research provided a continuous 4 year record of smolting in the experimental groups at Willamette Hatchery; comparison of smolt quality between groups of fish reared on different experimental oxygen supplementation regimens; and a means of correlating migration to Willamette Falls and survival to adulthood with changes in indices of smolting.  This was the first adult return for fish reared under oxygen supplementation.  CWT tags were recovered from returning adults and decoded. In the spring  of 1994 the fourth year of marked spring Chinook smolts reared under varying densities and oxygen supplementation from Willamette hatchery were released.  Smolts from tagged adult salmon returning to Dexter rearing facility were removed and sent to Clackamas for retrieval of coded wire tags and decoding  Adults returning in 1994 included four-year-old fish from experimental releases in 1991 and three-year-old fish from experimental releases in 1992.  Preliminary adult returns suggested an inverse relationship between increasing density and adult contribution.

Publications:
Migratory Characteristics of Spring Chinook Salmon in the Willamette River DOE/BP 92818-1.  
Willamette Hatchery Oxygen Supplementation Studies DOE/BP 92818-2.
Willamette Oxygen Supplementation Studies DOE/BP 92818-3.  
Willamette Oxygen Supplementation Studies, Ammonia Analysis Returns DOE/BP 92818-6       
Colt, J., J.E. Sheahan, and G.R. Bouck. 1993. Evaluation of the "Michigan" type pure oxygen columns for oxygen addition and nitrogen removal. Aquacultural Engineering 12:141-154.
Ewing, R.D., T.R. Walters, M.A. Lewis, and J.E. Sheahan. 1994. Evaluation of fish transport procedures. I. Estimates of weights of fish in raceways and liberation trucks. Progressive Fish-Culturist. 56:153-159.
Ewing, S.K. and R.D. Ewing. 1995. A review of the effects of rearing density on survival to adulthood for Pacific salmon. Progressive Fish-Culturist. 57:1-25.
Ewing, R.D. and G.S. Ewing. An improved guillotine for removing the heads of coded wire-tagged fish. Progressive Fish-Culturist, in review.
Ewing, R.D., J.E. Sheahan. Air lift debris removal system. Progressive Fish-Culturist, in review.

Results:
Fish from the project will contribute directly to the sport and commercial fishery, but the main benefits will be the evaluation of a potentially much cheaper way to increase fish production at existing facilities, and the testing of smolt performance criteria as a quicker and better predictor of total survival than waiting for adult survival.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine if chinook salmon can be reared at increased densities with oxygen supplementation without detrimental effects on the returns of adult salmon. Examine the effects of density, oxygen supplementation, and raceway design on water quality, rearing, and survival of chinook salmon at Willamette Hatchery, Oakridge, Oregon.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Examine effects of increased density, oxygen supplementation, & raceway design on water quality, rearing, & survival of chinook salmon at Willamette Hatchery, Oakridge, OR.

ProjectBackground:
The hypothesis to be tested was that the rearing capacity of chinook salmon in a surface water hatchery could be increased through use of supplemental oxygen without reduction in survival to adulthood.  Oxygen enriched hatchery operations was an attractive concept in the Columbia River Basin.  It provided a way to greatly increase the number of juveniles produced.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF RETROFITTED OXYGEN SUPPLEMENTATION

LongTitle:
Bioengineering Evaluation of Retrofitted Oxygen Supplementation in Surface Water


Milestones:
The old fishway was replaced with a vertical slot  fishway funded cooperatively by BPA and Chelan PUD.  Construction was completed in 1986

ProjectShortDescription:
Replace existing fishway at Tumwater Dam with a more effective model.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Replace existing fishway at Tumwater Dam on the Wenatchee River with a more effective model. See also Projects 8344600 and 8508600.

ProjectBackground:
Tumwater Dam on the Wenatchee River, was a major obstruction to migrating adult salmon and steelhead.  An old fishway, built in the 1940's, was inadequate for  fish passage at high river flows. The planning phase of this effort was covered in Project 8344600.

LongTitle:
Design and Construction of the Tumwater Dam Fish Passage Facilities


Milestones:
BPA and Chelan PUD cooperatively funded the  improvements to two fishways at Dryden Dam.  The new vertical slot fishways  were completed in 1986.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Improve the two fishways at Dryden Dam on the Wenatchee River. See also Projects 8344600, 8508600 and 9201500.

ProjectBackground:
Dryden Dam, on the Wenatchee River, was an obstruction to adult salmon and  steelhead at low river flows. The planning phase of this project was Project 8344600.

LongTitle:
Design and Construction of the Dryden Dam Fish Passage Facilities


Milestones:
Conduct post-construction evaluations of approach and sweeping velocities at fish screening facilities to determine if the projects meet fish passage design criteria. ongoing work includes numerous task orders. Project 8506200 began in 1985 with a fisheries evaluation the Sunnyside Canal Fish Screening Facility.  Since 1985, project staff have completed fisheries evaluations at:  Richland Canal Fish Screening Facility, Toppenish/Satus Canal Fish Screening Facility, Wapato Canal Fish Screening Facility, Toppenish Creek Canal Fish Screening Facility, Westside Ditch Fish Screening Facility, and Town Canal Fish Screening Facility.  Water velocity evaluations were also completed at the Columbia Canal Fish Screening Facility, Roza Canal Fish Screening Facility, Easton Canal Fish Screening Facility, and Chandler Canal Fish Screening Facility.  Project staff evaluated the potential for migration delay and increased loss to predation at Wapato and Sunnyside Canal Fish Screening Facilities during 1991 operations.  They evaluated the Dryden Fish Screening Facility during 1994.  In addition,  components of modular  fish screens were evaluated in the laboratory at Richland during 1994 and 1995.

Publications:
Evaluation of Water Quality Conditions Near Proposed Fish Production Sites Associated with the Yakima Fisheries Project DOE/BP 00029-1;   
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Dryden Fish Screening Facility DOE/BP 00029-2;   
Experimental Designs for Testing Differences in Survival Among Salmonid Populations DOE/BP 00029-3;   
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Sunnyside Canal Fish Screening Facility DOE/BP 01830-1;   
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Richland & Toppenish/Satus Canal Fish Screening Facilities DOE/BP 01830-2;   
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Richland & Wapato Canal Fish Screening Facilities DOE/BP 01830-3;   
Velocity Measurements at Six Fish Screening Facilities in the Yakima River Basin  [Washington] 01830-4; 
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Wapato, Sunnyside, & Toppenish Creek Canal Fish Screening Facilities DOE/BP 01830-6A;   
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Westside Ditch & Wapato Canal Fish Screening Facilities, Spring 1989 DOE/BP 01830-8;   
A Fisheries Evaluation of the Westside Ditch & Town Canal Fish Screening Facilities, Spring 1990 DOE/BP 01830-9;   
Velocity Measurements at Three Fish Screening Facilities in the Yakima Basin, WA - Summer 1989 DOE/BP 01830-10;  
 Regional Assessment of Supplementation Project DOE/BP 01830-11;   
Supplementation in the Columbia Basin -  Part I:  RASP Summary Report Series DOE/BP 01830-12;  
 Supplementation in the Columbia Basin - Part III:  RASP Summary Report Series DOE/BP 01830-13;   
Supplementation in the Columbia Basin:  Summary Report Series DOE/BP 01830-14.       
Papers presented included the following: 
Neitzel, D.A., D.A. New, C.S. Abernethy, and C. Keller.  1994.  Monitoring and Evaluation of the Fish Screening Facilities in the Lemhi River Basin of Idaho, United States.  Presented at the 1994 American Fisheries Society Annual Meeting, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Hoffmann, A. C.S. Abernethy, and D.A. Neitzel.  1994.  Survival Estimates for Spring and Fall Chinook Salmon, and Coho Salmon Smolts in the Yakima River.  Presented at the 1994 American Fisheries Society Annual Meeting, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Abernethy, C. S., and D. A. Neitzel.  1991.  "A Summary of Fisheries Evaluations of Rotary Drum Fish Screening Facilities in the Yakima Basin, 1985 1990."  Presented at the Pacific Fishery Biologists 53rd Annual Meeting, Sun River, Oregon.
Neitzel, D. A., C. S. Abernethy, and E. W. Lusty.  1991.  "Evaluation of Rotating Drum Screen Facilities in the Yakima River Basin, South-Central Washington State."  Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium, American Fisheries Society Symposium 10:325-334.
Neitzel, D. A., T. J. Clune, and C. S. Scott.  1990.  "Evaluation of Rotary Drum Screens Used to Protect Juvenile Salmonids in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA" Presented on October 18-22, 1990, Gifu, Japan.
Neitzel, D. A.  1989. "Assessment of Irrigation Screen Facilities Effects on Juvenile Salmonids in the Yakima River, Washington."  Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, September 4-8, 1989, Anchorage, Alaska.
Neitzel, D. A., C. S. Abernethy, and E. W. Lusty. 1988.  "Evaluation of Fish Screening Facilities in the Yakima Basin, Washington."  Program for Fisheries Bioengineering Symposium, American Fisheries Society:  Bioengineering Section, October 24-27, 1988, Portland, Oregon

Results:
Information obtained can be applied to similar projects throughout the Columbia River Basin

ProjectShortDescription:
Implement needed fish passage improvements at irrigation dams in theYakima River Basin.  Provide hydrological evaluations of fisheries screening facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Implement needed fish passage improvements at Sunnyside, Prosser, Wapato, and Horn Rapids irrigation dams in the  Yakima River Basin.  Provide hydrological evaluations of fisheries screening facilities.

ProjectBackground:
Fish passage design criteria was established by the Washington Department of Fisheries and the National Marine Fisheries Service.    Information obtained can be applied to similar projects throughout the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATION OF YAKIMA PASSAGE IMPROVEMENTS

LongTitle:
Yakima Fish Screens Effectiveness Evaluations - Varied Tasks


Milestones:
A research plan for white sturgeon was developed for the Columbia River Basin.  Participants represented management, agencies, tribes and sturgeon experts from University of Washington, Idaho, British Columbia and California.

Publications:
White Sturgeon Bibliography DOE/BP 22209-2

ProjectShortDescription:
Develop research plan for white sturgeon in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop research plans for white sturgeon in the Columbia River Basin with agencies, tribes and stugeon experts from the western US and Canada..

ProjectBackground:
White sturgeon populations in the Columbia River Basin had been severely impacts by the building of dams and other human activities.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP  WORK PLAN FOR STURGEON RESEARCH

LongTitle:
White Sturgeon Research Program Development


ProjectTitle:
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR FISH AND WILDLIFE PROJECT

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide technical assistance for the Fish and Wildlife program at BPA.

ShortTitle:
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR FISH & WILDLIFE PROJECTS

LongTitle:
Technical Assistance for Fish and Wildlife Program


Milestones:
This study had two objectives.  The first was to provide a report that  summarized results of previous outplant (supplementation) efforts and related  data.  The second was to identify methodology and requirements for evaluation  of test results.  This work was completed in 1985.  Additional work in terms of supplementation of spring Chinook in the Willamette Basin was contemplated.  However, future activities will be based upon the needs identified by the  Supplementation Research Technical Work Group and the Northwest Power Planning  Council's Fish and Wildlife Program.

Publications:
Outplanting Anadromous Salmonids - A Literature Survey DOE/BP 23109-1

ProjectShortDescription:
Summarize previous supplementation efforts and identify methodology and requirements for evaluation of test results in the Willamette River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Summarize previous supplementation efforts for spring Chinook and identify methodology and requirements for evaluation of supplementation test results in the Willamette River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Some supplementation of Spring Chinook had occurred in the Willamette River Basin.


ProjectTitle:
SOUTH FORK JOHN DAY RIVER, MAINSTEM / IZEE FALLS

Milestones:
From FY 1982 to 1986, BPA funded the BLM to complete fish habitat enhancement activities on the South Fork John Day River (SFJDR) and two tributaries, Deer Creek and Cottonwood Creek. Later activities consisted of project monitoring and evaluation and project maintenance

Publications:
South Fork John Day River Habitat Enhancement Project: Annual Reports 1986 & 1987 and Final Report DOE/BP 25385-1;   
South Fork John Day River Habitat Enhancement Project, Monitoring Phase - Years 3 & 4, DRAFT DOE/BP 25385-A

ProjectShortDescription:
Monitoring and maintenance of Deer Creek and Cottonwood Creek projects, evaluate the potential Izee Falls project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Enhance fish habitat of the South Fk John Day R,  Deer Cr & Cottonwood Cr through instream work. Continue with O & M of project sites. Evaluate the impact of the proposed Izee Falls passage project.  The latter was dropped due to impact on resident fish.

ProjectBackground:
The purpose of the project was to increase the amount of usable habitat, particularly rearing habitat for summer steelhead.

ShortTitle:
SOUTH FORK JOHN DAY & MAINSTEM HABITAT IMPROVEMENT

LongTitle:
South Fork John Day River Habitat Enhancement and Izee Falls Passage Study


Milestones:
Provided all necessary labor, staff, facilities, audiovisual, and all other  equipment or expertise necessary to facilitate the Division of Fish and  Wildlife 1987 Annual Project Review.  The presentation was held March 3-5,  1987.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide all necessary items for the Division of Fish and Wildlife Annual Project Review.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide all necessary items for the Division of Fish and Wildlife Annual Project Review.

ProjectBackground:
Preparations for the annual review of projects.

LongTitle:
Facilitation of Annual Project Presentations


ProjectTitle:
DEVELOP CONTRACT DATA INFORMATION SYSTEM

Milestones:
Analyzed data needs and designed computer services for the Division PMIS system.

ProjectShortDescription:
Analysis and design services for new Division of Fish and Wildlife PMIS.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Analysis and design services for the new Division of Fish and Wildlife PMIS, a comprehensive data system to keep tract of project management data..

ProjectBackground:
A comprehensive data system was needed for the Division of Fish and Wildlife to keep tract of project management data.

ShortTitle:
DEVELOP CONTRACT DATA INFORMATION SYSTEM (PMIS)

LongTitle:
Analyze and Design the Division of Fish and Wildlifes Contract Management Information System (PMIS)


ProjectTitle:
HYDROACOUSTIC MONITORING LOWER MON / DALLES DAMS

Milestones:
Hydroacoustic monitoring was conducted at The Dalles and Lower Monumental Dams in 1985 to assess  characteristics of juvenile salmonid passage.

Publications:
Hydroacoustic Assessment of Downstream Migrating Salmonids at the Dalles Dam in Summer & Spring 1985 DOE/BP 23174-2

ProjectShortDescription:
Conduct hydroacoustic monitoring at the Dalles Dam to assess characteristics of juvenile salmonid passage.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Conduct hydroacoustic monitoring at the Dalles and Lower Monumental Dams to assess characteristics of juvenile salmonid passage.

ProjectBackground:
Objectives of the study included determination of run timing, temporal and spatial distributions of fish passage (diel, horizontal, and vertical), and the effectiveness of spillway and  sluiceway operations for fish bypass.

ShortTitle:
SMOLT MONITORING -LOWER MONUMENTAL & DALLES DAMS

LongTitle:
Hydroacoustic Assessment of Downstream Migrating Salmonids at The Dalles and Lower Monumental Dams in Spring And Summer


Milestones:
BPA funded the NMFS and WDF to demonstrate the use of electrophoresis as a form of genetic stock identification of salmon and steelhead in selected Washington  and Canadian streams.

Publications:
Genetic Stock Identification DOE/BP 23520-1

Results:
Demonstration of electrophoresis as a tool for genetic stock identification for salmon and steelhead.

ProjectShortDescription:
Demonstration of the use of electrophoresis as a form of genetic stock identification of salmonids in selected WA and Canadian streams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Demonstration of the use of electrophoresis as a form of genetic stock identification of salmonids in selected WA and Canadian streams.

ProjectBackground:
Determination of the usefulness of electrophoresis in identification studies.

LongTitle:
Electrophoresis Genetic Stock Identification Demonstration Project


ProjectTitle:
TEMPORARY FISH PASSAGE ON TOPPENISH CREEK

Milestones:
A gabion fishway was  constructed to investigate the effectiveness of a design proposed by  Washington State University.  The project will not endure the elements as  effectively as a vertical slot structure and will eventually need to be  replaced.  The temporary structure was completed in 1986 at a very low cost.

Results:
Temporary gabion fishway on Toppenish Creek.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construction of a temporary gabion fishway on upper Toppenish Creek to provide passage around an irrigation diversion dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construction of a temporary gabion fishway on upper Toppenish Creek in the Yakima Basin to provide passage around an irrigation diversion dam.

ProjectBackground:
Upper Toppenish Creek, in the Yakima system, was partially obstructed to adult  steelhead passage by an irrigation diversion dam.

ShortTitle:
TEMPORARY FISH PASSAGE ON TOPPENISH CREEK

LongTitle:
Temporary Fish Passage On Upper Toppenish Creek


Milestones:
The environmental assessment for the Tumwater and Dryden fishways was completed in 1985.

Results:
Environmental assessment on the Tumwater and Dryden fishways.

ProjectShortDescription:
Environmental assessment on the construction of Ttumwater and Dryden fishways.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Environmental assessment on the construction of Tumwater and Dryden fishways on Wenatchee River. See also 8344600, 8505200, 8505300.

ProjectBackground:
An environmental assessment was required by the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 for the construction of Tumwater and Dryden fishways on the Wenatchee  River.  Planning of the projects was accomplished through Project 8344600.  Construction of the project was covered by Projects 8505200 and 8505300.

ShortTitle:
TUMWATER/  DRYDEN PASSAGE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

LongTitle:
Tumwater and Dryden Dams Fish Passage Environmental Assessment


ProjectTitle:
STUDIES FOR DESIGN OF F&W MITIGATION ACCOUNTING

Milestones:
Resources for the Future (RFF) assisted a regional planning effort involving the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), the Northwest Power Planning Council (Council), the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority (CBFWA), and others in the development of an integrated system plan for anadromous fish mitigation and enhancement that (1) identified cost-effective  enhancement and mitigation opportunities in the Columbia River Basin, and (2)  identified a sound implementation strategy that would result in substantive, measurable progress towards meeting BPA's mitigation responsibility for  anadromous salmonids in a judicious and responsible manner.

Publications:
Design of Studies for Development of BPA Fish & Wildlife Mitigation Accounting Policy - Phase II Final Report, Volume 1:  Summary Report DOE/BP 24238-1.  
Design of Studies for Development of BPA Fish & Wildlife Mitigation Accounting Policy - Phase II Final Report, Volume 2:  Techical Report DOE/BP 24238-2

Results:
Regional plan for anadromous fish mitigation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assist in development of an integrated system plan for anadromous fish mitigation and enhancement which is cost-effective and has a sound implementation strategy.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assist in development of an integrated system plan for anadromous fish mitigation and enhancement which is cost-effective and has a sound implementation strategy.

ProjectBackground:
An integrated plan for anadromous fish enhancement was needed for the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
DESIGN OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MITIGATION ACCOUNTING

LongTitle:
Design of Studies for Development of BPA Fish and Wildlife Mitigation Accounting Policy


ProjectTitle:
ASSIST W/ BPA ANAD FISH MITIGATION ANALYSIS

Milestones:
These tasks were coordinated with analytic staff of BPA (and BPA  contractors), the Council, the CBFWA and other regional entities who must  share joint responsibility for the completion of these tasks.  RFF was  invited by the Council and BPA to participate in an ongoing regional planning  process in which many of the details concerning the role of various parties  and indeed the nature of the process itself are unresolved.  RFF also assisted BPA and the region in building or improving the  analytical capacity of fish mitigation planners in the region to support  strategic planning regarding BPA's anadromous fish mitigation responsibilities. RFF provided  model documentation, training and support to ensure that regional analysts could use the models on computers in their agency/Tribal offices to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of anadromous fish mitigation options.  Progress in FY 1992 included development of revised C-E model to include a  screening model, a SLCM, and the CRiSP model.  Application of the model was made to  four mid-Columbia subbasins; i.e., Wenatchee, Entiat, Methow, and Okanogan subbasins with a corresponding analysis of corresponding mid-Columbia system actions of transportation, screening, etc.  Analysis was published in draft  form, pending final data on steelhead populations.  The new C-E model and its  results were presented in August 1991.  The C-E model was further refined for  remaining subbasins, and review of cost and biological information above  Bonneville has begun.  Participated in discussions with Council on review of SLCM and the Council's System Planning Model.  Applied SLCM to analysis of  proposed ESA fish populations.

Publications:
Above Bonneville Passage & Propagation Cost Effective Analysis DOE/BP 98852-1

ProjectBackground:
Resources for the Future (RFF) assisted a regional planning effort  involving the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), the Northwest Power  Planning Council (Council), the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority  (CBFWA), and others in the development of an integrated system plan for  anadromous fish mitigation and enhancement that:  1.  Identified cost-effective enhancement and mitigation opportunities in the  Columbia River Basin.  2.  Identified a sound implementation strategy that would result in  substantive, measurable progress towards meeting BPA's mitigation  responsibility for anadromous salmonids in a judicious and responsible  manner.

ShortTitle:
ASSIST  BPA ANADROMOUS FISH MITIGATION ANALYSIS

LongTitle:
Assist BPA Anadromous Fish Mitigation Analysis


ProjectTitle:
CONST SECURITY FENCE SUNNYSIDE RB FISH LADDER

Milestones:
The fence was constructed by the Yakima Indian Nation and completed in 1986.

Results:
Safety/security fence at the Sunnyside fish screens.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct a security fence at Sunnyside screen and ladder project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct a security fence at the right bank Sunnyside screen and ladder project.

ProjectBackground:
A security fence at Sunnyside Right Bank was needed after the construction of the fish screens for security and safety reasons.

ShortTitle:
CONSTUCT SECURITY FENCE - SUNNYSIDE RIGHT BANK

LongTitle:
Construction of a Security Fence at the Sunnyside Right Bank Fish Ladder


ProjectFocusDefinition:
Internal support for the BPA Fish & Wildlife Division

Milestones:
Contractual on-site clerical services were provided at Yakima through this project from 1985 to 1988.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project (clerical services at Yakima for 3 years).

ProjectBackground:
Contractual on-site clerical services were needed for the Yakima office.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - CLERK-TYPIST SERVICES AT YAKIMA

LongTitle:
Clerical and Word Processor Support Services at Yakima Office


StatusDefinition:
Internal overhead projects funded before current year

ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Contractor support for the PJI Branch of the Fish and Wildlife Division at BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Contractor support for the PJI Branch of the Fish and Wildlife Division at BPA.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - CONTRACTOR SUPPORT FOR PJI BRANCH

LongTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - Contractor Support for the  PJI Branch


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Contractor support for the PJS Branch of the Fish and Wildlife Division at BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Contractor support for the PJS Branch of the Fish and Wildlife Division at BPA.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - CONTRACTOR SUPPORT FOR PJS BRANCH

LongTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - Contractor Support for the  PJS Branch


ProjectShortDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Contractor support for the PJW Branch of the Fish and Wildlife Division at BPA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Funded internal overhead project. Contractor support for the PJW Branch of the Fish and Wildlife Division at BPA.

ShortTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - CONTRACTOR SUPPORT FOR PJW BRANCH

LongTitle:
BPA INTERNAL - Contractor Support for the  PJW Branch at BPA


ProjectTitle:
KOKANEE STK STATUS AND EVAL OF CABINET GORGE HATCH

Milestones:
Hatchery contribution to fish harvest and the effects of kokanee stocking on the zooplankton community were measured. By 1989 the hatchery contribution to catch had increased to 50 percent.  Survival of hatchery fish had increased to 25 percent.  By 1991 hatchery production had not increased for 2 years because of poor spawning  escapement.  However, the fish stocked from the hatchery continued to  contribute over 50 percent of the kokanee population.  There was concern that increased lake trout populations along with the Mysis shrimp may eventually  lead to a collapse of the kokanee population in Lake Pend Oreille in spite of  the hatchery supplementation.  The project was completed in 1992.

Publications:
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-1.  
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-2.  
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery - Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-3.  
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-4.  
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-5.  
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-6.  
Kokanee Stock Status & Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-7. 
Kokanee Stock Status and Contribution of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery, Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 22493-8

Results:
Data on the kokanee population in Lake Pend Oreille.

ProjectShortDescription:
Assess the status of kokanee in Lake Pend Oreille before and after fish are stocked from the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Assessed the status of kokanee in Lake Pend Oreille before and after fish were stocked from the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of the project is to evaluate the contribution of kokanee production  at Cabinet Gorge Hatchery to the Lake Pend Oreille kokanee population and  fishery.  The project should determine which fry release strategies provide the  best fry survival and subsequent returns to the fishery and spawner  escapement; and optional hatchery production levels to maximize kokanee  abundance in Lake Pend Oreille while maintaining satisfactory fish size in the  catch.  The project was designed to assess the status of kokanee in Lake Pend Oreille before and after fish were stocked from the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE KOKANEE STOCKING & CABINET GORGE HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Kokanee Stocking Status and Evaluation of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery,


ProjectTitle:
NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SMALL HYDRO AND FISHERIES

Milestones:
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) at the request of the American  Fisheries Society, co-sponsored the National Symposium on Small Hydropower and  Fisheries in Denver Colorado in May 1-3, 1985, with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife  Service, the Sport Fishing Institute, The National Marine Fisheries Service, the USDA Forest Service, and CH2M Hill.

Publications:
A large reference volume containing the papers presented at the symposium was published by the American Fisheries  Society.

Results:
National Symposium on Small Hydropower and Fisheries.

ProjectShortDescription:
Co-sponsor the National Symposium on Small Hydropower and Fisheries in Denver

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Co-sponsored the National Symposium on Small Hydropower and Fisheries in Denver.

ProjectBackground:
Participation in this National symposium was deemed important.

ShortTitle:
NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM - SMALL HYDRO PLANTS  & FISH

LongTitle:
Co-Sponship of the National Symposium on Small Hydropower and Fisheries, Denver, Colorado 1985


ProjectTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH HEALTH MONITORING IN WASH WDG

Milestones:
This project standardized fish health monitoring for the Columbia River anadromous hatcheries.  Frequency, methodology and effort was now comparable from agency to agency.  This comparable effort was necessary to assess the Basin's artificial production currently and its potential.  About 20 hatchery sites were utilized.

Publications:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Washington Department of Wildlife DOE/BP 64344-1.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Washington Department of Wildlife DOE/BP 64344-2.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Washington Department of Wildlife DOE/BP 64344-3.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Washington Department of Wildlife DOE/BP 64344-4

ProjectShortDescription:
Standarize fish health monitoring for the Columbia river anadromous hatcheries.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Standarize fish health monitoring for the Columbia river anadromous hatcheries. Abt 20 hatchery sites were utilized.

ProjectBackground:
This was one of five projects funded by BPA to complement the hatchery survey.  It augmented the existing agency fish health monitoring programs to a level which had been developed by a steering committee of fish health specialists of the region.

ShortTitle:
ANADROMOUS FISH HEALTH MONITORING IN WASHINGTON

LongTitle:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Selected Washington State Fish Hatcheries (WDG)


Milestones:
The study obtained baseline information on bald eagle use of Lake Pend Oreille in Idaho.  This provided information on effects to bald eagles resulting from enhancement of the Kokanee fishery.  Such data also served as the basis for management decisions pertaining the protection and enhancement of bald eagle habitat.

Publications:
Effects of the Cabinet Gorge Kokanee Hatchery on Wintering Bald Eagles in the Lower Clark Fork River & Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho DOE/BP 60790-1

Results:
Proper management of the kokanee project relative to the bald eagle population.

ProjectShortDescription:
Obtain baseline information on bald eagle use of Lake Pend Oreille in order to assess benefits to them from the enhancement of the Kokanee fishery by the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Obtain baseline information on bald eagle use of Lake Pend Oreille in order to assess benefits to them from the enhancement of the Kokanee fishery by the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.

ProjectBackground:
The Kokanee fishery was experiencing enhancement because of the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery.   Information was needed on the effect of this on the bald eagle population.

LongTitle:
Effects of the Cabinet Gorge Kokanee Hatchery on Wintering Bald Eagles in the Lower Clark Fork River and Lake Pend Oreille


Milestones:
The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) determined if juvenile sockeye could find their way from the lakes to begin their outmigration to the ocean.  Juvenile outmigrants were collected at the Prosser smolt trap to evaluate survival.

Publications:
Cle Elum Lake Sockeye Salmon Restoration Feasibility Study [1987-88] DOE/BP 64840-1.  
Cle Elum Lake Sockeye Salmon Restoration Feasibility Study DOE/BP 64840-2.  
Cle Elum Lake Restoration Feasibility Study:  Fish Husbandry Research, 1989-1991 DOE/BP 64840-3

Results:
Determination of feasibility of establishing runs of sockeye above Cle Elum Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Determine the feasibility of establishing sockeye salmon above Cle Elum Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Determine the feasibility of establishing sockeye salmon above Cle Elum Dam in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Cle Elum Sockeye Study was to determine the feasibility of reestablishing runs of sockeye salmon above Cle Elum Dam in the Cle Elum Lake Basin.

LongTitle:
Cle Elum Lake Sockeye Salmon Restoration Feasibility Study - Yakima Hatchery Pre-Design Project


ProjectTitle:
EVALUATE ALTERNATE BYPASS CONDUIT DESIGNS

Milestones:
This project included the design, construction and testing of different types of fish bypass flumes used to convey fish from hydroelectric powerhouse intakes to the tailrace.  Results indicated that stress levels and descaling in Chinook are not significantly different among the three test flumes.

Publications:
Evaluation of Fishway Designs for Downstream Passage of Spring Chinook Salmon & Steelhead Trout Smolts DOE/BP 64234-1

Results:
Impacts of alternative bypass flumes on smolts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Design and evaluate alternative bypass conduits at Little Goose and Lower Granite Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Design and evaluate alternative bypass conduits at Little Goose and Lower Granite Dams on the Snake River.

ProjectBackground:
Juvenile salmon and steelhead downstream migration were impacted by hydroelectric turbines at Little Goose and Lower Granite Dams.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE BYPASS CONDUIT DESIGNS - LOWER SNAKE DAMS

LongTitle:
Evaluate Bypass Conduit Designs at Little Goose and Lower Granite Dams


ProjectTitle:
EVALUATE STURGEON PHYSICAL HABITAT REQUIREMENTS

Milestones:
This project is a cooperative effort between the Oregon Department of Fish and  Wildlife (ODFW), National Marine Fishery Service (NMFS), National Biological Survey (NBS), and the Washington Department of Fisheries (WDF).  Research tasks were divided among each agency as follows:  - ODFW described life history and population dynamics of subadults and adults between Bonneville and McNary Dams and evaluated the need and identify potential methods for protecting, mitigating, and enhancing these populations.  - NMFS described reproduction and early life history of white sturgeon and defined habitat requirements for spawning and rearing below Bonneville Dam.  The amount of habitat from Bonneville Dam to the estuary was measured.  - NBS was responsible for determining habitat availability from McNary to Bonneville Dam and reproduction, early life history, and habitat requirements for spawning and rearing between Bonneville and McNary Dams.- WDF was tasked to describe reproduction, life history (early to late), and population dynamics downstream from Bonneville.  The white sturgeon fishery was described between Bonneville and McNary Dams.In 1993:  model development was continued to identify effects of hydropower on population status and habitat.  Project was extended into the McNary Pool.  In 1994:  project was extended into the Mid-Columbia area below Priest Rapids and work continued in the McNary Pool on the Snake River up to Ice Harbor Dam. Project results were used to arrest declines in impounded sturgeon populations resulting from reduced productivity related to impoundment which made these populations unable to sustain harvest at levels similar to the unimpounded population.Work to determine the impact of development and operation of the hydropower system on white sturgeon is essentially complete downstream from McNary Dam.  During FYs 1994 and 1995, a detailed plan for enhancement and mitigation of impounded sturgeon population will be prepared, alternatives will be experimentally implemented, and initial investigations of sturgeon productivity upstream from McNary Dam will be completed.    Trial implementation of enhancement and mitigation measures will result in recommendations for a comprehensive program for sturgeon by 1998.

Publications:
Status & Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-1; 
Status  & Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-2; 
Status  & Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-3;   
Status  & Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-4;   
Status  & Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-5;   
Status & Habitat Requirements of the White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream From McNary Dam, Volume I DOE/BP 63584-6;   
Status & Habitat Requirements of the White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream From McNary Dam, Volume II DOE/BP 63584-7;   
Effects of Mitigation Measures on Productivity of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-8;   
Effects of Mitigative Measures on Productivity of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream from McNary Dam, and Status and Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia and Snake Rivers Upstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-9;   
Effects of Mitigative Measures on Productivity of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia River Downstream From McNary Dam, & Determine Status and Habitat Requirements of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia. & Snake Rivers Upstream from McNary Dam DOE/BP 63584-10.            
Technical Papers
Beamesderfer, R.C.  1991.  MOCPOP 2.0: A flexible system for simulation of age-structured populations and stock related functions.  Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Information Report 91-4.
Beamesderfer, R.C.  1993.  A standard weight (Ws) equation for white sturgeon.  California Fish and Game 79(2):63-69}
Beamesderfer, R.C.P., T.A. Rien, and A.A. Nigro.  1995.  Dynamics and potential production of white sturgeon populations in three Columbia River reservoirs  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society  124:857-872.
DeVore, J.D., B.W. James, C.A. Tracy, and D.A. Hale.  1995.  Dynamics and potential production of white sturgeon in the Columbia River downstream from Bonneville Dam.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society  124:845-856.
Elliott J.C. and R.C. Beamesderfer.  1990.  Comparison of efficiency and selectivity of three gears used to sample white sturgeon in a Columbia River reservoir.  California Fish and Game 76(3):174-180.
McCabe, G.T., Jr. 1993.  Prevalence of the parasite Cystoopsis acipenseri (Nematoda) in juvenile white sturgeons in the lower Columbia River.  Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 5(4):313-316.
McCabe, G.T., Jr. and L.G. Beckman.  1990.  Use of an artificial substrate to collect white sturgeon eggs.  California Fish and Game 76(4):248-250.
McCabe, G.T., Jr., R.L. Emmett, and S.A. Hinton.  1993.  Feeding ecology of juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Lower Columbia River.  Northwest Science 67(3):170-180.
North, J.A., R.C. Beamesderfer, and T.A. Rien.  1993.  Distribution and movements of white sturgeon in three lower Columbia River reservoirs. Northwest Science 67(2):105-111.
Parsley, M.J., and L.G. Beckman.  1994.  White Sturgeon spawning and rearing habitat in the Lower Columbia Rive.  North American Journal of Fisheries Management 14:812-827.
Parsley, M.J., L.G. Beckman, and G.T. McCabe, Jr.  1993.  Spawning and rearing habitat use by white sturgeons in the Columbia River downstream from McNary Dam.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 122(2):217-227.
Rien, T.A.  and R.C. Beamesderfer.  1994.  Accuracy and precision in age estimates of white sturgeon from pectoral fin rays.  Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123(2):255 265.
Rien, T.A., R.C.P. Beamesderfer, and C.A. Foster.  1994.  Retention, recognition, and effects on survival of several tags and marks on white sturgeon.  California Fish and Game 80(4):161-170.
Warren, J.J. and L.G. Beckman.  1993. Fishway use by white sturgeon to bypass mainstem Columbia River dams.   U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Sea Grant Extension Project, Columbia River Series WSG-AG 93-02.

Results:
Research funded by BPA on the lower Columbia River has provided the following conclusions: 1.  Dams limit movement of white sturgeon, and have functionally isolated populations in the mainstem reservoirs in the Columbia River.  2.  The status and dynamics of each impounded population of white sturgeon are unique. 3.  Productivity of white sturgeon populations is less in reservoirs than in the unimpounded area downstream from Bonneville Dam.  4.  Recruitment and subsequent population size are limited by the effects of river discharge on spawning habitat that is restricted to high velocity areas immediately downstream from each dam. 5.  Reservoirs provide large areas of suitable habitat for juvenile and adult white sturgeon, but compensatory population responses may reduce productivity if carrying capacity is exceeded.  6.  Fisheries for white sturgeon have recently collapsed in The Dalles and John Day impoundments, and if high exploitation continues the population is likely to collapse further.Results from 1986-92 are summarized in a comprehensive final report in 2 volumes and in at least 18 articles published or in the review/revision process for peer-reviewed scientific journals.

ProjectShortDescription:
Investigate the early life history and define habitat used by spawning and rearing white sturgeon and quantify the habitat available in the Columbia and Snake River reservoirs downstream from Priest Rapids and Lower Granite Dams.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Investigate the early life history and define habitat used by spawning and rearing white sturgeon and quantify the habitat available in the Columbia and Snake River reservoirs downstream from Priest Rapids and Lower Granite Dams.

ProjectBackground:
This study was designed to:  1.  describe the reproduction and early life history of white sturgeon;  2.  describe the life history and population dynamics of subadult and adult white sturgeon;  3.  define habitat requirements and quantify habitat availability for white sturgeon; and  4.  evaluate the need and identify potential methods for protecting, mitigating, and enhancing populations of white sturgeon.  To determine effects of the hydropower system on white sturgeon populations and habitat, comparisons were made in the three lowermost reservoirs between Bonneville and McNary Dams with the unimpounded reach below Bonneville Dam to the estuary.  The unimpounded population has unrestricted access to the ocean and exhibits seasonal migrations.  Successful spawning occurs each year with all life stages being present that supports a productive fishery.  Dam construction likely had little or no effect on population characteristics and habitat use in the reach below Bonneville Dam to the estuary.The 1987 Fish and Wildlife Program Measure 903(e)(1) calls for research to determine the impact of development and operation of the hydropower system on sturgeon in the Columbia River Basin.  These studies may include habitat requirements, maintenance of genetic integrity, stock assessment, potential for artificial propagation, and migrating potential.The goal of this project is to:  1.  implement and evaluate selected measures to protect and enhance populations and mitigate for effects of the hydropower system on production of white sturgeon in the Columbia River downstream from McNary Dam; and  2.  determine the need and identify potential measures for protecting and enhancing populations and mitigating for effects of the hydropower system on production of white sturgeon in the Columbia and Snake Rivers upstream from McNary Dam.

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE STURGEON HABITAT NEEDS - COLUMBIA & SNAKE

LongTitle:
Evaluate Effects of Mitigative Measure on Productivity of White Sturgeon Populations in the Columbia and Snake Rivers: Determine Status  and Habitat Requirements


Milestones:
Fish health data was now being collected Basin-wide in a consistent manner.  This allowed the Basin managers to assess the impact, and prioritize the various diseases that affect artificially produced fish.  Data was also collected and recorded with similar software for rapid retrieval.  Status and habitat requirements for white sturgeon downstream from McNary Dam were determined.  Mitigative measures were requested and monitored.  Project then expanded into area above McNary to gather data regarding stock status and habitat  This included determination of the status of sturgeon in the area above McNary Dam.  There also was monitoring of the effects of mitigation measures in the area downstream of McNary where baseline data and research has been completed.  About 16 hatcheries were involved in this effort.

Publications:
State of Washington Augmented Anadromous Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 63461-1.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 63461-2.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring, Volume 1 DOE/BP 63461-3.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring DOE/BP 63461-4.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring Volume 1 DOE/BP 63461-5.  
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring - Volume 2 DOE/BP 63461-6

Results:
Better data on various stocks above and below McNary Dam relative to diseases and mitigation efforts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Collect fish health data in a consistent manner Basin-wide.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Develop methodology to collect fish health data in a consistent manner Basin-wide. About 16 hatcheries were involved in this effort.  Part of the focus was on white sturgeon above and below McNary Dam.

ProjectBackground:
This was one of five projects funded by BPA to complement the hatchery survey.  It augmented the agency fish health monitoring programs to a level which had been developed by a steering committee of fish health specialists of the region.

LongTitle:
Augmented Fish Health Monitoring for Washington State Fish Hatcheries  (WDF)


Milestones:
This project had two prime focuses: (1) the Fish Passage Data Information System (FPDIS); and (2) juvenile fish marking coordination.  Specific objectives of the FPDIS included: (1) providing weekly summaries of smolt monitoring data, smolt transportation data, hatchery and freeze brand release data, hydrologic data, adult counts, dissolved gas levels, and water temperature data to the Water Budget managers for incorporation into their weekly reports; and (2) providing data for inclusion in the Water Budget manager's annual report, the annual smolt monitoring report of Project 84-14, and the Water Budget evaluation report.  Specific objectives of the fish marking coordination task included: (1) coordinating annual smolt monitoring fish marking efforts; (2) monitoring and reporting on brand quality, fish condition and length frequency; (3) assuring necessary raceways, equipment and facilities are provided to accomplish the task; (4) preparing the Water Budget Program scopes of work for related field contracts for fish marking; and (5) obtaining schedules of hatchery and freeze brand releases for the FPDIS.  This work was continued under Project 8712700.

Publications:
Smolt Monitoring Program, Volume I:  Migrational Characteristics & Survival of Columbia Basin Salmon & Steelhead Trout DOE/BP 61747-1
Smolt Monitoring Program, Volume II:  Brand Recapture Data DOE/BP 61747-2

Results:
Project benefits included: (1) a centralized collection, analysis and storage system for data used in implementing: (a) the downstream migration section of the Northwest Power Planning Council's Program, including the Water Budget; (b) spill for upstream and downstream migrations; and (c) spill distribution for nitrogen abatement; (2) a central source of fish migrational data to the general public; (3) providing fish passage data to Water Budget managers and fishery managers for in-season management decisions, as well as post-season analysis of fish migration data; and (4) fish marking coordination to insure that the fish needed to conduct the annual smolt monitoring program are requested from and approved by the participating agencies

ProjectShortDescription:
Support 2 key elements of the Fish Passage data Budget/Smolt Monitoring program: Fish Passage Data Information system (FPDIS) and the juvenile fish marking coordination. (Merged with 8401400)

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Support 2 key elements of the Fish Passage data Budget/Smolt Monitoring program: Fish Passage Data Information system (FPDIS) and the juvenile fish marking coordination. (Merged with 8401400).

ProjectBackground:
This project provided support for two key elements of the Columbia River Water Budget/Smolt Monitoring program in 1986.

LongTitle:
Migrational Characteristics and Survival of Columbia Basin Salmon and Steelhead; Smolt Monitoring Program


ProjectTitle:
WILLAMETTE RVR PROJS WILDLIFE MITIGATION PLAN

Milestones:
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife developed recommendations to provide mitigation for impacts to wildlife from the eight Federal Willamette Basin hydroelectric facilities.  Oregon's plan recommended mitigation for the loss of big game winter range, riparian habitat, and old-growth forest.  Estimated cost of the plan was from $46 to $106 million.

Publications:
A Wildlife Habitat Protection, Mitigation & Enhancement Plan for Eight Federal Hydroelectric Facilities in the Willamette River Basin DOE/BP 62381-1

Results:
Wildlife mitigation plan for western Oregon.

ProjectShortDescription:
ODFW recommendations for mitigation for impacts to wildlife from 8 Federal Willamette Basin hydroelectric facilities.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
ODFW recommendations for mitigation for impacts to wildlife from the 8 Federal Willamette Basin hydroelectric facilities: Big Cliff, Detroit, Foster, Green Peter, Cougar, Dexter, Lookout Point, and Hills Creek.

ProjectBackground:
Federal dams in the Willamette River Basin (Detroit, Big Cliff, Foster, Green Peter, Cougar, Dexter, Lookout Point, and Hills Creek) had had a significant impact on wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
WILLAMETTE HYDRO PROJECTS - WILDLIFE MITIGATION

LongTitle:
A Wildlife Habitat Protection, Migration, and Enhancement Plan for Eight Willamette Basin Federal Hydroelectric Facilities


Milestones:
The Snipes/Allen Project was deferred to Phase II work.  These project funds were used for designing Westside fish screens and the Marion Drain ladder by the U.S.  Bureau of Reclamation.

Results:
Design of the Westside fish screens and the Marion Drain ladder.

ProjectShortDescription:
Defer Snipes/Allen project to Phase II.  Complete Westside fish screens and the Marion Drain Ladder.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Complete Westside fish screens and the Marion Drain Ladder in the Yakima River Basin. Defer Snipes/Allen project to Phase II.

ProjectBackground:
The Snipes/Allen Project was proposed as part of the Phase I work in the Yakima Basin project as were the Westside and Marion Drain projects..

ShortTitle:
CONSTRUCT WESTSIDE & MARION DRAIN SCREEN & LADDER

LongTitle:
Westside and Marion Drain Screen and Ladder Design and Construction


ProjectTitle:
UPPER SNAKE PROJS WILDLIFE MITIGTION PLAN

Milestones:
Idaho Department of Fish and Game developed wildlife mitigation plans for Palisades, Black Canyon, and Anderson Ranch Dams on the Upper Snake River in Idaho.

Publications:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigating & Enhancement Plan - Palisades Project DOE/BP 62775-1.  
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation & Enhancement Plans, Anderson Ranch, & Black Canyon Facilities DOE/BP 62775-2

Results:
Wildlife mitigation plan for part of Idaho.Idaho's recommendations called for the acquisition of 16,000 acres of wildlife habitat and enhancement of approximately 30,000 acres of public lands.  Estimated cost of the plans was approximately $17 million.

ProjectShortDescription:
IDFG mitigation plans for Palisades Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
IDFG developed mitigation plans for impacts to wildlife from the construction of Palisades, Black Canyon, and Anderson Ranch Dams.

ProjectBackground:
Palisades, Black Canyon and Anderson Ranch Dams had had a significant impact on wildlife habitat.

ShortTitle:
UPPER SNAKE HYDRO PROJECTS WILDLIFE MITIGATION

LongTitle:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation and Enhancement Plans for Upper Snake River Federal Hydrofacilities: Palisades, Anderson Ranch, and Black Canyon Dams


Milestones:
Washington Department of Wildlife identified impacts to wildlife from the development of Grand Coulee Dam and recommended actions to provide for wildlife mitigation.

Publications:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, & Enhancement for Grand Coulee Dam DOE/BP 60445-1

Results:
Wildlife mitigation plan for the impacts of Grand Coulee Dam.  Washington's plan recommended the acquisition and improvement of 73,000 acres of land at an estimated cost of $41 million.

ProjectShortDescription:
WDW recommendations for mitigation for impacts to wildlife by the development of Grand Coulee Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
WDW developed recommendations for mitigation for impacts to wildlife by the development of Grand Coulee Dam.

ProjectBackground:
The construction of Grand Coulee Dam had significant impact on wildlife habitat.

LongTitle:
Wildlife Protection, Mitigation, and Enhancement Planning for Grand Coulee Dam


Milestones:
This project consisted of two subprojects.  The first included the construction of a concrete fishway at Salmon Falls, historically a partial or total barrier to upstream migrating salmonids. This was completed in 1987.  The second rehabilitated about 1 mile of the channel below Salmon Falls to permit summer fish migration.  This rehabilitation work consisted of the installation of log sills to stabilize channel wandering, log v-weirs to concentrate low flows and form pools, single rocks and log weirs to concentrate low flows and stabilize the channel, and collector logs placed in the floodplain to collect debris during high flows.    Willow and grass were planted in the floodplain for stabilization.Yearly operation and maintenance has been occurring in a satisfactory manner since then.   Facilities remain in operational condition and are providing the anticipated results of the project then O&M over the ensuing years..

Publications:
Little Naches River Passage Project DOE/BP 60266-1

Results:
Success of the project is indicated by salmon redds above the fish ladder.

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide O&M at the fish passage facility at Salmon Falls on Little Naches River.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct a concrete fishway at Salmon Falls on the Little Naches River and rehabilitate a mile of channel below the falls to permit summer fish migration. Provide O&M of these efforts.

ProjectBackground:
This project was established to create and maintain passage for anadromous fish in Naches River/Salmon Falls area.

ShortTitle:
LITTLE NACHES PASSAGE IMPROVEMENT - SALMON FALLS

LongTitle:
Little Naches River (Salmon Falls) Passage Improvement and O&M


Milestones:
Project summarized the physical, biological and cost information for all habitat improvement projects initiated in FY 1983 to FY 1985.  The project developed standardized forms, completed data analysis, and summarized all project information from completed annual reports.  The next phase included data summarization for projects occurring in FY 1986.

Publications:
Habitat Evaluation & Monitoring in the Columbia River Basin DOE/BP 62966-1

ProjectShortDescription:
Summarize the physical, biological and cost information for habitat improvement projects initiated 1983-1986.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Summarize the physical, biological and cost information for habitat improvement projects initiated 1983-1986 in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
BPA had initiated a number of stream habitat restoration projects from 1983 to 1985.

ShortTitle:
COLUMBIA BASIN HABITAT IMPROVEMENT EVALUATION

LongTitle:
Columbia Basin Habitat Improvement Evaluation


Milestones:
Six streams in this basin were enhanced by passage and structural improvements as well as riparian fencing.  The effort started in FY 1987 and continued through FY 1990.  It affected 120 miles of stream.

Publications:
Fifteenmile Basin Habitat Enhancement Project DOE/BP 37379. 
Fifteenmile Basin Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 37379-A.  
Fifteenmile Basin Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 37379-B.  
Fifteenmile Basin Habitat Improvement Project DOE/BP 37379-C

Results:
Improved passage and stream habitat.  There was a potential of an increase of 11,715 winter steelhead smolts/year.

ProjectShortDescription:
Habitat improvement of Fifteenmile Creek and tributaries through fencing, instream work, etc.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Habitat improvement of Fifteenmile Creek and 5 tributaries through fencing, instream work, etc. Over 120 miles of stream were affected. project continued as 8607901.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this project was to increase wild winter steelhead production within Fifteenmile Creek to levels which approximate historic maximum run sizes.


Milestones:
This project continued construction activities through FY 1993.    Construction of two fish passage structures has been completed to allow adults and juvenile winter steelhead to pass water diversion barriers.  Through the two projects a total of 62 miles of riparian protection fence has been constructed to exclude livestock from 31.5 miles of Fifteenmile Creek and tributaries.  Approximately 669 instream fish habitat structures have been installed in Fifteenmile Creek and its tributaries.  In addition two rotary drum ditch screens and 6 irrigation pump screens have been installed to prevent loss of juveniles to irrigation diversions.  Eight riparian leases were signed and 7 miles of riparian exclosure fences constructed in the 1994 field season.  There was a bank stabilization effort  to protect riparian fences.  Approximately 11 miles of riparian exclosure fencing were installed.  O & M continued on all completed work.

Results:
Cattle and wheat ranchers as well as other land users have been educated on the importance of riparian areas. This has benefited wild winter steelhead as well as resident trout, but to what extent we are unsure without a more in depth monitoring and evaluation project.  The best evidence of the benefits of the restoration efforts on The Fifteenmile Creek Project is the photo point documentation that shows tremendous vegetative recovery of the treated riparian areas.

ProjectShortDescription:
Increase the production of wild winter steelhead within the Fifteen Mile Creek Basin through temperature, flow, channel stabilization.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Increase the production of wild winter steelhead within the Fifteen Mile Creek Basin through temperature, flow, channel stabilization.  Constuct instream structures and riparian fences.  Install rotary drum ditch screen and irrigation pump screens.

ProjectBackground:
The goal of this project was to provide additional rearing habitat for increased steelhead smolt production as offsite mitigation for mainstem losses due to the Columbia River Hydroelectric System. It was hoped that wild winter steelhead production within Fifteenmile Creek would increase to levels which approximate historic run sizes.  Optimum rearing habitat for winter steelhead is limited in large portions of the Fifteenmile Creek drainage primarily due to the lack of streamside cover, which results in high summertime water temperatures unsuitable for winter steelhead.  Construction activities started in FY 1987 and continued through FY 1990 under  project 8607900. This project was a continuation of 8607900.

ShortTitle:
FIFTEENMILE CREEK HABITAT ENHANCEMENT- PHASE IV, V

LongTitle:
Fifteen Mile Creek Habitat Improvement Project - Phase IV, V


Milestones:
This project surveyed 10 potential sites in the Columbia River Basin as possible acclimation ponds for John Day Dam mitigation (Fall Chinook).

Publications:
John Day Fall Chinook/Salmon Mitigation Plan Acclimation & Imprinting Site Feasibility Study DOE/BP 64341-1

Results:
Most sites reviewed were inadequate. One had potential.

ProjectShortDescription:
Survey 10 potential sites in the Columbia River Basin for possible hatchery or acclimation pond sites.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Survey 10 potential sites in the Columbia River Basin for possible hatchery or acclimation pond sites as part of the mitigation for the John Day Dam. All but one site were inadequate.

ProjectBackground:
One or more acclimation ponds were deemed necessary above John Dam.

ShortTitle:
ACCLIMATION POND SEARCH ABOVE JOHN DAY DAM


ProjectTitle:
SATUS CREEK SCREEN / LADDER CONSTRUCTION

Milestones:
A pool and weir fishway was constructed to improve upstream migration.  Construction was completed in 1986.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct a pool and weir fishway at Satus Creek Diversion Dam.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct a pool and weir fishway at Satus Creek Diversion Dam in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Satus Creek Diversion Dam was a barrier to adult steelhead at low flows.

ShortTitle:
SATUS CREEK SCREEN & LADDER CONSTRUCTION

LongTitle:
Satus Creek Screen and Ladder Construction


ProjectTitle:
UPPER TOPPENISH CREEK SCREEN CONSTRUCTION

Milestones:
Rotary drum fish screens were constructed in the Toppenish Creek Canal to prevent juvenile steelhead from being trapped at the diversion structure. The project was completed in 1987.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct rotary drum fish screens for the Toppenish Creek Canal.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct rotary drum fish screens for the Toppenish Creek Canal in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
The Toppenish Creek Canal diversion was a danger to juvenile salmonids.

ShortTitle:
UPPER TOPPENISH CREEK SCREEN CONSTRUCTION

LongTitle:
Upper Toppenish Creek Screen and Ladder Construction


ProjectTitle:
LITTLE FALL CREEK MAINTENANCE  RE:86-124

Milestones:
The Little Fall Creek Fish Passage project provided fish passage above two falls.  In 1986, BPA completed a Denil fish ladder at the lower falls (RM 11.8) and excavated jump pools at the upper falls (RM 16.4) to improve access for fish migrating upstream.  Confusion about this project has arisen because two different project numbers (8609000 and 8612400) have been used to identify the project.  Also, two different contractors have worked on the project and three unique contract numbers with modifications were issued by the Contract Office.  Originally, project number 8609000 was used when the first contract, identified by 63313-00000-00, for $221,316 was written.  This contract belonged to Weyerhaeuser and had start and stop dates of 86/07/22 and 86/12/31.  Almost simultaneously, another contract for $1,886 was issued to the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife.  This time a new project number 86012400 and contract number 64182-00000-00, with start and stop dates of 86/08/20 and 86/12/31, was used.  Subsequent contracts (37551-00000-00 and 37551-00000-01 with start and stop dates of 87/09/30 through 90/09/30 and 88/05/16 through 90/09/30 respectively) written for the project used the original project number 8609000 and not 8612400 and continued with the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife.

Results:
Improved passage and extended salmonid habitat.  This project had the potential to result in an additional 5,429 steelhead smolts (543 adults) and 6,435 spring Chinook salmon smolts (256 adults).

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct fish ladders at two falls on Little Fall Creek. Project 8609000 is the same as 8612400.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct fish ladders at two falls on Little Fall Creek, a tributary to the Middle Fork of the Willamette River. Project 8609000 is the same as 8612400.

ProjectBackground:
Two falls located on Little Fall Creek, a tributary to the Middle Fork Willamette River, located at river mile (RM) 11.8 and 16.4, blocked steelhead and spring Chinook access to 12.5 miles of potential spawning and rearing habitat.

ShortTitle:
LITTLE FALL CREEK PASSAGE IMPROVEMENT AND O & M

LongTitle:
Little Fall Creek Fish Passage Construction and O&M


Milestones:
This predesign activity completed the work on the remaining Phase I passage improvements in the Yakima Basin.  The projects involved were Taneum Creek, Thorpe Mill Ditch, Westside Canal, Sipes-Allen ladder-screen, and Ellensburg Town Diversion.

Results:
Completed Phase I passage efforts in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectShortDescription:
Complete predesign for remaining Phase I passage improvements in the Yakima Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Complete predesign for remaining Phase I passage improvements in the Yakima Basin, ie: Taneum Cr, Thorpe Mille Ditch, Westside Canal, Westside Canal, Sipes-Allen ladder-screen, and Ellensburg Town Diversion.

ProjectBackground:
A number of Phase I passage projects in the Yakima Basin were yet to be completed.

ShortTitle:
YAKIMA PASSAGE PREDESIGN - REMAINING PHASE I SITES

LongTitle:
Yakima Basin Fish Passage Predesign for Remaining Phase I Sites


ProjectTitle:
TROUT CREEK BENEFIT COST ANALYSIS REFINEMENT

Milestones:
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) retained a consultant to re-analyze the past benefit/cost study in conjunction with a BPA staff fishery biologist.  The previous benefit/cost study required further analysis and refinement due to a flood which reshaped Trout Creek.

Results:
Cost/benefit study of the Trout Creek project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Analyze and refine the previous benefit/cost study due to a flood in the Trout Creek drainage.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Analyze and refine the previous benefit/cost study due to a flood in the Trout Creek drainage.

ProjectBackground:
Extensive stream habitat rehabilitation had occurred in the Trout Creek basin. See Projects 8342300, 8400700, and 8406200.

ShortTitle:
TROUT CREEK BENEFIT COST ANALYSIS REFINEMENT

LongTitle:
Trout Creek Benefit and Cost Analysis Refinement


ProjectTitle:
TROUT CREEK B/C ANALYSIS, PHOTOMOSAICS REFINEMT

Milestones:
This project refined the Trout Creek project feasibility study and the benefit/cost study that was previously completed.  The refinement of the benefit/cost study and the photomosaics, benefited the BPA and greatly enhanced the understanding of the project, and provided further justification for continued BPA involvement.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce photomosaics and refine feasibility study of enhancement work in the Trout Creek drainage.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce photomosaics of the Trout Creek drainage and refine feasibility study of enhancement work.

ProjectBackground:
Extensive stream habitat rehabilitation had occurred in the Trout Creek basin.  See also Projects 8342300, 8400700 and 8406200.

ShortTitle:
TROUT CREEK PHOTOMOSAICS & BENEFIT/COST ANALYSIS

LongTitle:
Trout Creek Photomosaics Refinement and Benefit / Cost Analysis


ProjectTitle:
FISH ANALYSIS FOR INTERTIE POLICY AND EXPANSION

Milestones:
The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) retained a contractor to consider policy alternatives for governing and expanding the transmission capacity of the Pacific Northwest Intertie to meet its responsibilities under National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the Northwest Power Act. BPA used modeling data from the Systems Analysis Model to create input data for the FISHPASS model.  The FISHPASS model was used to predict impacts to anadromous fish migration and estimate changes in fish passage survival.  The FISHPASS data summarized system survival for yearling Chinook, sub-yearling Chinook, and steelhead stocks entering the hydrosystem above each dam.  The contractor used this information along with data collected on the status and status trends of fish stocks originating above Bonneville Dam to estimate possible significant impacts to fish stocks due to various Intertie options.  The analysis method that was employed is now used in FISHPASS for NEPA related work.  The contractor also produced a generalized Ricker stock/recruitment curve for Columbia River Chinook salmon and related curves with levels of assumed smolt mortality.  The stock/recruitment curves showed assumed mortalities of 20 percent, 40 percent, 60 percent, 80 percent, 90 percent.

Results:
NEPA  study of the impacts of the Pacific Northwest Intertie.

ProjectShortDescription:
Examine potential effects of Intertie options on fish and wildlife.  Develop the FISHPASS model to predict impacts to anadromous fish migration and estimate changes in fish passage survival.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Examine potential effects of BPA Intertie options on fish and wildlife.  Develop the FISHPASS model to predict impacts to anadromous fish migration and estimate changes in fish passage survival.

ProjectBackground:
NEPA required that BPA examine the potential effects of the Intertie options on fish and wildlife and the Northwest Power Act's mandate to balance power and fish and wildlife interests.

ShortTitle:
INTERTIE POLICY & EXPANSION IMPACTS (FISHPASS)

LongTitle:
Analyse Fish Impacts for Intertie Policy and Expansion; Develop  FISHPASS Model


ProjectTitle:
FACILITY SUPPORT FOR BKD-VACCINE TEST / SALMON

Milestones:
The project provided facility support for another BPA project (to develop and test a BKD vaccine).  The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provided its fish testing facility, as well as water at controlled temperature, fail-safe electrical service and related support.

ProjectShortDescription:
Facility support to develop and test a BKD vaccine.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide Facility support to develop and test a vaccine against BKD which had serious impacted hatchery stock in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
An effective vaccine was badly needed to combat BKD which had serious impacted hatchery stock in the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
FACILITY SUPPORT FOR BKD-VACCINE TESTING

LongTitle:
EPA Facility Support For Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) Vaccine Testing In Salmon


ProjectTitle:
VIDEO PRODUCTION - BIGHORN SHEEP / MONTANA

Milestones:
Produced a 5-minute video program showing habitat improvement, resulting from projects 8403800 and 8403900, for bighorn sheep in Montana.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce a 5 minute video of habitat improvement for bighorn sheep (8405800 and 8403900).

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce a 5 minute video of habitat improvement for bighorn sheep resulting from projects 8405800 and 8403900.

ProjectBackground:
The Division of Fish and Wildlife at BPA had embarked on an educational campaign relative to fish and wildlife projects.  Audio-Visual materials and news clips were a major part of this effort.

ShortTitle:
VIDEO PRODUCTION ON BIGHORN SHEEP IN MONTANA

LongTitle:
Video Productionon Bighorn Sheep in Montana


ProjectTitle:
RENTAL OF FACILITIES,MONTANA-HOLIDAY INN CORP

ProjectFocusDefinition:
External clerical contracts, room & equipment rentals, etc.

Milestones:
Arranged for meeting room rental for a 3-day conference in Spokane at the Holiday Inn.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Meeting room rental (Holiday Inn) for a 3 day conference in Spokane.

LongTitle:
Rental Of Facilities - Spokane Holiday Inn


ProjectTitle:
A/V RECORD FOR CABINET GORGE EAGLE PROJECT

Milestones:
This project produced a 5-minute video, "Trapping Bald Eagles," to be used as a news release.  This news release showed the effects of the Cabinet Gorge kokanee hatchery on the wintering bald eagles in the lower Clark Fork River and Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho (see project 8601400).

Results:
Video on the bald eagles and the Cabinet Gorge hatchery.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce a 5 minute video of showing the effects of the Cabinet Gorge kokanee hatchery on the wintering bald eagles in the lower Clark Fork River and Lake Pend Oreille (8601400).

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce a 5 minute video of showing the effects of the Cabinet Gorge kokanee hatchery on the wintering bald eagles in the lower Clark Fork River and Lake Pend Oreille. See project 8601400.

ShortTitle:
VIDEO OF CABINET GORGE HATCHERY & EAGLE PROJECT

LongTitle:
Audio Visual Record For The Cabinet Gorge Eagle Project  (Project 8601400)


Milestones:
The project produced film clips for a broadcast media press release providing information on the BPA-funded bighorn sheep study (Project Nos.  8403800 and 8403900).  The film was also suitable for use in educational presentations and in public service announcements discussing BPA's activities to protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife under the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act (Pacific Northwest Power Act).  Filming took place on the Ural-Tweed bighorn sheep study area on the northeast rim of Lake Koocanusa near Libby, Montana.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce film clips on the BPA funded bighorn sheep study (8405800 and 8403900) near Lake Koocanusa.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce film clips on the BPA funded bighorn sheep study and enhancement (projects 8405800 and 8403900) near Lake Koocanusa.

ShortTitle:
FILMING OF THE BIGHORN SHEEP PROJECT, MONTANA

LongTitle:
Filming of the Bighorn Sheep Project in Montana


Milestones:
This project involved making a video of the proposed Yakima program for public information purposes.  The video explained fish passage, production, and water enhancement concepts.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce video of the proposed Yakima fish passage and production program..

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce video of the proposed Yakima fish passage and production program.


ProjectTitle:
FACILITIES FOR PROJ PRESENTATION-HOLIDAY IN CORP

Milestones:
Provided meeting rooms for the FY 1986 Annual Project Review presentation at the Portland Airport Holiday Inn during March 18-20, 1986.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Meeting room rental for the 1986 Annual Project Review.

ProjectBackground:
Each year BPA Division of Fish and Wildlife held an Annual Project Review to go over some of the projects, reseach, etc. accomplished in the recent past.

ShortTitle:
FACILITY RENTAL (HOLIDAY INN) FOR PROJECT REVIEW

LongTitle:
Rental Of Meeting Rooms  (Holiday Inn) for Annual Project Review


ProjectTitle:
FACILITATOR FOR ANNUAL PROJECT PRESENTATION FY86

Milestones:
Provided all necessary labor, staff, facilities, audiovisual, and all other equipment, manpower, and expertise necessary to facilitate the Division of Fish and Wildlife Annual Project Review.  The presentation was held March 18-20, 1986, at the Airport Holiday Inn in Portland.

Results:
Arrangements for the Fish and Wildlife Annual Project Review.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund a facilitator to provide labor, staff, facilities, audiovisual equipment, etc. for the Division of Fish and Wildlife Annual Project Review.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund a facilitator to provide labor, staff, facilities, audiovisual equipment, etc. for the Division of Fish and Wildlife Annual Project Review.

ShortTitle:
FACILITATOR FOR ANNUAL PROJECT REVIEW FY86

LongTitle:
Facilitator for Annual Project Review FY86


ProjectTitle:
MULTI-IMAGE HABITAT ENHANCEMENT SLIDE SHOW

Milestones:
Produced a 15-minute multi-projector 35mm slide show on habitat enhancement and passage improvement for the Division of Fish and Wildlife.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce a 15 minute 35 mm slide show on habitat enhancement and passage improvement in the Columbia River Basin.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce a 15 minute 35 mm slide show on habitat enhancement and passage improvement in the Columbia River Basin.

ShortTitle:
SLIDE SHOW ON COLUMBIA BASIN HABITAT ENHANCEMENT

LongTitle:
Slide Show on Habitat enhanement in the Columbia River Basin


ProjectTitle:
PRODUCTION OF WEST MONTANA AUDIOVISUAL PROGRAM

Milestones:
The purpose of this project was to produce a 20-minute audio-visual film on projects funded by Bonneville Power Administration in Western Montana.  This film helped demonstrate the delicate balance between water users and uses for water.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce a 20  minute film on projects funded by BPA in Western Montana.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce a 20  minute film on projects funded by BPA in Western Montana.

ShortTitle:
FILM OF WEST MONTANA BPA FISH & WILDLIFE PROJECTS

LongTitle:
Film of BPA  Fish And Wildlife Projects In Western Montan


Milestones:
This project provided funds for Buell and Associates, Inc., to conduct a workshop "Stream Habitat Enhancement Evaluation" to implement section 704(d) of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program.  The workshop provided a clear and concise direction for enhancement project evaluation and monitoring.

Publications:
Stream Habitat Enhancement Evaluation Work Shop:  Level I DOE/BP 61982-1

Results:
Workshop on Stream Habitat Enhancement Evaluation.

ProjectShortDescription:
Support for the Stream Habitat Enhancement Evaluation Workshop.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Support for the Stream Habitat Enhancement Evaluation Workshop.

ProjectBackground:
Training was needed in evaluating stream enhancement projects.

ShortTitle:
STREAM HABITAT ENCHANCEMENT EVALUATION WORKSHOP

LongTitle:
Stream Habitat Enhancement Evaluation Workshop


ProjectTitle:
UMATILLA R BASIN SALMON / STLHD PLAN EVAL  84-10

ShortTitle:
EVALUATE UMATILLA  BASIN SALMON & STEELHEAD PLAN

LongTitle:
Umatilla River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Plan Evaluation


Milestones:
The Washington Department of Fisheries screen shop was contracted to build the drum screens for installation in the concrete structures at Toppenish Creek, Westside, and Ellensburg in the Yakima River Basin.

Results:
Fish screens at Toppenish Creek, Westside, and Ellensburg.

ProjectShortDescription:
Construct drum screens for Toppenish Creek

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Construct drum screens for Toppenish Creek, Westside Canal and Ellensburg Town Diversion in the Yakima River Basin.

ProjectBackground:
Toppenish Creek, Westside Canal and Ellensburg Town Diversion were three remaining projects in phase I of the Yakima project.

ShortTitle:
CONSTRUCT TOPPENISH, WESTSIDE & ELLENSBURG SCREENS

LongTitle:
Construct Toppenish,  Westside and Ellensburg Screens


Milestones:
Prepared newsclips for various fish and wildlife projects funded by BPA including  Ramsey Cr, OR,  Yankee Fk & Bear Valley, ID, Bonneville & McNary Dams,OR-WA,  Hungry Horse Reservoir, MT, Lake Koocanusa, MT, Wells Dam, WA, Tumwater Dam, WA, & Dryden Dam, WA..

ProjectShortDescription:
Prepare newsclips for various fish and wildlife projects funded by BPA.  Sites covered include  Ramsey Creek, OR,  Yankee Fork and Bear Valley, ID, Bonneville Dam, OW,McNary Dam, OW, Hungry Horse Reservoir, MT, Lake Koocanusa, MT, Wells dam, WA, Tumwater Dam, WA, and Dryden Dam, WA.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Prepare newsclips for BPA fish and wildlife projects such as Ramsey Cr, OR,  Yankee Fk & Bear Valley, ID, Bonneville & McNary Dams,OR-WA,  Hungry Horse Reservoir, MT, Lake Koocanusa, MT, Wells Dam, WA, Tumwater Dam, WA, & Dryden Dam, WA.

ShortTitle:
NEWSCLIPS ON VARIOUS BPA FISH & WILDLIFE PROJECTS

LongTitle:
Newsclips on Various BPA Fish and Wildlife Projects


Milestones:
This contract funded the presentation of the Trout Creek Restoration Project to the annual BPA project review held in 1986.

ProjectShortDescription:
Fund the presentation of the Trout Creek Restoration Project to the Annual BPA Project Review.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Fund the presentation of the Trout Creek Restoration Project to the Annual BPA Project Review.

ProjectBackground:
Extensive stream habitat rehabilitation had occurred in the Trout Creek basin.  Assistance was needed in making the presentation at the BPA Annual Project Review.

ShortTitle:
TROUT CREEK PRESENTATION AT BPA PROJECT REVIEW

LongTitle:
Trout Creek Presentation at the BPA Annual Project Review


ProjectTitle:
FISH AND WILDLIFE PROGRAM ASSISTANCE EFFORT

Milestones:
When technical assistance is needed, BPA staff initiate technical assistance task orders for completion by the contractor. Tasks were various but included workshops, review of models and masterplans, etc.

Publications:
Hatchery Effectiveness Technical Work Group:  Retreat Proceedings, January 9-11, 1990  DOE/BP 01830-6;   
Proceeding of the Anadromous Fish Release Strategies Workshop, December 11-14, 1989 DOE/BP 01830-7;   
Evaluation & Application of Statistical Methods for Estimating Smolt Survival DOE/BP 62611-1;   
Movement and Injury Rates for Three Life Stages of Spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha:  A Comparison of Submerged Orifices and an Overflow Weir for Fish Bypass in a Modular Rotary Drum Fish Screen DOE/BP 62611-5

Results:
Numerous task orders have been completed, including development of production and cost records, review of the Yakima Hatchery Master Plan, and smolt survival and predator/prey workshops

ProjectShortDescription:
Provide technical assistance to EW and ANCOOR; review models.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Provide technical contractor assistance to BPA and to the analytical coordination work group. Tasks were various but included workshops, review of models and masterplans, etc. Areas studied included Hungry Horse, Upper Salmon, Dworshak, etc.

ProjectBackground:
The objective of this project is to supplement the limited staff and time resources of BPA's Division of Fish and Wildlife with the services of a professional contractor, who can provide technical assistance on a wide variety of tasks..

ShortTitle:
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE- BPA FISH & WILDLIFE PROGRAM

LongTitle:
Provide Technical Assistance to the BPA Fish and Wildlife Program


ProjectTitle:
FREEZE BRAND SALMON/STHHD - LYONS FERRY HATCHERY

Milestones:
This project freeze-branded 218,000 Lyons Ferry hatchery-reared Chinook salmon and steelhead smolts for the 1986 outmigration.  Personnel of the Fish Passage Center were the primary investigators for the studies.  The Washington Department of Fisheries (WDF) and the Washington Department of Game supplied the fish.  WDF freeze branded the fish.  Specific objectives for the branded steelhead included: (1) to estimate survival through Ice Harbor Dam; and (2) to collect travel time information.  The branded Chinook groups were used solely for travel time vs.  flow calibrations.  Beginning in 1987, the work for this project was incorporated in the award to the Pacific Marine Fisheries Commission for the Smolt Monitoring and Water Budget Program, Project 8712700.

Results:
Data on (1) travel time vs.  flow information for juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead in the lower Snake River and the Columbia River to McNary Dam; and (2) estimated passage survival of juvenile steelhead through Ice Harbor Dam.

ProjectShortDescription:
Produce freeze-branded Lyons Ferry hatchery-reared chinook and steelhead smolts for outmigration studies.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Produce freeze-branded Lyons Ferry hatchery-reared chinook and steelhead smolts for outmigration studies. Focus on on smolt passage time through Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River.

ProjectBackground:
As part of the Water Budget/Smolt Monitoring Program data was need on smolt passage time through Ice Harbor Dam.

ShortTitle:
FREEZE BRAND SALMONIDS AT LYONS FERRY HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Freeze Branding of Salmon And Steelhead at Lyons Ferry Hatchery


ProjectTitle:
ENGINEERING EVALUATION OF CABINET GORGE HATCHERY

Milestones:
When construction was completed, BPA funded an evaluation of the hatchery water supply and general construction procedure.  Objectives: to determine the best procedures for future BPA hatchery construction and modify water supply to maximize fish production.

Results:
Evaluation of the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery construction project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Evaluate the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery water supply and general construction procedure.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Evaluate the Cabinet Gorge Hatchery water supply and general construction procedure.

ProjectBackground:
BPA, Washington Water Power, and the Idaho Department of Fish and Game jointly funded the construction and operation of the Cabinet Gorge Kokanee Hatchery.

ShortTitle:
ENGINEERING EVALUATION OF CABINET GORGE HATCHERY

LongTitle:
Engineering Evaluation Of Cabinet Gorge Hatchery


Milestones:
The contractor organized the three previous planning reports into one final report, and provided comments to the Technical Committee on technical problems and concerns of the Committee, and on the construction planning for FY 1987.

Results:
Reports and future plans for the Trout Creek project.

ProjectShortDescription:
Consolidate previous planning reports into one final report on the Trout Creek project.

ProjectSummaryDescription:
Consolidate previous planning reports into one final report on the Trout Creek project. See Projects 8342300, 8400700 and 8406200.

ProjectBackground:
In 1983, the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) retained a consultant to develop an enhancement plan for Trout Creek.  The project consisted of four phases.  Phase I was a basin overview and air photo analysis of Trout Creek and its major tributaries.  Phase II was a comprehensive field study and analysis, and development of a technical plan with enhancement recommendations.  Phase III involved landowner coordination, development of mylar photo mosaics, and completion of a final technical plan, including a benefit/cost analysis. Trout Creek Enhancement Project Phase IV - Construction. For these efforts see Projects 8342300, 8400700 and 8406200.

ShortTitle:
PRODUCE UNIFIED TROUT CREEK PROJECT REPORT

LongTitle:
Produce Unified Trout Creek Project Report


